!"#$%#&'(")!&#*'"+',%-./!%/-0'12340'530'3567383 9:';:';$#<)=#'/$'#*:>'?/*#$%"&-.%@'=/$A//&'=!""B-$"CD'A/%<.$'#&B'-@#A&%&<'%&';+!%C#&'C#$E-. FGHI'?JK;H9''JLLI'34427263M http://dx.doi.org/10.14798/71.4.694 !"#$%$&'!()*+%%,&$*'-$+& RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BROODSTOCK WEIGHT COMBINATION AND SPAWNING SUCCESS IN AFRICAN CATFISH (Clarias gariepinus) Gabriel Arome Ataguba*, Victor Tosin Okomoda, Martins Chukwuemeka Onwuka Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, University of Agriculture, Makurdi, P. M. B. 2373, Makurdi, Nigeria * Corresponding Author, E-mail: gabynotepad@yahoo.co.uk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`/C$/B' B/P#&B' +"!' E-.' %-' $.!")<.' @!#<P#$%C' "@$%"&-' "+' %&$/&-%N/' E-.' +#!P%&<:' V"' $.%-' /a/C$0' <!"A$.' "+' #b)#C)*$)!/' .#-' =//&' !/@"!$/B' .%&<%&<' "&' $./' #=%*%$O' "+' $./' .#$C.7 /!%/-' $"' =/' #=*/' $"' @!"B)C/' #&B' -)@@*O' E-.' -//B-' +"!'-$"CD%&<'@!"B)C$%"&'@"&B-'"&'#'-)-$#%&#=*/'=#7 -%-' SK#P%P"!/0' 3XXWT:' ?/#!%&<' C)*$)!#=*/' E-.' -@/7 C%/-' )&B/!' C"&$!"**/B' /&N%!"&P/&$' .#-' @!"N/B' $"' =/' #' -)CC/--+)*' P/$."B' "+' /&.#&C%&<' E-.' -)@@*O:' ;P"&<'#**0'C#$E-./-'#!/'%P@"!$#&$'$"'$./'-)-$#% =%*%$O'"+'$./'#b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c'FO/*/-/'S1226T'B/P"&-$!#$/B' .#$C.%&<' -)CC/--' %&' !/*#$%"&' $"' $/P@/!#$)!/0' A.%*/' L%*N#'/$'#*:'S1224T'!/@"!$/B'/a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d)/&C/'%-'&"$'A/**')&B/!-$""B' %&'P#&O'-@/C%/-:'L/*/C$%"&'"+'=!""B-$"CD'%&';+!%C#&' C#$E-.'%-'*#!</*O'$.!")<.'#'B%-`"%&$/B0'%-"*#$/B'#&B' "CC#-%"&#*'/a"!$0')&*%D/'%&'$./'C#-/'"+' .#&&/*'C#$7 E-.' S,-."!+#+%& )+*-.".+%0' ?#E&/-b)/0' 3838T' SL#*#P%' /$' #*:0' 3XX4' #&B' I*/A#B%P' /$' #*:0' 122WT:' Q!/N%")-' @!/*%P%&#!O' A"!D' =O';$#<)=#' /$' #*:' S1231T' .#B' !/7 @"!$/B' $/&B/&CO' "+' %&C!/#-/B' .#$C.%&<' -)CC/--' A%$.'%&C!/#-%&<'=!""B-$"CD'-%U/:'V./'@!/-/&$'-$)BO' $./!/+"!/'A#-'B/-%<&/B'$"'/N#*)#$/'$./'!/*#$%"&-.%@' =/$A//&'=!""B-$"CD'-%U/-'#&B'.#$C.%&<'-)CC/--:'V./' !/-)*$'@!/-/&$/B'%&'$.%-'-$)BO'A%**'<)%B/'E-.'+#!P7 /!-'"&'=!""B'E-.'-/*/C$%"&'+"!'%&B)C/B'=!//B%&<'$"' !/B)C/'=!//B%&<'+#%*)!/: MATERIALS AND METHODS L%e$O7+")!' =!""B-$"CD-' "+' $./' -#P/' =!//B%&<' .%-7 $"!O'!#%-/B'+"!'#@@!"e%P#$/*O'E+$//&'P"&$.-'A/!/' "=$#%&/B' +!"P' $./' ,%-./!%/-' !/-/#!C.' +#!P' "+' $./' f&%N/!-%$O' "+' ;<!%C)*$)!/0' [#D)!B%:' V./' =!""B7 -$"CD-' A/!/' -/@#!