Strategies to Improve Publication
and Increase Citation
One-day workshop on:
Strategies To Improve Publication and
Increase Citation – Part 1 & 2
Available online at:
Part 1: http://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.1155165
Part 2: http://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.1155166
Nader Ale Ebrahim, PhD
=====================================
www.researcherid.com/rid/C-2414-2009
http://scholar.google.com/citations
Abstract
With the increasing use of information and communications technology (ICT),
researchers are able to use computer software tools to find, organize,
analyze, and share relevant information. However, there are hundreds of
such tools to select from, for various research-related uses. Nader has
collected over 700 tools that can help researchers do their work efficiently. It
is assembled as an interactive Web-based mind map, titled “Research
Tools”, which is updated periodically.
“Research Tools” consists of a hierarchical set of nodes. It has four main
nodes: (1) Searching the literature, (2) Writing a paper, (3) Targeting
suitable journals, and (4) Enhancing visibility and impact of the research.
Several free tools can be found in the child nodes. In this seminar some
tools and their application in research will be described. The e-skills learned
from the seminar are useful across various research disciplines and
research institutions.
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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Problem statements
The search can be time consuming and sometimes tedious task. How
can make it easier? How do deal with situations such as:
– “I just join as a new postgraduate student and I am not sure how to do a
literature search”
– “I have been in research for some time now but I spend a lot of time to get the
articles I want”
– “I am sure I have downloaded the article but I am not able to find it”
– “I wanted to write a new paper, how can I manage the references in the shortest
possible time?”
– “I have many references, some of my old papers, and some of my current
research. Sometimes, they are so many that I can’t recall where I have kept
them in my folders!”
– ……..
– “I have written an article and I am not able to find a proper Journal”
– "I want to increase the citation of my papers, how do I do?"
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Research Tools Mind Map
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Critical Thinking
The literature review
A literature review ensures that you are at least
familiar with the body of research in your field
before starting your own investigations.
Writing a literature review also provides
practice in critical thinking. Once you have
applied critical thinking skills to the findings of
past researchers, you are in a better position
to apply these same skills to your own work.
UNE. 2009. The literature review [Online]. University of New England. Available:
http://www.une.edu.au/library/eskillsplus/literature/litreview.php [Accessed 25 January 2010].
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Source: https://storify.com/rasmimddesa/critical-thinking-inStrategies to Improve Publication and Increase
Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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education
Unlocking the Mystery of Critical Thinking,
Source: http://www.facultyfocus.com/articles/instructional-design/unlocking-mystery-critical-thinking/
Paul and Elder (2013) recommend asking questions that
hold students accountable for meeting their eight standards
for critical thinking: clarity, accuracy, precision, relevance,
depth, breadth, logic, and fairness, such as: - See more at:
–
–
–
–
–
–
How can you validate the accuracy of this statement/evidence?
How is that information relevant here?
How well does that conclusion handle the complexities of the problem?
What is another interpretation or viewpoint on the issue?
How does this conclusion follow from the data or earlier statements?
How can both these interpretations be true when they lead to such
different conclusions?
– Do you have a vested interest in one position or another?
– How honestly and impartially are you representing the other viewpoints?
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Critical reading
Critical reading is the process of reading that goes
beyond just understanding a text. Critical reading
involves:
–
–
–
–
Carefully considering and evaluating the reading
Identifying the reading's strengths and implications
Identifying the reading's weaknesses and flaws
Looking at the 'big picture' and deciding how the
reading fits into the greater academic context (the
understandings presented in other books and articles
on this topic)
Source: http://owll.massey.ac.nz/study-skills/critical-reading.php
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Critical reading
Critical reading often involves asking questions
about the reading. In particular, you are examining
the strengths and weaknesses of the reading's
argument. To do this, you need to consider:
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
the reading's background
its purpose and overall conclusion (claim)
the evidence used in the reading
the logical connections between the claim and the evidence
the reading's balance
its limitations
how it relates to other sources and research
if the reading is based on research, how this research was conducted
Source: http://owll.massey.ac.nz/study-skills/critical-reading.php
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Some questions that the review of
literature can answer
What are the key sources?
What are the major
issues and debate about
the topic?
What are the key theories
concepts and ideas?
What are the epistemological
and ontological grounds for
the discipline?
Literature search and
review on your topic
What are the main questions
and problems that have been
addressed to date?
What are the political
standpoints?
What are the origins and
definitions of the topic?
How is knowledge on the topic
structured and organized?
How have approaches to these
questions increased our
understanding and knowledge?
Source: http://www.languages.ait.ac.th/EL21LIT.HTML
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Developing a search strategy,
Finding keyword
Source: https://speakerdeck.com/vforrestal/beyond-the-citation-introducing-students-to-scholarly-research-and-writingthrough-strategic-collaboration
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Justify your
research
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The Systematic Review Process
Planning
the review
Systematic
review
Conducting
the review
Reporting
the review
Source: Adapted from Systematic Review
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Planning the review
1. Identification of the need for a
review
2. Development of a review
protocol. (The most important activity during
protocol is to formulate the research question.)
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Conducting the review
1. Identification of research
2. Selection of primary studies
3. Study quality assessment
4. Data extraction & monitoring
5. Data synthesis.
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The literature review process
Source: © Mark Saunders, Philip Lewis, Adrian Thornhill and Martin Jenkins 2003
Research methods for business students / Mark Saunders, Philip Lewis, Adrian Thornhill. —5th ed.
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Effective searching
» Developing a search strategy
» Searching the library catalogue
» Finding journal articles and papers
» Searching the Internet
» Other sources
Source: http://learnline.cdu.edu.au/myresearch/plan/searchstrategy.html
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Developing a search strategy
• » Defining the topic
» Considering the scope of your topic
» Identifying the main or important aspects
» Compiling a list of keywords
» Developing your search strategy
• It is important to develop a search strategy
to, not only, find the information you need
but to also clarify your topic.
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How to Find and Develop a Viable
Research Topic?
Step One: Identify a Topic.
Step Two: Test Your Topic.
Test the main concepts or keywords in your
topic by looking them up in the appropriate
background sources or by using them as
search terms.
If you are finding too much information and too
many sources, narrow your topic by using
the and operator
Finding too little information may indicate that you
need to broaden your topic.
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Get found. Optimize your research
articles for search engines.
Source: http://www.elsevier.com/__data/assets/pdf_file/0017/145052/ECR_SEO_180912.pdf
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Get found. Optimize your research
articles for search engines.
Source: http://www.elsevier.com/__data/assets/pdf_file/0017/145052/ECR_SEO_180912.pdf
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Keywords
Selecting keywords lead to get more
citation.
MeSH (Medical Subject Headings)
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MeSH Tree Structures for
“Genes”
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MASTER KEYWORDS LIST
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Keywords and Keywords Plus®
Authors sometimes provide a list of keywords or terms
that they feel best represent the content of their paper.
These keywords are contained in the ISI record (1991
data forward, depending on the database) for each
article and are searchable. In addition, ISI generates
KeyWords Plus for many articles. KeyWords Plus are
words or phrases that frequently appear in the titles of an
article's references, but do not necessarily appear in the
title of the article itself. KeyWords Plus may be present
for articles that have no author keywords, or may include
important terms not listed among the title, abstract, or
author keywords.
Source: http://wos.isitrial.com/help/helpdefs.html
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KeyWords Plus
Hi there! This issue, we are going to explain how KeyWords Plus
broadens your search. KeyWords Plus is the result of our Thomson
Reuters editorial expertise in Science.
