Cutting Edge: Our weekly analysis of marketing news 15 April 2015 Welcome to our weekly analysis of the most useful marketing news for CIM and CAM members. Quick links to sections Marketing trends and issues Advertising Consumer response to energetic ads This study investigates the relationship between “consumer activation” (arousal) created by different forms of media and their response to “energetic” commercials. High-energy commercials, which are defined as ads that are active, exciting and arousing to the viewer, are becoming the norm in advertising. The findings from six studies, including one involving video service Hulu, suggest that advertisers who launch commercials in a media context which induce a “deactivating” emotion (sadness, relaxation or contentment), should avoid highly energetic commercials. Consumers who experience a deactivating emotion are less likely to watch highly energetic ads. They are also less able to recall the advertisers compared with those consumers who are not experiencing a deactivating emotion. Journal of Marketing, Vol 79(2) 2015, pp1-18 (Puccinelli et al) Teaser ads and word-of-mouth Advertisers have been using teaser advertising and product pre-announcements to create buzz around forthcoming products and services but little research has been done into how this affects consumers’ word-of-mouth (WOM) behaviour. Through two studies the authors demonstrate that “futureframed” marketing is extremely effective in creating positive WOM for new products. They find that product pre-announcements significantly increase consumers' product interest and WOM behaviour. Journal of Advertising Research, Vol 55(1) 2015, pp73-80 (Thorbjornsen et al) Don’t forget, reading this publication can count towards your annual CPD record. www.cim.co.uk/charteredcpd Brands and branding Creating the super brand March saw the publication of the Superbrands and Business Superbrands rankings. Despite the impact of digital brands, British Airways topped the list of both B2B and B2C brands which just goes to show that gaining a good reputation is a long process. This article examines what makes a brand “super”, how it remains at the top and what B2B brands need to do in order to gain “super” status. B2B Marketing, April 2015, pp10-11 Brand architecture strategy Brands are important intangible assets for businesses and should be managed strategically in order to maximise brand equity. Brand architecture strategy provides guidance on which products and services the business should introduce and how they should be branded. It should be well-designed and well-implemented to provide a roadmap for the brand. The author contends that it is very difficult to manage and maximise brand equity without a clear brand architecture strategy. He proposes a threestep process whereby a firm can design and implement such a strategy and offers examples to illustrate his argument. Journal of Brand Management, Vol 21(9) 2015, pp702715 (Keller) Interactive campaigns Brand storytelling is changing as technology creates interactive experiences allowing consumers to become participants in the narrative. Honda Europe’s marketing director, Martin Moll, explains how the company uses interactivity to emphasise the differences between two of its models, the Civic and the sporty Civic Type R, through a campaign entitled “The other side”. He argues that consumers who are used to interactivity expect a “two-way 1 Cutting Edge: Our weekly analysis of marketing news environment.” Although the audience for the campaign is much bigger than the actual number of car buyers, it provides an opportunity to create brand advocacy among non-buyers who might influence others who are thinking about buying a new car. Marketing, April 2015, pp58-59 Conferences and events Globalisation of agencies UK event agencies are expanding their overseas presence in response to demand from clients and opportunities for growth. Noble Events has just opened an office in Dubai and Ashfield Meetings & Events has opened its third office in the US. Agencies believe that by having a local presence they can better identify new client opportunities. The Appointment Group is about to start recruiting in the US to support the logistics needs of its local client base. International agencies are also showing greater interest in the UK conference and events market with overseas agencies, such as Filmmaster Events, setting up bases in the UK. Conference & Incentive Travel, April 2014, pp20-21 Consumer behaviour Made with love The authors examine how the stated mode of production – handmade or machine-made – affects the attractiveness of the product. A series of four studies suggest that handmade products have a positive effect on product attractiveness which is largely created by perceptions that handmade products are symbolic of love. Consumers show stronger purchase intentions for handmade products when they are buying for loved ones but not for people who are more distant from themselves. They are also prepared to pay more for handmade gifts when they are purchased to show love than when they are acquiring a product simply because it is the best-performing. Journal of Marketing, Vol 79(2) 2015, pp98-110 (Fuchs et al) Marketing to the ageing population Many societies have ageing populations but Japan is ahead in this respect, with one in four Japanese being over the age of 65. They also account for twofifths of personal consumption and many companies have adjusted their offerings to target the ‘grey yen’. A major problem is that of marketing to the elderly: older consumers do not like being reminded that they are old and ad campaigns have to be tactful in the way they approach age. Toyota uses silver-haired middle-aged models to target babyboomers while Wacoal has created separate brands and marketing for its products designed for older consumers for fear of hurting the young image of its core brand. Brands in other countries will © Copyright 2015 CIM increasingly have to find ways to market to the old without alienating younger consumers. The Economist, 11 April 2015, p66 Customer relations Delivering service excellence The customer should be at the centre of what the company does which means that an excellent level of service should be delivered consistently across all customer touchpoints. This should be reflected throughout both customer-facing and non-customerfacing employees which may require a shift away from a goods-dominant to a service-dominant approach. In this article the author considers the customer-centric view of managing companies, defines customer excellence and sets out some tips for delivering good customer service. She also provides brief case studies of Avis, Disney and Zappos. Journal of Strategic Marketing, February-March 2015, pp19-23 (Chinje) Direct marketing Managing customer acquisition risk Managing risk is an important part of customer retention strategy but the authors argue that managing risk in customer acquisition is equally as important. They develop a framework for businesses to manage customer acquisition risk using cooperative databases which help to pool data across direct marketing firms and refine marketing strategies. The framework is illustrated in the context of the selection of customers for direct mail using a “buy now, pay later” payment in which