#$/B' =O' -/e' #&B' A/%<.$' #&B' #C7 C*%P#$%U/B' +"!' $A"' A//D-' %&' C"&C!/$/' $#&D-' #$' $./' ^#$C./!O' f&%$' "+' $./' G/@#!$P/&$' "+' ,%-./!%/-' #&B' ;b)#C)*$)!/0'[#D)!B%:'K!""B-$"CD-'A/!/'+/B'A%$.' 4Z\'C!)B/'@!"$/%&'@/**/$/B'+//B'#BP%&%-$/!/B'B#%*O' #$'Z\'"+'$./%!'="BO'A/%<.$: K!""B-$"CD' A/%<.$' C"P=%&#$%"&' )-/B' %&' $.%-' -$)BO' %-' -."A&' %&' V#=*/' 3c' /#C.' A/%<.$' C*#--' .#B' $A"'=!""B-$""D-'/#C.'+"!'P#*/'#&B'+/P#*/: Table 1. Broodstock mating combination is in the following order (#$× %) 123456)) 78942 1227422< W227Z22< 6227522< 8227X22< 05:76) *:;2 # ; K G % ' ;; K; ; G; / ;K KK K GK * ; K G < ;G KG G GG FN#@!%P'A#-')-/B'$"'%&B)C/'"N)*#$%"&'#$'#'B"-7 #</'"+'2:Z'P*D<73'"+'="BO'A/%<.$:'^"!P"&/'#BP%&7 %-$!#$%"&' A#-' C#!!%/B' ")$' N%#' %&$!#P)-C)*#!' %&`/C7 $%"&' A%$.")$' #&#/-$./-%#:';+$/!' #' *#$/&CO' @/!%"B' "+' $A/*N/'.")!-0'/<<-'A/!/'C"**/C$/B'+!"P'/#C.'+/P#*/' #CC"!B%&<'$"'$./'B/-%<&#$/B'C"P=%&#$%"&-'=O'</&$*O' @!/--%&<' $./' #=B"P/&' "+' $./' E-.:' V./-/' A/!/' C"*7 */C$/B' %&$"' C*/#&' ="A*-' *#=/**/B' #CC"!B%&<*O:' V./' A/%<.$-'"+'$./'/<<-'A/!/'B/$/!P%&/B0'#-'A/**'#-'+/7 C)&B%$O:'V./'$/-$/-'A/!/'"=$#%&/B'=O'-#C!%EC%&<'$./' P#*/-' #&B' $./' P%*$' "=$#%&/B' A#-' )-/B' $"' +/!$%*%U/' $./'/<<-'#CC"!B%&<'$"'$./'C"P=%&#$%"&:'V./'-$!%@@/B' /<<-'A/!/'P%e/B'A%$.'$./'P%*$'<"_/&'+!"P'$./'P#*/' "+' #@@!"@!%#$/' C"P=%&#$%"&' #+$/!' A.%C.' Z' P*' "+' +!/-.' A#$/!' 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Linear relationship between fecundity and egg weight ,/!$%*%U#$%"&' #&B' .#$C.#=%*%$O' SV#=*/' 1T' %&' $./' @!/-/&$'-$)BO'#*-"'C"!!/*#$/'@"-%$%N/*O'A%$.'A/%<.$' "+'+/P#*/'SV#=*/'4T0'./&C/'.%<.'N#*)/-'"+'$./'*#_/!' $/&B-' $"' =/' #--"C%#$/B' A%$.' .%<./!' N#*)/-' "+' $./' +"!P/!:' V./!/' %-' #' B%!/C$' !/*#$%"&-.%@' =/$A//&' +/7 C)&B%$O'#&B'A/%<.$'"+'+/P#*/-'S,%<)!/'4T:' Fig 1. Linear relationship between weight of females and egg weight Table 2. Artificial spawning performance of broodstock combination of various weight ranges *:=>39863:9) &?=>27 3 1 4 W Z 6 5 8 X 32 33 31 34 3W 3Z 36 *7:@@2@ 123456A):B) 123456A):B) .2=8C2)D4E %8C2)D4E ;'e'; 1X6:ZZj4:ZZ 1ZX:3Xj4:26 ;'e'K 14X:W2jW:22 W15:58jZ:2W ;'e' 1ZX:3Xj2:26 638:62j3:62 ;'e'G 145:22j6:22 811:52j2:X5 K'e'; WZ4:12j5:22 163:3Xj4:26 K'e'K WZ8:3j1:32 W4X:54j4:4X K'e' W15:58jZ:2W 636:62j3:62 K'e'G W4X:54j2:4X 811:52j1:X5 'e'; 655:WZj1:XZ 163:3Xj4:26 'e'K 6X1:Z2j6:Z2 W4X:54j4:4X 'e' 