What our editors do is to review the titles of all references and
highlight additional relevant but overlooked keywords that were not
listed by the author or publisher. With KeyWords Plus, you can now
uncover more papers that may not have appeared in your search
due to changes in scientific keywords over time.
Thanks and keep your feedback and questions coming!
Smiles,
Lim Khee Hiang
Ph.D., Principal Consultant
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KeyWords Plus- Example
• New Product Development in Virtual
Environment (ISI Indexed)
• Author Keywords: New product Development;
Virtual teams; Concurrent Collaboration; Review
paper
• KeyWords Plus: DEVELOPMENT TEAMS;
PERFORMANCE; TECHNOLOGY;
KNOWLEDGE; COMMUNICATION;
PERSPECTIVE; INTEGRATION; INNOVATION;
NETWORK; WORKING
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Finding proper articles
Published online 13 October 2010 | Nature | doi:10.1038/news.2010.539
News
To be the best, cite the best
Citation analysis picks out new truth in Newton's aphorism that science 'stands on the shoulders of giants'.
The mass of medium-level
research is less important for
inspiring influential
breakthroughs than the most
highly-cited papers, a citation
study argues.
Source: Corbyn, Z. (2010). To be the best, cite the best. Nature
539. doi: doi:10.1038/news.2010.539
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Research Quality Measures
Three key measures of research impact
are:
1. Quality of the journal – journal rankings,
impact factors
2. Quality of the publication/article = times
cited as found in tools like Web of Science,
Scopus and Google Scholar
3. Personal or departmental measure = hindex
Source: http://guides.library.vu.edu.au/content.php?pid=251876&sid=2079929
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Critically Analyzing Information Sources
1- Initial Appraisal:
Author
Date of Publication
Edition or Revision
Publisher
Title of Journal (Distinguishing Scholarly Journals from other Periodicals)
2- Content Analysis:
Intended Audience
Objective Reasoning
Coverage
Writing Style
Evaluative Reviews
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h-index (Jorge E. Hirsch)
• A scientist has index h if h of [his/her]
Np papers have at least h citations each,
and the other (Np − h) papers have at most
h citations each.
H-index from a plot of decreasing citations for numbered papers
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A scientist has index h if h of his/her Np papers have at least
h citations each, and the other (Np-h) papers have no more than
h citations each.
Source: http://guides.is.uwa.edu.au/content.php?pid=372347&sid=3050052
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Source: Rousseau, Ronald. "New developments related to the Hirsch index." (2006).
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Publish or Perish
Publish or Perish is a free program that retrieves citations
from Google Scholar and allows users to calculate:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Total number of papers
Total number of citations
Average number of citations per paper
Average number of citations per author
Average number of papers per author
Average number of citations per year
Hirsch's h-index and related parameters
The contemporary h-index
The age-weighted citation rate
Two variations of individual h-indices
An analysis of the number of authors per paper
Source: http://guides.library.vu.edu.au/content.php?pid=251876&sid=2079929
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Source: Making Research Count: Analyzing Canadian Academic Publishing Cultures
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Web of Science
• Web of Science® is perhaps the most wellknown tool for determining the number of
times a publication has been cited.
• Web of Science® is made up of three citation
indexes owned by Thomson Scientific:
– Science Citation Index ®
– Social Sciences Citation Index ®
– Arts & Humanities Citation Index ®.
Source: http://guides.library.vu.edu.au/content.php?pid=251876&sid=2079929
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Evaluate a paper/journal quality
&
Do an effective literature search
Paper/journal quality
• Another guide to paper/journal quality is
the general reputation of the association,
society, or organization publishing the
journal.
• Leading professional associations such as
American Psychological Association (APA)
or the Institute of Electrical and Electronics
Engineers (IEEE) publish a range of
journals that are highly regarded.
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Web application to calculate the
single publication h index
The single publication h index has been introduced by Schubert (2009) as the hindex calculated from the list of citing publications of one single publication.
Source: http://labs.dbs.uni-leipzig.de/gsh/
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For More Info.
How to do an Effective
Literature Search?
Application Training Module Series I
by Customer Education Team
ts.training.asia@thomson.com
Stop Searching, Start Discovering
The Institute for Scientific Information (ISI)
•
The Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) was founded by Eugene
Garfield in 1960. It was acquired by Thomson Scientific & Healthcare in
1992, became known as Thomson ISI and now is part of the Healthcare &
Science business of the multi-billion dollar Thomson Reuters Corporation.
•
ISI offered bibliographic database services. Its speciality: citation indexing
and analysis, a field pioneered by Garfield. It maintains citation databases
covering thousands of academic journals, including a continuation of its long
time print-based indexing service the Science Citation Index (SCI), as well
as the Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI), and the Arts and Humanities
Citation Index (AHCI). All of these are available via ISI's Web of Knowledge
database service.
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Thomson Reuters (formerly ISI) has been the
authority on citation data for over 50 years.
Science Citation
Index
1960
1965
1970
WOK 4.0
Arts &
Humanities
Citation Index
Social
Sciences
Citation
Index
1975
1980
ISI Web of
Knowledge
1985
1990
1995
2000
2005
2007
2008
SciSearch
PC-based citation sets
Custom citation projects
and national indicators mainframe
Essential
Science
Indicators
PC-based Indicators
for journals, nations,
institutions
Century of
Science TS Innovation
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Eugene Garfield, Ph.D.
Founder & Chairman Emeritus
Institute for Scientific Information (ISI)
For more Info
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The Institute for Scientific Information (ISI)
•
The ISI also publishes annual Journal Citation Reports which list an impact
factor for each of the journals that it tracks. Within the scientific community,
journal impact factors play a large but controversial role in determining the
kudos attached to a scientist's published research record.
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Impact Factor
• The most commonly used measure of
journal quality is Impact Factor. This is a
number which attempts to measure the
impact of a journal in terms of its influence
on the academic community. Impact
Factors are published by Thomson-ISI
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Source: How to Write Great Papers From title to references From submission to acceptance (2012) By: Anthony Newman, Publisher, Elsevier, Amsterdam
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Impact Factor-Journal Ranking
• Relative impact factors are often a better guide to the
importance of a journal than raw numbers. JCR allows you to
compare the impact factors of different journals in the same
subject area
• The Economic History Review has an impact factor of 1.051.
At first glance, it would appear that this journal is relatively
unimportant. In fact, it is arguably the premier Englishlanguage journal in its field (its major competitor, the Journal
of Economic History Review, has an even lower impact factor:
a mere 0.529!). Far more illuminating is the journal's relatively
high impact factor compared to other journals in the history of
the social sciences. Economic History Review ranks first out
of 15 journals in the Thomson-ISI's list of journals in this subdiscipline.
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Source: How to Write Great Papers From title to references From submission to acceptance (2012) By: Anthony Newman, Publisher, Elsevier, Amsterdam
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What are journal impact factors?
Impact factors are a measure of the "quality" of a journal - they identify
the most frequently cited journals in a field.
Impact factors can be used to:
identify journals in which to publish
identify journals relevant to your research
confirm the status of journals in which you have published
The Impact factor formula
The impact factor of a journal is based on the average number of times
that articles published in that journal in the two previous years (e.g.
2008 and 2009) were cited in the subsequent year (i.e. 2010). This is
calculated using the following formula:
=
Cites in 2010 to items published in 2008 and 2009
Number of items published in 2008 and 2009
If an impact factor is lower than 1.0 that means there were more articles
published in the journal than there were cites to those articles in any
given year.
Source: http://guides.library.vu.edu.au/content.php?pid=251876&sid=2437240
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Be aware that...