the acquisition risk takes the form of consumers who respond but do not pay. Using a large-scale DM campaign, they demonstrate that their model outperforms other targeting schemes which don’t take into account bad debt risk. Journal of Interactive Marketing, Vol 29 February 2015, pp39-56 (Liu et al) Welcome campaigns pay off E-mail campaigns which contain a welcome message in their subject line are far more likely to engage subscribers than those which don’t have one. According to research by Return Path, welcome messages were read by 34% of recipients compared with 24% for all messages. But it isn’t all good news because recipients were more likely to complain about welcome messages. Customers who read at least one welcome message tended to read more than 40% of messages from the sending brand over the following six months. People who read three welcome messages usually became loyal subscribers. Database Marketing, March 2015, p17 2 Cutting Edge: Our weekly analysis of marketing news ICO - greater powers over nuisance calls Last week the UK’s Information Commissioner’s Office acquired the extra powers to fine telemarketers who spam people with nuisance calls and texts, the fines can be anything up to £500,000. Until now the ICO has had to prove that an unsolicited communication had caused “substantial damage or substantial distress” before action could be taken, but this is no longer the case. theguardian.com, 6 April 2015 Law EU cookie survey An EU working party (WP29) has recently conducted a “cookie sweep” of nearly 500 websites across eight member states to investigate the use of cookies, the information provided and the controls in place. This action serves as a reminder that EU regulators still have their eyes on cookie compliance. The review came up with some interesting statistics regarding both session (temporary) and persistent (those which remain after the website has been closed) cookies. These included the fact that more than 85% of the average website’s cookies were persistent; that over 70% of sites had third party cookies (those not set by the website owner); almost a quarter of sites had no cookie notification; and some cookies had expiry dates running to almost 8,000 years! lexology.com, 9 April 2015 Protecting against copycats Joseph Joseph was set up in 2003 to produce slightly unconventional kitchenware. But copycat products soon started appearing and the company started to spend more on defending its products against counterfeits than on designing new products. The company believes that its problems were in part due to its success in overseas markets, notably China and the Far East. Copycats are “trading off your goodwill and your brand but selling as their own brand”, says IP lawyer Victor Foo. This article includes four steps to safeguarding your work. The Times, 13 April 2015, pp46-47 Marketing Written proposals and customer value The author argues that value is important throughout the business development lifecycle but it is often overlooked in the initial proposal. Value can be hard to quantify: for the business customer the more tangible the benefits the better because they have to make an internal business case for spending the money. To create value it is important to first find out what is important to the customer and then convert the features and advantages of what you are proposing into benefits. It is essential to express this value throughout the proposal by constructing a © Copyright 2015 CIM value story. This value can be expressed in words or graphics demonstrating that you understand the customer and their business. Winning Edge, March-April 2015, pp28-30 Middle managers – shaping strategy The author cites a recently-published article, entitled Adapting a book to make a film: how strategy is adapted through professional practices of marketing middle managers, which challenges the assumption that strategy-making is the domain of top-level managers. It argues that mid-level marketing managers have an important part to play in shaping corporate strategy to help meet customer demands in changing environments. This article summarises the findings of the research and looks at the implications. Journal of Strategic Marketing, February-March 2015, pp40-41 (Kleyn) Upgrading sales and marketing for growth Business leaders are expected to deliver abovemarket growth, but this requires certain internal capabilities and in particular commercial capabilities in marketing and sales. Developing a marketbeating company requires organisational change yet less than a third of transformations succeed as expected. This article examines a new approach to commercial transformation through upgrading marketing, sales and pricing capabilities. The authors claim that 90% of companies which use this approach have delivered above-market growth and sustained it over time. Two-thirds of companies using these transformations are achieving growth in either profitability or revenue while a quarter are achieving it in both. Here are six steps to transform your sales and marketing capabilities. mckinsey.com/insights, March 2015 (hatami et al) Market research Check-all vs. yes-no Self-administered questionnaires on the web or on paper typically use two formats: respondents are asked to tick all the boxes which apply or are forced into a yes-no answer. There is much debate in the survey research literature over which response results in the most reliable data for self-administered surveys. The authors undertake a review and analysis of the available research which compares the two formats and introduce the “acquiescence bias” hypothesis as an explanation for their findings. International Journal of Market Research, Vol 57(2), pp203-223 (Callegaro et al) Public relations Are you content with your content? Many marketers aren’t trained writers so find it hard to create good content. In contrast journalists have been taught to produce informative, easy-to-read content. Here are seven tips to help you think like a 3 Cutting Edge: Our weekly analysis of marketing news journalist. They include: successfully interpreting your audience’s needs; placing the most interesting part of the story first; and using different types of content media such as blogs or video. B2B Marketing, April 2015, p40 Corporate social responsibility as crisis risk This paper looks at the nature of CSR-based challenges, how they can become threats to businesses and how businesses can respond to these threats. CSR has become an important part of corporate reputation and is one of the dimensions used to evaluate a corporation’s crisis. Yet CSR itself can be regarded as a crisis risk rather than just an asset used to protect reputations during a crisis. This study looks at the process whereby CSR is transformed from a crisis resource to a crisis threat and provides a set of insights into CSR-based challenges. Corporate Communications: An International Journal, Vol 20(2) 2015, pp144-162 (Coombs and Holladay) Sponsorship Barcelona – sponsorship takes priority Barcelona FC is the world’s biggest mutual because it is owned by 145,000 members or socios. This makes it hard for the club to be taken over by oligarchs or hedge fund managers. The board requires the socios to back their decisions, including the choice of Qatar Airways as the club’s first shirt sponsor. They