655:8ZjW:ZZ 636:62j3:62 'e'G 658:8Zj3:ZZ 811:52j1:X5 G'e'; 816:3Wj8:1 1ZX:3Xj4:26 G'e'K 82X:8Wj2:61 W15:58jZ:2W G'e' 81W:3Wj8:1 638:62j3:62 G'e'G 82X:4Wj3:31 811:52j2:X5Z "44)123456A)D=4E 3:251'H724j'2:2324'H724 2:XX5'H724j2:2ZX8'H724 3:381'H724j2:24W2'H724 2:543'H724j2:23W3'H724 3:W4X'H724j2:238W'H724 3:233'H724j2:2383'H724 3:Z15'H724j2:2232X'H724 3:243'H724j2:2383'H724 3:W81'H724j2:22186'H724 3:Z4Z'H724j2:22816'H724' 3:W88'H724j2:2484'H724 3:W64'H724j2:21XX'H724 3:Z41'H724j2:22Z22'H724 3:Z8W'H724j2:22338'H724 3:W63'H724j2:22118'H724 3:Z31'H724j2:23WX'H724 123456):B) -2@62@)D4E 2:X61Zj2:2W4 3:31Z2j2:23Z 3:5322j2:212 3:62Z2j2:23Z 2:X61Zj2:2W4 3:4X2j2:13Z 3:61Z2j2:24Z 3:66Z2j2:21Z 2:X61Zj2:2W4 3:4X2j2:13Z 3:61Z2j2:24Z 3:66Z2j2:21Z 2:X61Zj2:2W4 3:31Z2j2:23Z 3:5322j2:212 3:62Z2j2:23Z .2F?9;36G 42468:2jX4:Z 1W1X6:2jZ5:Z 1584W:2j61:2 12WZ8:2jZW:2 W28W1:2j43:2 WZ3WZ:2jW5:2 4Z413:2jZX:2 W2W2Z:2jW8:2 ZX458:2j4X:2 61564:2jWZ:2 6WXZW:2jW8:2 636ZW:2j65:Z 6845W:2jXZ:Z 618X8:2jWZ:2 53X63:2j4X:Z 5W3W1:2j3:Z 27F296842) .2763C3H863:9 Z4:WZj2:8Z 6X:Z2j3:62 65:52j3:12 Z8:X2j1:22 65:XZj1:3Z 65:12j3:42 6X:2Zj3:3Z 66:Z2j2:52 53:WZj2:8Z 54:12j3:W2 51:8Zj3:2Z 54:8Zj3:1Z 55:44j1:65 56:24j1:Z2 84:52j3:12 5X:8Xj3:WW 27F296842) I86F58>3C36G 51:32j2:42 55:1Z2j2:8Z 55:8Zj3:ZZ 5Z:W2j4:22 6X:5Z2j2:4Z 6Z:62j3:82 6X:W22j2:52 6Z:5Z2j2:4Z 52:12j2:W2 53:X2j3:Z2 58:1Zj4:4Z 83:4Zj1:XZ 5W:4Zj4:3Z 8Z:22j4:W2 84:52j3:12 88:522j2:82 Table 3. Correlation matrix of broodstock parameters and spawning performance ,/C)&B%$O H<<']$ ]$'% \',/!$%*%U#$%"& \'^#$C.#=%*%$O ]$'V/-$%- !& 123456)# 2:X22kkk S2:222T 2:82Zkkk S2:222T 72:24Z S2:8Z3T 2:813kkk S2:222T 2:WZ2kk S2:23T 72:23X S2:X3XT .2F?9;36G "44)123456 123456)% J).2763C3H863:9 J)I86F58>3C36G 2:6X4kkk S2:222T 2:26Z S2:XX1T 2:56Wkkk S2:222T 2:WXWkk S2:234T 2:25Z S2:85XT 72:12W S2:WW8T 2:533kkk S2:22ZT 2:445 S2:466T 72:2X6 S2:411T 2:312 S2:Z34T 2:441 S2:26WT 2:86Xkkk S2:222T 2:Z1Zkk S2:221T 2:128 S2:1Z4T 2:1Z4 S2:364T !"#$%#&'(")!&#*'"+',%-./!%/-0'12340'530'3567383 9:';:';$#<)=#'/$'#*:>'?/*#$%"&-.%@'=/$A//&'=!""B-$"CD'A/%<.$'#&B'-@#A&%&<'%&';+!%C#&'C#$E-. Fig 3. Linear relationship between fecundity and weight of females G/'9!##+'/$'#*:'S3XXZT'-$#$/B'$.#$'N#!%#$%"&-'%&'$./' -%U/'"+'=!""B-$"CD'C#&'*/#B'$"'B%a/!/&C/-'%&'.#$C.7 %&<'!#$/-:'H<<'-%U/'.#-'#*-"'=//&'!/@"!$/B'$"'=/'@"-%7 $%N/*O' C"!!/*#$/B' A%$.' 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