• Many journals do not have an impact
factor (sources other than JCR need to be
consulted).
• The impact factor cannot assess the
quality of individual articles.
• Only research articles, technical notes and
reviews are “citable” items. Editorials,
letters, news items and meeting abstracts
are “non-citable items”.
Source: http://guides.library.vu.edu.au/content.php?pid=251876&sid=2437240
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PRODUCTION RESEARCH
Impact Factor in 2008
Cites in 2008 to
Number of items
2007 = 144
2007 = 278
items published in:
published in:
2006 = 280
2006 = 270
Sum:
424
Sum:
548
Calculation:
Cites to recent items
Number of recent items
424 =
548
0.774
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Impact
Factor
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Total Cites
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Keeping up-to-date (Alert system)
Keeping up-to-date
Alert services are an effective
means of keeping track of the
latest research.
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What is an alert service?
• Many journal databases and book publishers offer free alert
services. These are an effective means of keeping track of the
latest research.
• Alert services come in different forms. The most common
include:
– a search alert. This is a saved search which alerts you when a
book or article that matches your search terms is published.
– a TOC (Table of Contents) alert. Such an alert notifies you when
a new issue of a journal is published, and provides you with the
issue's table of contents.
– a citation alert. This advises you when a new article cites a
particular work.
– Most alert services are email-based. An increasing number are
now offered as an RSS feed. If you are just beginning, you might
like to try email alerts first. These are generally easier to create.
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Why subscribe to an alert service?
There is often a time delay between the point when a new article
is published in a journal and it is indexed by one of the
database services. Alert services will automatically keep you
informed of new journal issues and articles on your topic or
research interest when new relevant material is made
available. Many of the large online research databases
provide an automated alerting service.
Before using any current awareness services you should review
the literature to establish a clear awareness of the topic that
you would like to be kept up-to-date with on a regular basis. In
this way you will increase the relevancy of the alerts you
receive to your area of research. You can receive automated
updates of newly published journal articles via email alert or
via RSS Feed.
Source: http://www.library.nuigalway.ie/support/supportforresearchers/literaturereview/keepingup-to-date/
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Keeping up-to-date
Create a Google Alert
• Enter the topic you wish to monitor.
• Search terms:
• Type:
• How often:
• Email length:
• Your email:
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Example - 1
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
From: Google Scholar Alerts [mailto:scholaralertsnoreply@google.com]
Sent: 2011/02/01 06:21 ‫ظ‬.‫ق‬
Subject: Scholar Alert - [ Virtual Teams: A "Literature Review"
+ ebrahim ]
•
Doctoral dissertation for the degree
of Doctor of Science in Technology to
be presented with due permission of
the School of Science for public
examination and debate in
Auditorium T2 at the Aalto University
School of Science (Espoo, Finland) on
the 4th of February 2011 at 12 noon.
•
•
•
Aalto University
School of Science
Department of Media Technology
Scholar Alert: [ Virtual Teams: A "Literature Review" +
ebrahim ]
[PDF] How to Conduct a Literature
NA Ebrahim
... Page 10. Narrow the area of research ©2011 Nader Ale
Ebrahim SMEs NPD Virtual Teams R&D
R&D and NPD SMEs and Virtual Teams R&D and Distributed
Teams SMEs and R&D Focus of
the literature Review SMEs, Virtual R&D teams and NPD
NPD and Virtuality ...
[PDF] Web Application User Interface Technologies
M Pohja
... are 7 Page 28. Introduction discussed in the next section of
this thesis. Finally, web
servers may sup- port virtual hosting, content compression
and other things that
may help manage client-server communication. Application ...
This Google Scholar Alert is brought to you by Google.
Cancel alert
List alerts
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Example - 2
Document Citation Alert: 2 new results
Document Citation Alert for:
Ebrahim, N.A., Ahmed, S., Taha, Z.
Innovation and R&D activities in virtual team
(2009) European Journal of Scientific Research, 34 (3) pp. 297-307. Cited 2 times.
Access all new results in Scopus for this Document Citation Alert.
In the table below, you can see the 2 new results for this Document Citation Alert.
Results: 2
1. A collaborative model of engineering education for complex global environments
Qiu, R.G., 2010, Proceedings - Frontiers in Education Conference, FIE, art. no. 5673356, pp. S3J1-S3J5.
2. University role in the development of future high-tech engineers
Ilas, M., 2010, 2010 IEEE 16th International Symposium for Design and Technology of Electronics Packages, SIITME 2010, art. no.
5650869, pp. 327-330.
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Search Alert: 2 new results
Access all new results in Scopus for: AU-ID("Ebrahim, Nader Ale" 22974706300) AND (LIMIT-TO(AU-ID, "Ahmed,
Shamsuddin" 35241743000)).
In the table below, you can see the 2 new results for this Search Alert.
Results: 2
Document
Author(s)
Critical factors for new product developments Ebrahim, N.A.,
Ahmed, S., Taha, Z.
in SMEs virtual team
1.
Virtual R&D teams and SMEs growth: A
2.comparative study between Iranian and
Malaysian SMEs
Ebrahim, N.A.,
Ahmed, S., Taha, Z.
Date Source title
Citations
African Journal of
Business
2010
Management,
4 (11) pp. 2247-2257.
African Journal of
Business
2010
Management,
4 (11) pp. 2368-2379.
0
0
Access all new results in Scopus for: AU-ID("Ebrahim, Nader Ale" 22974706300) AND (LIMIT-TO(AU-ID, "Ahmed,
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Strategies
to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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Virtual R&D Teams for NPD in SMEs
ALE EBRAHIM, N., AHMED, S. & TAHA, Z. (2008). Virtual R&D Teams for NPD in SMEs: Past, Present and
Future Trend. In: APCMOTTE2008 (Asia pacific Conference ...
www.wepapers.com/.../Virtual_R&D_Teams_for_NPD_in_SM...
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Keeping up-to-date
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86
Mind mapping tools
Ideas
Mind
Map
Relationships
Between
Information
Concepts
Source: Mind Map Tools, By:Seyyed Ali Fattahi Computer PhD Candidate FTSM UKM
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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Mind Map Tools
Source: Mind Map Tools, By:Seyyed Ali Fattahi Computer PhD Candidate FTSM UKM
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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Example: MinDomo
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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Structure & planning your
writing - MindMaps
MindMaps are a visual map to link and organise key concepts of your
research. They also show links and relationships between ideas.
Sometimes it is a good idea to number key ideas in the order that
you are going to place them in your literature review.
Example
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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Example of a MindMap
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
Source: Creswell, J. W. (2012). Educational research: Planning, Conducting, and Evaluating Quantitative and Qualitative Research (4th ed. ed.). Boston: Pearson Education, Inc.
94
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
Source: Creswell, J. W. (2012). Educational research: Planning, Conducting, and Evaluating Quantitative and Qualitative Research (4th ed. ed.). Boston: Pearson Education, Inc.
95
Source: Ross' PhD Literature Review Mind Map
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Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
Source: http://www.wordsinspace.net/course_material/MatternLiteratureReviewTips.pdf
97
How to Read a Paper
THE THREE-PASS APPROACH
1-The first pass
The first pass is a quick scan to get a bird’s-eye view of the
paper. You can also decide whether you need to do any
more passes. This pass should take about five to ten
minutes and consists of the following steps:
1. Carefully read the title, abstract, and introduction
2. Read the section and sub-section headings, but ignore
everything else
3. Read the conclusions
4. Glance over the references, mentally ticking off the ones you’ve
already read.