had previously refused to consider advertising on the club’s shirts. However, the influence of these socios is decreasing as TV and sponsorship revenues have risen. TV rights, sponsorship and tickets each represent about a third of revenue. The Times, 10 April 2015, p47 Agriculture, fishing and forestry Cod could become sustainable New research suggests that North Sea cod stocks are improving and could be certified as sustainable within the next few years. Cod has been one of the most over-fished species and the research reveals that only one in nine inshore fisheries around Britain are operating sustainably. North Sea cod has been recovering steadily since 2006 and could obtain MSC certification within a few years. Cod is the most popular of the five favourite species of fish eaten in the UK which make up 60% to 75% of all seafood eaten in the country. The Guardian, 9 April 2015, p10 Diversification in the dairy business There are business advantages to diversification which go beyond simply expanding the product line but diversification has to be well-controlled. This © Copyright 2015 CIM article offers advice for those in the dairy business who wish to diversify. It defines the different diversification options – passive, core business and new business – and offers three key points to consider including how profitable the diversification will be and how you will market and sell the products. fwi.co.uk, 8 April 2015 Building industry Tenders When it comes to tendering for work there are certain features that differentiate the successful from the unsuccessful. Consultancy MarketingWorks in association with the University of Reading conducted a survey into tendering habits. It revealed that last year the average cost of winning a tender was £60,208 for a contractor and £23,821 for a consultant. Firms that won one in five projects could spend up to 22% of operational turnover on tendering for work. Yet in the case of 11% of bids won and 15% of bids lost the reasons for the outcome are not known. MarketingWorks MD, Philip Collard, says that the industry is suffering from a combination of clients not providing sufficient feedback and bidders not asking for it. Construction News, 10 April 2015, pp20-22 Connected cities getting smarter Cities are getting smarter as innovative projects, such as a solar-powered road in the Netherlands and cardless ATMs in Chicago, take off. Wired lists 20 urban projects for the connected streetscape. They include billboards in Lima which claim to filter pollution as efficiently as 1,200 trees; Buildingeye alerts in San Francisco which give information on planning permits; and sewer scans in Boston which might be able to identify disease before they can spread around the city. Wired, May 2015, pp30-31 Businesses and strategy Digital platforms Many businesses offer digital platforms which connect users for communication or commercial purposes. Entrepreneurs are attracted to such platforms because of the value they create, the relatively low cost and their network effects which help to protect their competitive advantage. However, such platforms pose start-up problems because they need to attract many users and different types of users. For ten years Professor Ben Edelman has been studying platform businesses and strategies for launching them. Here he offers a framework for building a successful platform business which involves asking five basic questions. Harvard Business Review, April 2015, pp90-97 (Edelman) 4 Cutting Edge: Our weekly analysis of marketing news Plugging the skills gaps as over-50s leave A new CIPD report warns that employers could be left with future skills shortages because of the many people who will be leaving the workforce when they retire. Avoiding the demographic crunch: labour supply and the ageing workforce says that most of the 9.2m over-50s (30% of all employees) will leave their jobs over the next two decades. In particular this is likely to affect agriculture, real estate, health and social work. The CIPD report offers suggestions for engaging older employees and addressing the skills gaps. People Management, April 2015, p13 A benchmark of innovative management In the 1980s attention shifted from American to Japanese businesses as a source of inspiration for best management and organisational practices. Toyota and Honda were both noted for their quality and production systems. Now management innovation can be found around the world. Haier, a Chinese non-state owned business, is one of the world’s biggest and fastest-growing home appliance makers. The company has experienced three stages of strategic development each of which represents a major feat of management innovation. It is unusual for a company to maintain business growth and ground-breaking innovation over a sustained time period. Its success is based on five foundations which are described in this article. London Business School Review, Issue 1 2015, pp24-30 (Crainer) Business transformation However large a business is, it cannot afford to rest on its laurels: according to Richard Foster, a Yale professor, the average lifespan of a Standard & Poor company in the 1920s was 67 years but now it is just 15. In the future it could take a mere eight years for S&P’s list to contain companies that we haven’t even heard of yet. Traits, such as honesty, boldness and speed of capacity for reinvention, are required for business transformation. This supplement explores related topics including eight steps to successful change management; business collaboration; and consumers as drivers of transformation. The Times (Raconteur: Business Transformation), 9 April 2014, pp1-15 SMEs on the road Small Australian businesses are taking to the road to make their businesses truly mobile, and we’re not talking mobile devices here. This article profiles four companies: a hairdresser, a massage business, a charitable mobile laundry and the “Shark in a Bus” marine museum. bbc.co.uk/news, 9 April 2015 © Copyright 2015 CIM Charities and NGOs Posters can’t do everything It is difficult for charities to communicate their messages when complex issues are involved. The author argues that a poster campaign alone cannot convey everything that is at stake. Instead posters are often used as shop windows which can be sufficient to raise awareness to the extent that people will take action. But simply raising awareness is not enough: the campaign also has to provide the impetus for people to continue the conversation. This article makes reference to South Africa’s Salvation Army campaign which piggybacks on the viral white and gold/black and blue dress, and Women’s Aid’s interactive digital billboard. Third Sector, April 2015, p25 Save the Children leads reading campaign The “Read On. Get On” campaign has been launched by a bunch of charities, businesses and authors to encourage professionals and parents to help children improve their reading. Save the Children has been using social media to get people to tweet pictures of themselves or their children reading in their favourite places. The aim of the initiative is to ensure that, by 2025, every child can read well by the time they leave school. Save the Children has recently published a new report to coincide with the general election, entitled The Power of Reading: How the next government can