Source: Keshav, S. (2007). How to read a paper. ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review, 37(3), 83-84.
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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THE THREE-PASS APPROACH
1- The second pass
In the second pass, read the paper with greater care, but
ignore details such as proofs. It helps to jot down the key
points, or to make comments in the margins, as you
read. The second pass should take up to an hour. You
should be able to summarize the main idea of the paper,
with supporting evidence, to someone else.
1. Look carefully at the figures, diagrams and other illustrations in
the paper. Pay special attention to graphs.
2. Remember to mark relevant unread references for further
reading (this is a good way to learn more about the background
of the paper).
Source: Keshav, S. (2007). How to read a paper. ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review, 37(3), 83-84.
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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THE THREE-PASS APPROACH
1- The third pass
To fully understand a paper, particularly if you are reviewer,
requires a third pass. The key to the third pass is to
attempt to virtually re-implement the paper: that is,
making the same assumptions as the authors, re-create
the work. By comparing this re-creation with the actual
paper, you can easily identify not only a paper’s
innovations, but also its hidden failings and assumptions.
This pass can take about four or five hours for beginners,
and about an hour for an experienced reader.
Source: Keshav, S. (2007). How to read a paper. ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review, 37(3), 83-84.
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End of Part 1
Thank you!
Nader Ale Ebrahim, PhD
=====================================
www.researcherid.com/rid/C-2414-2009
http://scholar.google.com/citations
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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One-day workshop on:
Strategies To Improve Publication and
Increase Citation – Part 2
Available online at:
http://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.1155166
Nader Ale Ebrahim, PhD
=====================================
www.researcherid.com/rid/C-2414-2009
http://scholar.google.com/citations
Outline
1. Summary of part 1
2. Indexing desktop search tool
3. The paraphrasing & editing tool
4. Avoid plagiarism
5. Organize the references (Reference management)
tool
6. Getting published
7. Target suitable journal
8. Promote your publication to get more citation
9. Q&A
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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Indexing desktop search tool
dtSearch
Google Desktop
Windows Search
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Search Request: Questionnaire design
Total files: 259
Total hits: 1,852
Front_Cover.PDF
Hits: 8
Location: D:\Nader\UM\UM\Useful articles\Other Information\Doctorate
SG\Methods\Front_Cover.PDF
Size: 242,702 Last modified: 7/9/2012
[Page 1 Paragraph 27]
a standard form on which facts, comments
and attitudes can be recorded, and facilitate data processing.
This new edition of Questionnaire Design explains the role of
questionnaires in market research,
and looks at different types of questionnaire and when and how they
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The paraphrasing & editing tool
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WhiteSmoke Writer
Ginger Proofreader
Microsoft Word
Google Docs
Office Live
Adobe Acrobat Professional
DropBox
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Avoid plagiarism
Meta Data
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Penalty for Plagiarism
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The COSMO-RS method is an advanced method for the quantitative calculation of
solvation mixture thermodynamics based on quantum chemistry. It was developed by
Andreas Klamt and is distributed as the software COSMOtherm by his company
COSMOlogic (as well as in the form of several remakes by others).
Some Nigerian researchers have used the software (without a license) and report a
tremendously and completely unbelievably good correlation (r²=0.992) between the
predicted results and experimental data for the logKow (octanol water partition
coefficient) of ionic liquids.
Source : http://scholarlyoa.com/2013/10/24/more-bad-science-in-predatory-oa-journals/
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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Penalty for Plagiarism
Outside of academia the problem of plagiarism continues to
generate headlines and scandals for politicians. In
Germany, two prominent cabinet members have been
forced to step down due to allegations of plagiarism in their
doctoral dissertations. Meanwhile, in Canada, the head of
the nation’s largest school district was forced to resign in
the face of plagiarism allegations, and plagiarism scandals
have also embroiled a senator in the Philippines, the prime
minister of Romania, and several members of the Russian
Duma.
Source: J. Bailey. "Defending Against Plagiarism, Publishers need to be proactive about detecting and deterring copied text.," 26
November; http://www.the-scientist.com/?articles.view/articleNo/35677/title/Defending-Against-Plagiarism/.
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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PubPeer strikes again: Leukemia paper
retracted for image duplications
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127
We use plagiarism Detection
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How do I avoid plagiarism?
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
only hand in your own and original work.
indicate precisely and accurately when you have used information provided by
someone else, i.e. referencing must be done in accordance with a recognised
system.
indicate whether you have downloaded information from the Internet.
never use someone else’s electronic storage media, artwork, pictures or graphics as
if it were your own.
never copy directly without crediting the source
do not translate without crediting the source
do not paraphrase someone else’s work without crediting the source
do not piece together sections of the work of others into a new whole
do not resubmit your own or other’s previously graded work
do not commit collusion (unauthorised collaboration, presenting work as one’s own
independent work, when it has been produced in whole or in part in collusion with
other people)
ghost-writing – you should not make use of ghost writers or professional agencies in
the production of your work or submit material which has been written on your behalf
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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10 Major source of plagiarism
1. Replication: Submitting a paper to multiple publications in an attempt to get it published
more than once
2. Duplication: Re-using work from one’s own previous studies and papers without attribution
3. Secondary Source: Using a secondary source, but only citing the primary sources
contained within the secondary one
4. Misleading Attribution: Removing an author’s name, despite significant contributions; an
inaccurate or insufficient list of authors who contributed to a manuscript
5. Invalid Source: Referencing either an incorrect or nonexistent source
6. Paraphrasing: Taking the words of another and using them alongside original text without
attribution
7. Repetitive Research: Repeating data or text from a similar study with a similar
methodology in a new study without proper attribution
8. Unethical Collaboration: Accidentally or intentionally use each other’s written work
without proper attribution; when people who are working together violate a code of conduct
9. Verbatim: copying of another’s words and works without providing proper attribution,
indentation or quotation marks
10. Complete: Taking a manuscript from another researcher and resubmitting it under one’s
own name
Source: .iThenticate (2013) SURVEY SUMMARY | Research Ethics: Decoding Plagiarism and Attribution in Research
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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Least Common Forms of Plagiarism and
Attribution Issues in Research
Source: .iThenticate (2013) SURVEY SUMMARY | Research Ethics: Decoding Plagiarism and Attribution in Research
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Organize the references
(Reference management) tool
Writing a Tesis/Paper: Traditional way
Source: flickr/toennessen
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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Use a reference management tool!
article
article
article
article
Your article
citations
book
book
EndNoteWeb
Mendeley
Etc.
conference
conference
paper
conference
paper
paper
reference list/bibliography
Source: Managing References: Mendeley By: HINARI Access to Research in Health
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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EndNote
• EndNote is an almost
indispensible tool for the
serious researcher. And best
of all, its free to all UM
postgraduates!
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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Why use EndNote?
• EndNote allows you to create your own
reference library. This library can be used
to store the bibliographical details relating
to the articles and books that you use.
When it comes time to write your thesis,
you can employ the library to insert
references into your text and produce your
bibliography. EndNote will save you
hundreds of hours over the course of your
research.
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Why EndNote Web?
EndNote Web can help you to manage
your references in a simple two-steps
process …
• Step 1: Manage references
– Collect references
– Organize, share and collaborate
• Step 2: Format references
– Cite references while writing (Cite While You
Write)
– Get reference list generated automatically
– Change the reference style in few clicks!
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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How to start?
Here are the simple steps to make your
writing experience a happier one …
1. Create a free EndNote Web account
2. Collect references from Web of Science and various
databases
3. Manage, organize and share references
4. Download and installing the “Cite While You Write” Plug-in
(only do it once!)
5. Inserting your references and be a happy writer!
… because references are automatically generated and you
can change the style with just few clicks!
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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Export to EndNote
ScienceDirect (Elsevier) allows you to check your desired citations, then click on the
“Export Citations” link…
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… then you select which pieces of information you really want in your EndNote database,
using the radio buttons, then click on the “Export” button to bring up the dialog box we
have seen before to transfer the temporary file into EndNote
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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Getting published
Paper Structure
• Title
• Affiliation
• Abstract
• Keywords
• Nomenclatures
• Introduction
• Materials and methods
• Results and Discussions
• Conclusions
• References
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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We often write in the following order:
Figures and Tables
Materials and Methods
Results and Discussion
Conclusions
Introduction
Abstract and Title
Source: How to Write a World Class Paper, From title to references, From submission to revision Forum Scientum Workshop ,2011-8-22
Presented By: Anthony P F Turner and Alice Tang Turner Editor-In-Chief and Managing Editor, Biosensors & Bioelectronics
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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HOW TO WRITE/EDIT
SCIENTIFIC PAPERS
(I) MINDSET, (II) CONCEPTS, AND (III) LOGIC
I. Right mindset for writing
“State your facts as simply as possible,
even boldly. No one wants flowers of
eloquence or literary ornaments in a
research article.”
-R.B. McKerrow (Well-known British editor
& educator 1882-1940)
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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Example
• Ok: It is clear that factor A up-regulates
the pathway.
• Better: Factor A clearly up-regulates the
pathway.
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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II. Modern writing concepts
1. Styles
2. Use “We”
3. Use active voice
4. Avoid vague IT, THERE, THIS/THAT
5. Avoid long sentence
6. Write a strong sentence core
7. One message per paragraph
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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1. Styles
• BOG—Business or Government style,
the more traditional style
• CLEAR—Clear Easy Reading, the more
modern style
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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Example
• BOG: It is anticipated that an annual
training rate of 100 employees will be
achieved by the time the program is fully
operational.
• CLEAR: When the program is operating
at full capacity, we expect to train 100
people per year.
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2. Use ‘We”
We-sentence is a more-modern style, reads
more interesting, and communicates with the
reader more directly.
– We report …
– We speculate …
– We generated …
– We measured …
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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We-sentences appear in many
leading journals
• In this report, we define a mechanism for
… and discover distinct roles for … We
use … assays to … We demonstrate that
… We provide evidence that … (Science)
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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3. Use active voice
• Active voice is more informative, clearer, and
more reader-friendly than passive voice.
– The results indicate …
– Table 1 shows …
– Recent studies have reported …
– Zhang and coworkers have suggested …
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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Example
• Bad: Twelve soil samples of 4 agricultural
areas were investigated for…, and the
co-relationships between … were
analyzed.
• Good: We investigated 12 soil samples
of 4 agricultural areas for …, and
analyzed the co-relationships between …
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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Iyn dupré writes: (The author of Bugs in
writing: A guide to debugging your prose)
“If you want to learn only one technique
to improve your writing substantially, you
should learn to avoid using passive
voice.”
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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4. Avoid vague IT, THERE, and
THIS/THAT
• IT is unknown.
• THERE is no where.
• THIS/THAT could be anything.
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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It is old style
1. Old style: It is likely that it will rain soon.
• Modern style: It will rain soon.
2. Old style: It should be borne in mind
that the current research has imitations.
• Modern style: The current research has
limitations.
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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III. Logic issues
1. Logic flow
2. Connection
3. Parallelism
4. Redundancy
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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1. Use transitional words to promote logic flow
•
•
•
•
•
•
Also, and, again, further, furthermore
First, then, second, next, lastly
Soon, after, previously, meanwhile
But, yet, still, instead,
In short, in other words,
Similarly, consequently, accordingly
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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2. Connection of clauses
1. Compound (and, but)
2. Cause/effect (as, because, for, so, )
3. In between (semicolon)
4. Condition (if, whether, when)
5. Concession (Although, even if, whatever)
6. Result (so that)
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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Example
She has a fever, and she
probably has an infection.
Incorrect:
She has a fever; she
probably has an infection
Correct:
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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3. Parallelism
1. Verb
2. Subject
3. Similar parts in a sentence
4. Meaning
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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Verb
• Incorrect: She swims, plays basketball,
and was running bicycles.
• Correct: She swims, plays basketball, and
runs bicycles.
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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Subject
Incorrect: The ignition was tested, an
examination of the belts was carried out,
and the levels of the lubricants were
checked.
Correct: The ignition was tested, the belts
were examined, and the lubricant levels
were checked.
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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Other parts
• Not only, but also
Bad: The plant is not only capable of growing on high-salt soils, but
also accumulating concentrations of salts.
– Good: The plant is not only capable of growing on
high-salt soils, but also capable of accumulating
concentrations of salts.
– Better: The plant is capable of not only growing on
high-salt soils, but also accumulating concentrations
of salts.
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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4. Redundancy
• Most-commonly seen problems in nonEnglish speaking writers
– Wording repetition
– Sentencing repetition
– Meaning repetition
– Wordy
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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Wording
1. Bad: These
differences grew smaller, and
they finally faded out after a stimulation of
3 min.
These differences grew smaller and
finally faded out after a stimulation of 3
min.
• Good:
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
171
(Cont.)
2. Bad: The result indicates that this
assumption can be considered
reasonable in some sense.
• Good: The result indicates that this
assumption may be reasonable.
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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Meaning
1. Bad: A method to evaluate this effect, rather than
to assume subjectively, was proposed.
• Good: A method to evaluate this effect was
proposed.
2. Bad: As a rule, the temperature was generally
adjusted to the room temperature.
• Good: As a rule, the temperature was adjusted to
the room temperature
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
173
Writing your literature review
Writing your literature review takes time. You may need to
complete several drafts before your final copy. It is
important to have a good introduction that clearly tells
the reader what the literature will be about.
An introduction must tell the reader the following:
– what you are going to cover in the review
– the scope of your research
– how the review ties in with your own research topic.
Source: https://www.dlsweb.rmit.edu.au/lsu/content/2_AssessmentTasks/assess_tuts/lit_review_LL/writing.html
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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Introduction
This is a good example of an introduction because it has a
topic sentence which indicates what will be covered and
also tells the reader the specific focus of the literature
review in the concluding sentence.
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Paragraphs
A paragraph is a group of connected sentences that develop a single
point, argument or idea. Paragraphs need to link to other
paragraphs so that the themes, arguments or ideas developed are
part of a coherent whole rather than separate bits.
A paragraph should include:
– a main statement / idea that you are putting forward, ie topic
sentence
– evidence from research to support / argue your idea, showing
where the writers agree and / or disagree
– student analysis of the research literature where appropriate
– summing up and linking to the next idea (paragraph).
In the literature review, you will need to show evidence of integrating
your readings into each paragraph and analysis of the readings
where necessary.
Source: https://www.dlsweb.rmit.edu.au/lsu/content/2_AssessmentTasks/assess_tuts/lit_review_LL/writing.html
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
176
Integrating arguments in paragraphs
Integration of multiple sources
To develop an integrated argument from multiple sources, you need to
link your arguments together. The model below is a guide.
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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Integrating arguments in paragraphs
Integration of student analysis
It is important to integrate your analysis and interpretation of the literature in your
literature review. Read the following paragraph and see how the arguments have
been integrated into the paragraph along with student analysis. Analysis is not just
student opinion, it needs to be supported by the literature.