unlock every child’s potential through reading. thirdsector.co.uk, 10 April 2015 Durable consumer goods Shipping that bed – not offensive says ASA A campaign for the bed company Bedworld has been cleared by the ASA after ten people complained about the use of the word “ship” in the ads. Complainants said that the word too closely resembled a swear word. The ASA decided that the ad, in which the phrase “ship this bed” is used repeatedly, should not be banned but that it should not be shown to children. Bedworld claims that the word was used to reinforce its free shipping. theguardian.com, 8 April 2015 Economy Retail prices continue to fall British retail prices are falling at their fastest rate on record which is good for consumers but of concern to the Bank of England. Last month the cost of high street goods fell by 2.1% compared with a year ago, a trend attributed to cheap oil, a strong pound and the supermarket price war. Prices have been declining for 23 months and the trend is likely to continue. In the short term this is good news but in the long term deflation will put a strain on shops, 5 Cutting Edge: Our weekly analysis of marketing news and shoppers may postpone purchases in the hope of even greater savings in the future. The Times, 8 April 2015, p36; The Guardian, 8 April 2015, p19 customers need to play a part in tackling global warming. Utilities that are open to change can profit from building smart systems, distributed generation and storage. They can also guide the consumer through the choices they need to make. Eurozone fortunes The Eurozone is beginning to experience a turnaround in part due to the weakness of the Euro which is helping it to sell more goods and services abroad. The falling price of oil is also helping to cut companies’ energy and raw material costs while raising consumer spending power. Credit conditions, especially for SMEs, are also getting easier. Not everyone is benefiting: it all depends on size of company, sector and sales. The question is whether the Eurozone can continue to grow. The conclusion is that the recovery will most benefit those businesses that have had the foresight to look outside Europe for growth. The Economist, 11 April 2015, pp61-62 The Economist, 11 April 2015, pp67-68 Environment Energy and utilities Printing – the future is sustainable Seacourt, a green printing company based in Oxford, has developed a printing press which it claims is the first in the world to combine waterless printing technology with an instant drying technique powered by LEDs. Commercial printing is the fifthbiggest manufacturing industry in the UK but is a heavy user of both water and energy as well as producing various harmful pollutants. The new LightTouch printing press is heralded as offering a sustainable future for the printing industry. Shell-BG takeover – mistaken identities The news that Royal Dutch Shell is to acquire BG Group resulted in a flurry of social media activity from British Gas customers who were concerned that the utility company would be affected by the takeover. In fact BG Group and British Gas (owned by Centrica) have been separate since 1997. However, confusion remains because of the similar names which continue to be used by parts of the two companies. The takeover of BG Group is not expected to have a great effect on the UK utilities market. utilityweek.co.uk, 9 April 2014 Biggest quoted company The Shell/BG deal will create a £200 billion company making Britain’s biggest quoted company which will compete with Exxon Mobil, the world’s biggest oil company. The Daily Telegraph speculates that the takeover may spark off a “string of new oil and gas deals”. It is likely that Chinese oil and gas companies will be eyeing up the $30 billion-worth of assets which Shell said it would shed from the merged group. The Times reports on the likelihood of Shell pulling out of Arctic drilling following the takeover of BG. This should please Greenpeace activists. The Daily Telegraph, 9 April 2015, ppB1-2,B5; The Times, 9 April 2015, p35; The Times, 10 April 2015, p45 Cutting electricity use Last year advanced industrialised countries used 0.9% less electricity than the previous year. A UN Environment Programme study attributes this to two factors: rising prices have led to consumers using less energy, and there has been more use of energy-saving technology. But both utilities and © Copyright 2015 CIM UK switching rates down A new report from Centre Forum states that UK household energy switching rates have been falling since 2012. This is despite new Ofgem rules which are meant to ensure that customers of the Big Six should be made aware of the cheapest rates. Centre Forum found that switching rates were 13% in the UK compared with an EU average of 6%. It blames the way in which the energy companies present information to customers. The Independent, 13 April 2015, p50 The Business Magazine – Thames Valley, April 2015, p22 Changing consumer attitudes Governments and conservation groups usually tackle illegal poaching by trying to crack down on the poachers. But at a recent 32-country conference in Botswana the emphasis changed to acquiring a better understanding of the market forces which drive the illegal trade. In particular attention has turned to China, the biggest exploiter of wild animals and the largest consumer of elephant ivory. The trend is fuelled by both China’s consumer power and consumer ignorance. Public awareness campaigns across China may just be working and demand for ivory is falling but it could take a couple of generations to reduce the financial incentives for poaching. New Scientist, 11 April 2015, p14 Ethical spending Ethical Consumer magazine’s annual report reveals that ethical or environmentally friendly products are now worth £32 billion to the UK economy. The ethical market has grown by 9%, with sales of electric and hybrid cars up by 78% and ethical food and drink up by 8%. The Independent, 13 April 2015, p14 6 Cutting Edge: Our weekly analysis of marketing news WWF says chicken worse than beef WWF claims that the biggest environmental problem in the UK associated with British diets is chicken. Previously beef had been singled out as the main culprit but the charity claims that chicken is worse because it is intensively reared and needs high levels of water and feed. The British Poultry Association argues that poultry reared by indoor farming is one of the most sustainable methods of meat production. WWF Germany has just published a report which found that Germany’s consumption of pork is the biggest cause of environmental damage. The Grocer, 11 April 2015, pp16-17,44 Fashion Koovs reports high marketing costs Koovs, the Indian fashion e-tailer, is looking for additional funding because of higher than anticipated marketing costs. Marketing costs have increased by over £2m, which Koovs attributes to fast growth in the Indian e-commerce market. The level of expenditure on marketing is expected to continue as the Indian e-commerce market expands from £1.54 billion to £21.5 billion over the next five years. Retail Week, 10 April 2015, p13 Google Images – a fashionable development In 2000 the most popular search query Google had ever received was in the shape of Jennifer Lopez wearing a revealing Versace dress at the 2000 Grammy Awards. This event is credited