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
Source: https://www.dlsweb.rmit.edu.au/lsu/content/2_AssessmentTasks/assess_tuts/lit_review_LL/integration.html
178
Example analysis of an abstract
Source: http://www.uq.edu.au/student-services/learning/general-writing-tips
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
179
Example analysis of a body
paragraph
Source: http://www.uq.edu.au/student-services/learning/general-writing-tips
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Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
181
Verbs for referencing
To incorporate quotations / references into a literature
review, you can use a variety of verbs. These verbs are
often used with prepositions, eg that, by, on. It is poor
writing to use the same ones all the time, eg says that,
states that. Verbs also allow the writer to indicate the
degree to which they support the author of the research,
eg claims that versus argues that. The following verbs
(and prepositions) can be used to introduce references
into your literature review. Please note that they can be
used in different tenses.
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International Committee of Medical
Journal Editors
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Before submission, follow EASE
Guidelines for Authors and Translators,
freely available in many
languages at www.ease.org.uk/publicatio
ns/author-guidelines. Adherence should
increase the chances of acceptance of
submitted manuscripts.
Guidelines translations:
Arabic
Bangla
Bosnian
Chinese
Croatian
Czech
Estonian
French
Hungarian
Italian
Japanese
Korean
Persian
Polish
Portuguese-Brazilian
Romanian
Russian
Spanish
Turkish
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How to... write an abstract
What is an abstract?
A definition
An abstract is a succinct summary of a longer piece of work, usually academic
in nature, which is published in isolation from the main text and should
therefore stand on its own and be understandable without reference to the
longer piece. It should report the latter's essential facts, and should not
exaggerate or contain material that is not there.
Its purpose is to act as a reference tool (for example in a library abstracting
service), enabling the reader to decide whether or not to read the full text.
Source: http://www.emeraldinsight.com/authors/guides/write/abstracts.htm?part=1#2
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Abstract
Abstract should not exceed 300 words (without reference).
Abstract must include following sections:
Problem Statement: This section should include answers of the questions:
• Why was research needed?.
• What was the context of the work?.
• Introduce the problem or provide background for what you will address.
Approach:
• What did you do and how did you go about solving or making progress on the problem.
• Describe the method of research, study, or analysis applied to the problem.
Results:
• What results did you get?
• State what you found and relate it to the problem.
• Summarize the major results in numbers, avoid vague, hand waving results such as “very
small” or “significant”.
Conclusions/Recommendations:
• What are the implications of your answer?
• State the relevance, implications, or significance of the results or conclusions, to the
business.
• Significance of work is often implied by the recommendations or implications for future
work.
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A Structured Abstract
Purpose of this paper
What are the reason(s) for writing the paper or the aims of the research?
How are the objectives achieved? Include the main method(s) used for the
research. What is the approach to the topic and what is the theoretical or
subject scope of the paper?
What was found in the course of the work? This will refer to analysis,
Findings
discussion, or results.
Research
If research is reported on in the paper this section must be completed and
limitations/implications (if should include suggestions for future research and any identified
applicable)
limitations in the research process.
What outcomes and implications for practice, applications and
Practical implications
consequences are identified? Not all papers will have practical implications
(if applicable)
but most will. What changes to practice should be made as a result of this
research/paper?
Design/methodology/
approach
Social Implications (if
applicable)
What will be the impact on society of this research? How will it influence
public attitudes? How will it influence (corporate) social responsibility or
environmental issues? How could it inform public or industry policy? How
might it affect quality of life?
What is original/value of
What is
new in the
paper? Citation
State the
value
theAle
paper
and to whom.188
Strategies to Improve
Publication
and Increase
©2015
By:of
Nader
Ebrahim
paper
Examples
•
•
•
•
•
•
Example 1
Example 2
Example 3
Example 4
Example 5
Example 6
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
189
Literature review
MOHAMMADJAFARI, M., AHMED, S., DAWAL, S. Z. M. & ZAYANDEHROODI, H. 2011(Article in press). The Importance of Project Management in SMEs for the Development of New
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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Products through E-Collaboration. African Journal of Business Management.
FIXSON, S. 2007. Modularity and commonality research: past developments and future opportunities. Concurrent Engineering, 15, 85.
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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Choose a category for the paper
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Research paper. This category covers papers which report on any type of research undertaken
by the author(s). The research may involve the construction or testing of a model or framework,
action research, testing of data, market research or surveys, empirical, scientific or clinical
research.
Viewpoint. Any paper, where content is dependent on the author's opinion and interpretation,
should be included in this category; this also includes journalistic pieces.
Technical paper. Describes and evaluates technical products, processes or services.
Conceptual paper. These papers will not be based on research but will develop hypotheses. The
papers are likely to be discursive and will cover philosophical discussions and comparative
studies of others' work and thinking.
Case study. Case studies describe actual interventions or experiences within organizations.
They may well be subjective and will not generally report on research. A description of a legal
case or a hypothetical case study used as a teaching exercise would also fit into this category.
Literature review. It is expected that all types of paper cite any relevant literature so this
category should only be used if the main purpose of the paper is to annotate and/or critique the
literature in a particular subject area. It may be a selective bibliography providing advice on
information sources or it may be comprehensive in that the paper's aim is to cover the main
contributors to the development of a topic and explore their different views.
General review. This category covers those papers which provide an overview or historical
examination of some concept, technique or phenomenon. The papers are likely to be more
descriptive or instructional ("how to" papers) than discursive
Source: http://www.emeraldinsight.com/authors/guides/write/abstracts.htm?part=1#2
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Acceptance Procedure
Source: http://rmimr.wordpress.com/category/quality-measures/citation-impact/
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Source: How to Write Great Papers. From title to references. From submission to acceptance. Presented by: Anthony Newman. Publisher,. Elsevier,
Amsterdam
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The following graphic illustrates the stages illustrates the process, together with
some statistics, for Emerald's journal International Journal of Service Industry
Management (kindly supplied by the editor, Robert Johnston).
Source: http://www.emeraldinsight.com/authors/guides/promote/review.htm
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Gholizadeh, Hossein, Noor Azuan Abu Osman, Arezoo Eshraghi, Sadeeq Ali, and Elham Sadat Yahyavi. "Satisfaction and problems experienced with transfemoral suspension systems: a comparison
between common suction socket and Seal-In liner." Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation (2012).
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Peer review process
flowchart
Source: http://www.elsevier.com/reviewers/reviewer-guidelines
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Acceptance Procedure
• Editor-in-Chief tests the manuscript according to the several criteria
of subject scope, style, apparent technical validity, topical
importance, relationship to prior publication, conciseness,
appropriate references, and length. Papers that vary widely from the
prescribed archival style (those written as speeches, ill-defined
manuscripts, progress reports or news releases, or those strongly
flavoured with advertising) will not be considered for publication.
• Associate Editor (Editor) evaluates the paper according to the
same criteria and, in most cases, has the paper sent to one or more
reviewers in the field (usually two) for confidential review. The
Associate Editor may, however, at his or her discretion, accept the
paper without review, reject it giving explicit reason, or request that
the author prepare it in a different format.
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Example (Source: Industrial Management & Data Systems)
The reviewing process
Each paper is reviewed by the editor and, if it is judged suitable for the publication, it is then sent to
two referees for double blind peer review. Based on their recommendations, the Editor then
decides whether the paper should be accepted as is, revised or rejected. The Editor may,
however, vary this process in some circumstances.