with having kick-started Google Images. But it was not just a landmark for internet search – it also helped to resurrect Versace’s fortunes! The Daily Telegraph, 9 April 2015, p2 Asos cuts marketing spend As part of a cost-cutting exercise, online retailer Asos reduced its marketing spend by 16% in the six months to 28 February. The business suffered a 10% fall in profits for the period although CEO Nick Robertson has insisted that brand awareness is growing thanks to digital marketing activities. Marketing Week, 9 April 2015, p4 Financial services Enhancing the client experience Banks are facing numerous challenges including compliance and competition but one of the most critical is achieving excellence in customer experience. Banks rely on their bankers to develop relationships with clients and to deliver a proposition which enables the prospective client to recognise the value but this is rarely done in an effective way. The author describes the qualities which he believes the highest-performing bankers should possess: problem-finders rather than solvers; understand the © Copyright 2015 CIM client’s mindset; and can connect with the client through visualisation and storytelling. Each of these is explored in some detail. London Business School Review, Issue 1 2015, pp34-39 (MacDonald) The SME market SMEs make up 99.9% of all private sector business yet often have trouble in acquiring funding. The UK Government has been trying to address this with initiatives including lowering the barriers to entry for new “challenger” banks. This article looks at the strategies lenders can use to revolutionise the market for lending to SMEs. It includes a case study of Bristol-based Ultimate Finance, which has been lending to SMEs for 12 years, and last year rebranded to Inspired Capital plc. Market Leader, Q2 2015, pp12-13 (Mazur) Crowdfunding around the world Last year crowdfunding platforms raised $16.2 billion. Regulatory reform and international expansion have contributed to the rise of crowdfunding and investors are increasingly anxious to get a return on their money. The highest growth occurred in Asia, with a 320% increase in funding, making it the second-largest crowdfunding continent after North America. The Economist, 4 April 2015, p85 Cash still rules although digital is on the rise More consumers are making digital payments using their mobile phones or tablets and retailers are installing digital payment services such as Paym and Zapp. The rise of digital payments comes at a time when banks are reporting a fall in cash withdrawals and cheque transactions. Yet analysts claim that reports of cash being replaced by digital are exaggerated. A report from the Payments Council states that cash is still “the single most commonly used payments method”. Financial Times, 14 April 2015, p4 FMCG Beverages Champagne loses out to Prosecco British sales of Prosecco overtook those of Champagne for the first time last year. Prosecco volume sales doubled to 21m litres which was more than Champagne (6.5m litres) and cava (13m litres) together. However, while overall champagne sales have fallen, value sales of Moët & Chandon have grown by double digits. The Grocer, 11 April 2015, p43; The Independent, 13 April 2015, p14 7 Cutting Edge: Our weekly analysis of marketing news Celebrity wine Most celebrity wines simply involve placing the person’s name on the label in exchange for a generous payment. It is rare for the star to own their own vineyard but Brad Pitt and Angelina Jolie are producing wine grown on their own estate in Provence. They have released a limited edition 2014 Miraval Côtes de Provence Rosé which is being sold at Marks & Spencer. Other celebrities who have owned their own wine estate are Francis Ford Coppola, Gérard Depardieu and Sir Cliff Richard. The Times, 11 April 2015, p15 Robinsons has thirst for new campaigns Soft drinks maker Robinsons plans to address the declining mature squash market by introducing new campaigns, packaging and seven new flavours. It has just launched a 60-second “Play Thirsty” ad and a “Drink More Water” print campaign. This forms part of owner Britvic’s three-point growth plan. Marketing Week, 9 April 2015, p5 Cosmetics and toiletries Fake tans wear off Sales of fake tanning products have fallen by 19.3% in the 52 weeks to 4 January. It appears that the “Towie” (The Only Way is Essex) effect is beginning to diminish. Reality TV shows have been described as “ongoing ads for fake tan products” but they appear to have peaked. The Grocer, 11 April 2015, p5 Food Shock food ads A recent billboard campaign from Carlsberg enabled passers-by to help themselves to beer. The billboard, which was placed outside the Truman Brewery in London, incorporated a built-in beer pump as part of the “If Carlsberg Did” initiative. Shock stunts from food and drink companies, such as Pizza Hut’s Hot Dog Stuffed Crust, are on the increase. This article argues that, while you cannot deny the novelty of these products or events, they are making the consumer into a shop window: Twitter and Instagram are full of pictures of silly food which means that the company concerned can spend less on advertising! The Independent, 10 April 2015, p39 Baked potatoes take over evening meal Baked potatoes are growing faster than any other food as a choice for evening meals. This is a bit of a turnaround for the baked spud which last May was being rejected in favour of frozen options. According to Kantar Worldpanel fresh baked potatoes grew twice as fast as curry as a dinner choice in 2014. Tobacco Display ban in small stores Last week the UK introduced a tobacco display ban in small shops. This follows the introduction of a display ban in large stores and supermarkets in 2012. Although the ban has been welcomed by campaign groups such as Action on Smoking and Health (Ash), it has been criticised by the Tobacco Retailers' Alliance which points out that the display ban in larger shops hasn’t yet been evaluated. bbc.co.uk/news, 6 April 2015 Government and public sector British vs. US elections A brief article compares political campaigning in US and British elections. Whereas the UK election campaign started in March and will end on 7 May, US election campaigning “has no beginning and no end”. One could argue that politics in which there is permanent campaigning makes the politician continuously accountable, but it is their performance as a campaigner that is being measured rather than their ability in government. Perpetual campaigning is all about short-term tactics, headlines, social media and shortening public attention spans. But does all this mean that the UK is better-governed than the US? Bloomberg Businessweek, 6-12 April 2015, p10 Chinese opinion polls For years the Chinese Communist Party spoke for the population of China but now it is increasingly using opinion polls to establish the public’s views on big issues and on some policies. Yuan Yue pioneered commercial polling in the country when he launched Horizon Research in 1992. Chinese opinion polls cover a huge range of subjects but Mr Yuan says that many are so-called “customer satisfaction surveys” that are being used extensively by local governments. Although the government is still regarded as repressive, its need to canvas opinion increasingly shows that what people think matters. The Economist, 11 April 2015, pp57-58 Health and pharmaceuticals Google - from search to surgery Johnson & Johnson’s subsidiary Ethicon has joined forces with Google to build advanced surgical robots. Google’s data-gathering will lead to surgeons having better imaging and analysis tools when operating robotically. Google has already teamed up with Apple to gather medical data for devices. New Scientist, 11 April 2015, p19 The Grocer, 11 April 2015, p45 Healthcare sustainability The number of people in the world aged over 60 has doubled since 1980 and will account for more than © Copyright 2015 CIM 8 Cutting Edge: Our weekly analysis of marketing news one in five by 2050. As people live longer they are developing chronic diseases such as heart conditions, dementia or diabetes. This has led to rising healthcare costs which places a strain on governments, insurers and patients. It also places a question mark over the sustainability of existing healthcare models. This supplement examines some of the issues, including product development, the cost of drugs and the Internet of Things. Financial Times (Sustainable Healthcare), 7 April 2015, pp1-4 Acquiring assets in the race to beat cancer Pharmaceutical companies are fighting to acquire assets in a class of medicines that are considered to be one of the most important developments in the battle against cancer: cancer immunotherapies. Novartis and Merck have teamed up to strengthen their position in the race to develop such therapies. Other companies are rushing to form alliances, with some large pharma companies partnering with small biotech outfits in their bid to find the right approach. Financial Times, 8 April 2015, p17 IT and telecoms Amazon develops cloud business Amazon is the largest e-commerce group in the world by sales. Yet Amazon Web Services, its cloud service, has become one of the most valuable parts of the company’s business. AWS’s customers include Fortune 500 companies and the US government but it is facing competition from the likes of Google and Microsoft. In addition computing and data storage is a low-margin business and AWS is looking to rise up the value chain into areas such as software and enterprise services. Financial Times, 14 April 2015, p17 Leisure and tourism Team GB has stories to tell The London 2012 Olympic Games represented a huge sporting and marketing success. Team GB is building itself up for the Rio 2016 Games but it will be hard to meet consumer expectations. It has tweaked its marketing strategy to focus on content and the stories surrounding athletes are central to this. Research has shown that consumers are twice as likely to be interested in stories about athletes as about other sporting teams such as rugby or football. Team GB hopes that its stories will be spread through marketing partnerships and investment. Furniture retailer DFS, which signed a sponsorship deal last year, believes that Team GB’s philosophy aligns with its own vision and values. Marketing, April 2015, pp54-55 © Copyright 2015 CIM UK climbing on the ascent Climbing as a UK sport is attracting an increasing number of people, particularly middle-class citydwellers. Climbing walls are becoming more popular according to the British Mountaineering Council (BMC). The clothing and climbing equipment sectors are benefiting from the trend but it is a fragmented market and hard to break into. Although there is a history of companies sponsoring climbing expeditions, brands want more than just a good climber: they need people who can promote themselves and the brand. Some brands won’t sponsor athletes who don’t have a good online presence. Older climbers may find this hard to deal with while some younger climbers are making the most of the opportunity! Management Today, April 2015, pp42-44 Materials and mining 3D printing process to shake up industry A new system known as “continuous liquid interface production” looks set to transform the 3D printing industry by making the process of creating plastic objects up to 100 times faster. Developed by Carbon 3D, a Silicon Valley start-up, the process was inspired by a scene from the Terminator 2 film which shows the android rising out of a pool of metallic liquid. Experts warn that some of the “first to market” 3D printing companies may disappear as did the early computer companies of the 1980s but so far the big incumbents are making high profit margins. Financial Times, 10 April 2015, p17 Media Books Authors’ attitudes towards publishers A new survey has revealed that publishers need to communicate better with their authors, pay them more and use their skills to market books. The Do You Love Your Publisher? survey was conducted among 812 writers in the UK and US. It asked them about publisher satisfaction, agents and selfpublishing. Some 75% of authors said that they had never been asked for feedback by their publisher while 28% felt that communication with their publisher was inconsistent. The survey also covered the topics of loyalty, publishers’ editorial input and author attitudes towards Amazon. The Bookseller, 10 April 2015, pp6-7 Paper sales E-books now make up about 30% of all published books and nearly 50% of adult fiction, but the decline in print sales is slowing and e-book growth is beginning to tail off. Millennials are still buying paperbacks while sales of children’s literature rose 9 Cutting Edge: Our weekly analysis of marketing news by 9% last year as teens, twenty and thirtysomethings buy fiction marketed at young adults. Publishers Picador and Bloomsbury are hoping that people’s love of print will allow the industry to survive the digital age. Some publishing companies are emerging as e-book-only ventures. Official Charts Company website ahead of Record Store Day on 18 April. The Observer, 12 April 2015, p43 Loyalty The huge choice of media and information sources has made it hard for publishers to retain readers. Loyalty programmes are a way of offering incentives to consumers especially when encouraging them to subscribe and regularly visit websites. Customer retention is central to the business and helps to measure how well the company is creating value for customers. The author lists the three main retention levers and describes how digital agency Clock (of which he is account director) worked with The Times and The Sunday Times (News UK) to develop a subscriber loyalty programme. Internet No need to dash to the shops Amazon is offering its Prime users in the US a chance to install a physical button in their homes which can be used to order everyday products that they have run out of, such as coffee or toilet rolls. Users simply press the branded “Dash” button, which is preset to a particular product, and the order will be delivered to them the next day. The aim is to automate shopping so that the customer doesn’t have to think about it. Another example of automated shopping (and the Internet of Things) is the smart fridge which can potentially tell the owner when they have run out of milk. Retail Week, 10 April 2015, p28; New Scientist, 11 April 2015, p19 Online advertising comes of age Advertisers spent 14% more last year on internet and digital marketing according to the Digital Adspend Study from the Internet Advertising Bureau and PwC. Last year a record £7.2 billion was spent on online advertising. Mobile