Copyright
Articles submitted to the journal should not have been published before in their current or substantially
similar form, or be under consideration for publication with another journal. Please see Emerald's
originality guidelines for details. Use this in conjunction with the points below about references,
before submission i.e. always attribute clearly using either indented text or quote marks as well as
making use of the preferred Harvard style of formatting. Authors submitting articles for publication
warrant that the work is not an infringement of any existing copyright and will indemnify the
publisher against any breach of such warranty. For ease of dissemination and to ensure proper
policing of use, papers and contributions become the legal copyright of the publisher unless
otherwise agreed.
The editor may make use of iThenticate software for checking the originality of submissions received.
Please see our press release for further details.
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Retraction Watch
Two cancer papers retracted because
authors “are unable to guarantee the
accuracy of some of the figures”
UK researcher who faked data gets
three months in jail
Retraction 12 appears for Alirio
Melendez, this one for plagiarism
Source: http://retractionwatch.com/2014/07/14/taiwans-education-minister-resigns-in-wake-of-sage-peer-review-scandal/
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Source: Van Noorden R. . Science publishing: the trouble with retractions. Nature 2011;478:26–8
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Similarity score
The similarity score indicates how similar
this paper is to other papers, with values
ranging from 0 (no similarities) to 100
(completely the same). High scores, e.g.,
above 30, may indicate that parts of the
paper have been copied from elsewhere.
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High similarity rate
Dear Dr ……………….,
Thanks for your effective work. We also finish the Cross Checking work here.
We found four papers (your Nos. 1, 2, 3 and 4 ) could not arrive our
standards, e.g. the similarity rate is very high, which means these papers
have duplicated or salami-slicing, self-plagiarism problem. We can't accept
these. When you see the attached reports, you will understand us here.
………………………..
…………….
Thanks.
Best wishes,
?????
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Check plagiarism first
• Example 1 (Text with references)
• Example 2 (Text without references)
• Example 3 (Text with references-Checked
with Turnitin)
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Acceptance Procedure Con.
• Reviewer is asked to judge the technical validity of the manuscript
and the extent of its advance over work previously published. The
reviewer is asked also for advice as to whether the paper merits
publication in the journal. However, the decision to publish, to
require major revision before publication, or to reject for reasons
cited lies first with the Associate Editor and ultimately with the Editorin-Chief.
• Editorial Decision to Accept or Reject - The Editors will inform the
author of their decision (acceptance, conditional acceptance, or
rejection). In the case of rejection, the author will be given specific
reasons related to the criteria. In the case of conditional acceptance,
the required revisions will be clearly indicated. On some occasions,
the Editors may anticipate a need for further reviews after revision; if
so, the author will be notified.
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What are the criteria by which the
paper will be judged?
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Is the subject appropriate to the editorial aims and scope of the journal?
Originality: does the article say something original, does it add to the body of knowledge, etc.? If a case study, is
this its first use?
Research methodology: most journals are concerned about this, as would be expected for an academic publisher.
Is the research design, methodology, theoretical approach, critical review, etc. sound? Are the results well
presented, do they correlate to the theory, and have they been correctly interpreted? Is the analysis sufficiently
rigourous?
Is the paper set in the context of the wider literature, are there sufficient relevant citings, are these well referenced
and are other people's views credited?
Is the paper accurate, is any information missing or wrong?
Is the structure logical, is the sequence of the material appropriate, is there a good introduction and are the
summary and conclusions adequate?
Does the title of the article accurately reflect its content?
How useful would the article be to a practitioner, is it a useful example of "good practice"? Could the study be
replicated in other situations?
Is the material clearly presented, readable? Are graphs and tables used to good effect? Is the level of detail
appropriate? Is the use of terminology appropriate to the readership?
Is the perspective appropriate for an international audience?
Questions of format: are the abstract, keywords etc. appropriate?
Is it an appropriate length (note: many journals will stipulate length requirements in their author guidelines)?
Source: http://www.emeraldinsight.com/authors/guides/promote/review.htm
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Reviewer
□ Compatibility with the journal
topics
□ Scientific level
□ The clear answers to the
questions:
- What is the problem?
- What is done by other people?
- What the author did?
- What is new?
- What is the author
contribution?
□ Organization of the paper:
- problem statements,
- application area,
- research course,
- methods used,
- results,
- further research,
- interest in cooperation,
- acknowledgements,
- references
□ Language:
- spelling,
- style,
- grammar
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Some General Rule for Reviewers
• Almost 90% of the journal follow these
rules. so, you check yourself how your
paper is before you send it out.
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Acceptance Procedure Con.
• Author - If the paper has been rejected or if extensive revisions
have been requested that the author believes are incorrect or
unwarranted, then he or she is entitled to submit a point-by-point
rebuttal to the Editor’s statement of reasons and the reviewers’
comments.
• Editors - The rebuttal then is analyzed by the Editors, and a
decision is made. In rare cases of a complex point of dispute, the
Editors, at their discretion, may mandate additional reviews. In no
case shall a paper go through more than two reviewing cycles
before a decision is given.
• Editor-in-Chief - If the dispute still remains unresolved,
• then the decision of the Editor-in-Chief is final and overrides all other
considerations.
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Acceptance Procedure Con.
• Rebuttal by Author (for rejected paper) - In the confrontation
between the rejection statement and the rebuttal statement, the
decision goes in favour of the author if the dissenting reviewer’s
case is not clearly convincing.
• Authors who are requested by Editors to revise their papers must
make an effort to accomplish the requested revisions in the stated
period, which normally is four weeks for major revisions, two
weeks for minor revisions. If the author does not respond to the
subsequent inquiries, the paper will be regarded as withdrawn.
Normally, an author who has good reason to request a time
extension will be granted such an extension.
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Acceptance Procedure Con.
• Reviewer who feels strongly that a particular paper should not be
published may be given the opportunity, if the Editor decides
nevertheless to accept it, to write the criticism as a Technical
Comment. The author then is allowed to write a closing response
for publication in the same issue as the Comment.
• Formal acceptance will not occur until the author has complied with
all of the revision requests (if any) made by the Associate Editor or
the Associate Editor has accepted the author’s rebuttal, and the
author has prepared the paper in the Journal Manuscript Style and
Format.
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Acceptance Procedure Con.
• When a paper is formally accepted, it will be scheduled for
publication in a forthcoming issue, and the author will be so
informed. Depending upon the number of papers awaiting
publication and the projected size of issues, this may require that
papers be scheduled several issues ahead. Editor-in-Chief also may
designate certain special-category papers for immediate publication.
• Page proofs will be made available to authors for correction and
release prior to scheduled publication. Authors should inform the
Journal department of any anticipated change of postal or e-mail
address between acceptance and page proof time. Authors are
expected to read and release their proofs in seven days or less.
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Acceptance Procedure Con.
• Overscheduled - To allow for late or non-release of proofs by
authors and to provide the flexibility to meet issue-length and topicmix constraints, issues will be overscheduled by about 25%. Thus,
there will always be a certain number of papers held over for the
next issue. Papers not published in the issue for which they were
originally scheduled will have first priority for publication in the
following issue.
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Example - Proofing Instructions
The proofreading stage is intended to catch any errors in the galley's spelling, grammar, and formatting. More substantial changes cannot be
made at this stage, unless discussed with the Section Editor. In Layout, click on VIEW PROOF to see the HTML, PDF and other available
file formats used in publishing this item.
For Spelling and Grammar Errors
Copy the problem word or groups of words and paste them into the Proofreading Corrections box with "CHANGE-TO" instructions to the
editor as follows...
1. CHANGE...
then the others
TO...
than the others
2. CHANGE...
Malinowsky
TO...