advertising has been slow to rival traditional forms of advertising but, thanks to the rise of smartphones and advertisingbased apps, 23% of all digital spend targeted phones in 2014, up from 16% in 2013. Meanwhile advertising aimed at tablets more than doubled to £87m. The IAB said that “online advertising has come of age”. The Times, 10 April 2015, p49 Mobile optimisation – star performers Research by the Internet Advertising Bureau reveals that Disney, Tesco and Lego are among the highest scorers out of 250 UK brands with regard to their mobile optimisation of websites and apps. The brands were scored out of ten with those achieving nine or above designated as “star performers”, these include HSBC, Vodafone and Save the Children. Marketing Week, 9 April 2015, p5 Music Vinyl back in the charts The UK’s first weekly vinyl record chart has been launched in recognition of the booming sales of vinyl singles and albums. Last year vinyl sales reached their highest for 18 years at 1.29m and are predicted to grow by another 70% this year to reach past two million. The charts will be published on the © Copyright 2015 CIM bbc.co.uk/news, 13 April 2015; The Times, 13 April 2015, p3 Newspapers Market Leader, Q2 2015, pp18-19 (Gilbert) Focusing on content past and present Like the music industry, magazines and newspapers are beginning to use Backlists (their archives) to attract new readers and encourage people to spend more time on their sites. In 2014 The New York Times’s Machine Site was re-launched containing issues from 1851 to 1980 while The Guardian’s archives date back to 1791. Publishers are developing new tools to repackage the content to help readers find what they want. Social media is a key channel through which adults in the US get their news. As companies become publishers, they are looking at new ways to showcase the increasing amount of content they produce which is regarded as a valuable asset. Financial Times, 10 April 2015, p12 Social media Snapchat has lucrative new ad model In January messaging app Snapchat introduced Discover, a menu of free channels from 11 media companies which publish video clips and news stories directly on Snapchat. Although Snapchat has so far remained reticent about how it plans to make money, the 11 Discover channels sell their own ads, which gives Snapchat a cut of the takings. The youthful audience (over 100m) which Snapchat attracts, are coveted by advertisers and Discover channels can charge them $100 per 1,000 views, which is around twice the ad rates of YouTube and Hulu. Bloomberg Businessweek, 6-12 April 2015, pp28-29 Who owns LinkedIn data? Over 225m people use LinkedIn as a business tool but employers should be aware of the problems which can arise from its use in the workplace, particularly when an employee leaves the business. 10 Cutting Edge: Our weekly analysis of marketing news LinkedIn enables people to build up a list of contacts including clients, prospective clients, customers and suppliers. The employee would expect to take their LinkedIn account with them to the new employer who could be a competitor and there has been an increasing amount of litigation on the subject. This article asks who owns the LinkedIn account and what practical steps employers can take to protect themselves. lexology.com, 9 April 2015 Facebook uses old-fashioned appraoch Facebook has turned to traditional media for its own ad campaigns. The social network has spent £6m on conventional media in the UK, which includes London Underground and TV campaigns. Until recently Facebook built its business by word-ofmouth but this is a definite change of approach. Last year it launched its first billboard campaigns in Los Angeles and Chicago; this year it is using mass media in Canada and Australia. Google and other digital media companies have also been turning to older ways of brand building. Financial Times, 13 April 2015, p22 Television BBC turns to online The BBC plans to compete with services such as Netflix and Amazon as part of its aim of becoming an “internet first” broadcaster. The corporation has recognised that young people increasingly watch TV and listen to radio on catch-up or on-demand services on mobile devices. Matthew Postgate, the BBC’s chief technology officer, has the job of creating a dedicated team to move the business towards digital production. The Times, 9 April 2015, p3; Financial Times, 9 April 2015, p3 Video Live streaming Two new apps enable people to share what is happening around them in real time. Periscope and Meerkat allow smartphone owners to broadcast their surroundings to others. It is still not clear when these apps should be used or indeed what for. Other video services, such as a YouTube and Vine, have enabled people to become video stars by attracting millions of followers and entering into expensive ad deals. Will Periscope go the same way? New Scientist, 11 April 2015, p19 Packaging EU to tackle plastic bag use The average European throws away up to 200 plastic bags a year, most of which have only been used once. The European Parliament’s environment committee wants to introduce new rules to reduce the use of plastic bags. They propose that EU © Copyright 2015 CIM countries can choose between two approaches: ban free plastic bags in shops by the end of 2018 or ensure that by 2019 each citizen uses no more than 90 bags a year and no more than 40 bags a year by 2025. The final vote will take place on 28 April. europeanlawmonitor.org, 31 March 2015 Retailing M&S steps up a gear Marks & Spencer has reported like-for-like growth in its general merchandise division for the first time in four years: the fourth quarter saw total general merchandise sales rise by 1.3%. The retailer has also seen growth in e-commerce sales thanks to online improvements in search, navigation and speed. Even the fashion press has been complimentary about some of M&S’s new offerings, but CEO Marc Bolland is continuing with his “step by step” policy rather than claiming that the company has turned a corner. Retail Week, 10 April 2015, p2 Aldi overtakes Waitrose Aldi has become the sixth-biggest supermarket in Britain with 5.3% share of the grocery market, having overtaken Waitrose which has a 5.1% share. Meanwhile the “Big Four” supermarkets have their lowest market share for a decade which illustrates just how much the British grocery market is changing. Waitrose will probably remain unfazed by the news because, along with Aldi and Lidl, it is one of only three supermarkets to increase its market share. Aldi plans to focus on expansion in London this year by opening nine new stores. The Daily Telegraph, 9 April 2015, pB3; The Times, 9 April 2015, p9; The Guardian, 9 April 2015, p21 CMA investigates 99p Stores takeover The Competition and Markets Authority (CMA) has warned that Poundland’s takeover of 99p Stores could be in breach of competition rules. It plans to look more closely at the £55m takeover after it found that 80 locations and various planned sites could lead to a “substantial lessening of competition”. The Independent, 10 April 2015, p54 Services Airbnb – the sharing economy Airbnb is a well-known player in the sharing economy. A UK government bill could result in the relaxation of planning regulations which would allow Londoners to let their residential properties for up to 90 days. Research suggests that Airbnb’s awareness in the UK is nearly twice as high among Generation Y business travellers than among older generations. The sharing economy has yet to take off and it is still only used by 2.6% of business travellers. Yet residential event-related accommodation accounts 11 Cutting Edge: Our weekly analysis of marketing news for 36% of domestic hotel demand in the main Western markets, so the sharing economy could ultimately pose a threat to hotels. Meetings & Incentive Travel, March-April 2015, pp39-40 Pret is ready for evening service Pret A Manger is expanding into the after work market by trialling its A Good Evenings service in London. The new service, which will stay open until 11pm, will offer hot dishes and salads plus wine and beer. Pret is not alone amongst daytime food and drink services which have expanded into the evening market: Starbucks recently launched Starbucks Evenings. The Times, 8 April 2015, p35; Financial Times, 11 April 2015, p17; The Grocer, 11 April 2015, p8 Parcel services – can they deliver? Citylink, which collapsed three months ago, is not the only parcel delivery service to be struggling in the UK. The rise of internet shopping should have benefited the delivery industry but firms such as Yodel and UK Mail Group have had difficulty adjusting to increased volumes and customer demands, such as 30-minute slots. The FedEx-TNT merger is not regarded as an immediate threat to the UK parcel business because it does not operate in the B2C market but the newly-merged business may just spot an opportunity to get a piece of the action. The Independent, 10 April 2015, p57 Will Zoopla make the right move? Zoopla and Rightmove (the market leader) are the leading property portals in the UK. They allow estate agents to advertise properties to buy or rent, the decline in print ads has been attributed to the rise of such services. But now these sites have taken a hit in the form of OnTheMarket, a rival outfit set up by a group of disenchanted estate agents. Just a week after the latter’s launch, Zoopla reported having lost 11% of its 19,000 estate agency advertisers. This article profiles Zoopla founder Alex Chesterman. Financial Times, 8 April 2015, p12 Transport and travel Car registrations – best month this century Last month more cars were registered in the UK than in any other month for the last 16 years according to the Society of Motor Manufacturers & Traders (SMMT). This is attributed to new products, financial packages and low interest rates which have encouraged companies to buy fleet cars with more confidence. The SMMT expects UK car production to overtake pre-recession levels this year. Europe’s population continues to age. The UK is the biggest scooter market in Europe with an estimated 80,000 being sold every year. Scooters are also the subject of numerous articles, tweets and blogs which include both positive and negative press. This article examines Electric Mobility, one of the biggest players in the UK mobility market. It also compares scooter buying behaviour with that of cars, in which people trade up from a second hand to new and premium models. The topics of obesity, styling and competition are also covered. Management Today, April 2015, pp46-48 Driverless city M City is a $6.5m, 23-acre mini-city which has been built by the University of Michigan. It offers facilities for vehicle makers to test out driverless cars by replicating traffic jams, pedestrians’ behaviour and so on. Big automakers such as Ford, General Motors and Toyota, have already expressed huge interest in the concept. To date autonomous vehicles, such as Google’s Toyota Priuses, have been tested on public or private roads and test tracks. The city, which opens on 20 July, will eventually see hundreds of driverless cars in its streets. The market for driverless technology is expected to grow to $42 billion a year by 2025. Bloomberg Businessweek, 6-12 April 2015, pp19-20 Ola and Uber - head on collision in India Ola Cabs is India’s answer to Uber, the taxi app service. The two are fierce competitors, a situation which has been reinforced by Ola’s recent takeover of TaxiForSure, India’s second-largest taxi aggregator. Uber suffered a setback when it received a temporary ban in New Delhi last year after one of its drivers was accused of sexual assault. Ola is to receive fresh investment of $314m from Russian- and US-based investors. In India Uber plans to fuel the rivalry by launching uberAuto, a service allowing people to book rickshaws in New Delhi. Financial Times, 10 April 2015, p16 Van sales benefit from online shopping Van sales have benefited from the increase in online shopping with a record 100,000 vehicles being registered in the first quarter of 2015, up by 22.3% year-on-year. The SMMT has reported that 108,456 vans and lorries were registered in the first three months, the highest number sold since 1987. The Ford Transit was the best seller of the quarter while Vauxhall Vivaro came second and the VW Transporter third. bbc.co.uk/news, 13 April 2015 The Independent, 9 April 2015, p58 Mobility – remaining fleet of foot Mobility scooters are a growing phenomenon as © Copyright 2015 CIM 12 Cutting Edge: Our weekly analysis of marketing news Buzz phrases Boomerang boarders This is an expression applied to adult children who have come back from university but can’t afford their own homes and are living with their middleincome parents. In the UK 37% of people can’t afford to buy their own property as house prices continue to rise faster than wages. According to Experian there are around 1.56m boomerang boarders in the UK. It argues that brands should be targeting these consumers and their relatively high disposable incomes and should adjust their strategies to take account of “multi-generational households”. Hempstead Valley in Kent has been identified as having the highest proportion of boomerang boarders. Written by CIM’s Knowledge Services Team © Copyright 2015 CIM The views expressed in Cutting Edge are not necessarily those of The Chartered Institute of Marketing. Marketing Week, 9 April 2015, pp22-23 © Copyright 2015 CIM 13 Cutting Edge: Our weekly analysis of marketing news On the Move Name From To New title Source Katie Gamble motorsport.com UK Sales Manager Winning Edge Paul Lee Haymarket Media Group Adobe CRM Technologies Sales Director Winning Edge Siena Parker Heineken UK Penguin Random House UK The Bookseller Carl Sutton WILKO Poundstretcher Corporate Responsibility Manager Head of Marketing The Grocer Promotions Name Company Previous title New title Source Peter Bost ATPI Group JTI Andy Lister Grass Roots Director International Network Head of Corporate Affairs & Communications for the UK Chief Strategy Officer eventmagazine.co.uk Charlie Cunningham Global Head of Events General Manager, Romania, Bulgaria and Moldova Angela Townsend Sharp’s Visual Solutions © Copyright 2015 CIM Chief Operating Officer Key Account Manager UK Sales Manager The Grocer Conference & Incentive Travel Winning Edge 14 Cutting Edge: Our weekly analysis of marketing news Sources Please contact the library if you would like any further assistance or would like more information on our photocopying services (charges apply) or purchase of Key Note reports. 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