Malinowski
For Formatting Errors
Describe the location and nature of the problem in the Proofreading Corrections box after typing in the title "FORMATTING" as follows...
3. FORMATTING
The numbers in Table 3 are not aligned in the third column.
4. FORMATTING
The paragraph that begins "This last topic..." is not indented.
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Referee’s Report Form
Please kindly complete the following form and submit. Referee report received after ten days from the date shown above will not affect
the decision of acceptance or rejection of the article. An average rating of 6 is required for the acceptance of the article.
1.
• Example 1
• Example 2
English grammar and readability
1(Poor)
2.
6(Average) 7
8
9
10(Excellent)
2
3
4
5
6(Average) 7
8
9
10(Excellent)
2
3
4
5
6(Average) 7
8
9
10(Excellent)
2
3
4
5
6(Average) 7
8
9
10(Excellent)
2
3
4
5
6(Average) 7
8
9
10(Excellent)
5
6(Average) 7
8
9
10(Excellent)
Summary rating of the overall quality of the article
1(Poor)
7.
5
Quality as a review article
1(Poor)
6.
4
New technical contributions
1(Poor)
5.
3
Chances of free from potentially serious errors which may invalidate the results
1(Poor)
4.
2
Reference of previous contributions in books and journals
1(Poor)
3.
Top of Form
2
3
4
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
Review
Comments
219
Reviewer Guidelines
1. A general rule is "Don't spend more time reviewing the submission
than the author spent writing it." If you find that a submission has so
many problems that it would require a complete rewrite to save it,
make a reasonable number of comments and reject the submission.
2. If you review a submission that is excessively similar to previously
published submissions (or you have reason to believe that the
submission has previously been published), please note this to
Editor.
3. Editorial comments are helpful to authors. However, readability is a
factor in a good submission. If the use of language is so poor that it
makes reading difficult, please note this in your comments and
reflect it in your ranking.
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Reviewer comments
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Reviewer’s Evaluation Report (Reject)
Reject- does not comply with the aims and scope
Reject with helpful comments-1
Reject with helpful comments-2
Reject with helpful comments-3
Requires Major Revision
Moderate Revision
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Reviewer comments Con.
• Some suggestions
• The manuscript needs a substantial
improvement
• Acceptable for publication
• Not acceptable for publication
• Cannot accept your manuscript
• Major correctionReferences (not already cited in the paper)
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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Manuscript is not suitable!
Dear ..........:
This manuscript is not suitable for the Advanced Science Letters. Please
submit to other journal.
Best regards,
H. S. Nalwa
Katsuhiko Ariga
______________________________________________________________
Dear ........,
I regret to inform you that I cannot accept your paper for publication in
Management Science. My decision is based on lack of fit. In particular, your
work is not well‐tied to the Management Science literature and research
style.
I wish you good luck in pursuing another journal for publishing your work.
Best regards,
Yossi Aviv
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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Revised version
• Step by step corrections (with minor modification)
• Step by step corrections base on
reviewer's comments
• Compare the old and the new version of
paper (with major modification)
• Response to the editorial issues
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
224
Henson's Tips to Writers
• do not fear rejection--it is part of the writing process
• do not be preoccupied with telling readers everything you know-instead help readers discover insights
• target your articles to journals that have an acceptance rate of at
least 20%
• do not be afraid to call the editor of the journal
• stay within the preferred article length of the target journal
• write what you have to say and then edit your manuscript several
times, eliminating everything that's unnecessary
• always say yes to rewriting parts of the manuscript if requested to do
so
• avoid jargon
• follow the journal's guidelines
• do not make technical and grammatical errors
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Target suitable journal
Open-Access Journals
Image: iStockPhoto
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Publishers with Paid Options for
Open Access
Source: http://www.sherpa.ac.uk/romeo/PaidOA.html
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229
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230
Special Issues
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Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
232
Journal Metrics
As journal metrics become more and more important for scientists and
their institutions, Copernicus Publications decided to present the four
most important ones. A short explanation is listed below. For further
information please visit the individual websites of Thomson Reuters
SCOPUS, and Google Scholar Metrics.
It is important NOT to compare the different journal metrics, as the
results stem from different calculations. As a comparison, the 2012
journal metrics for "Nature Geoscience" are listed:
IF
12.367
5-year IF
12.905
SNIP 3.192
SJR
5.493
Source: http://publications.copernicus.org/services/journal_metrics.html
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Thomson Reuters Impact Factor
• The annual Journal Citation Report Impact
Factor is a ratio between citations and recent
citable items published. Thus, the impact
factor of a journal is calculated by dividing the
number of current year citations by the
source items published in that journal during
the previous two years.
• The 5-year impact factor is calculated by
applying the counted articles to the previous
five years.
• Source: Thomson Reuters
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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SCOPUS SNIP
• The Source Normalized Impact per Paper (SNIP)
measures contextual citation impact by weighting
citations based on the total number of citations in a
subject field. The impact of a single citation is given
higher value in subject areas where citations are less
likely, and vice versa.
– Measures contextual citation impact by "normalizing" citation values;
– Takes a research field's citation frequency into account;
– Considers immediacy – how quickly a paper is likely to have an impact
in a given field;
– Accounts for how well the field is covered by the underlying database;
– Calculates without use of a journal's subject classification to avoid
delimitation;
– Counters any potential for editorial manipulation.
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
• Source:
SCOPUS
235
SCOPUS SJR
• The SCImago Journal Rank (SJR) is a prestige metric
based on the idea that "all citations are not created
equal". With SJR, the subject field, quality and
reputation of the journal has a direct effect on the
value of a citation.
– Is weighted by the prestige of the journal, thereby "leveling
the playing field" among journals;
– Eliminates manipulation: raise the SJR ranking by being
published in more reputable journals;
– "Shares" a journal's prestige equally over the total number
of citations in that journal;
– Normalizes for differences in citation behavior between
subject fields.
• Source: SCOPUS
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Google Scholar Metrics
• The h-index of a publication is the largest
number h such that at least h articles in that
publication were cited at least h times each.
For example, a publication with five articles
cited by, respectively, 17, 9, 6, 3, and 2, has
the h-index of 3.
• The h5-index of a publication is, respectively,
the h-index, of only those of its articles that
were published in the last five complete
calendar years.
• Source: Google Scholar
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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Where should I submit my publication?
Springer Journal Selector βeta
Journal Selector
Journal Selector is the industry's leading
database to all of the best peer-reviewed
biomedical journals.
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Perfect Match: EndNote’s latest feature matches
article drafts with publications
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241
Perfect Match: EndNote’s latest feature matches
article drafts with publications
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242
Perfect Match: EndNote’s latest feature matches
article drafts with publications
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243
Where should I submit my publication?
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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Source: Gasparyan, A. Y. (2013). Choosing the target journal: do authors need a comprehensive approach?. Journal of Korean medical science, 28(8), 1117-1119.
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Source: http://publications.copernicus.org/services/archiving_and_indexing.html
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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Scholarly Open Access
Potential, possible, or
probable predatory scholarly
open-access publishers
By: Jeffrey Beall
Source: http://scholarlyoa.com/publishers/
Promote your publication to get
more citation
Source: R. Van Noorden, B. Maher, and R.
Nuzzo, “The top 100 papers,” Nature, vol.
514, 2014.
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Why citation is important?
•
In the Times Higher Education World University Rankings system Citations — research
influence (worth 32.5 per cent).
•
Citations are widely recognised as a strong indicator of the significance and relevance — that is, the impact — of a
piece of research.
However, citation data must be used with care as citation rates can vary between subjects and time periods.
For example, papers in the life sciences tend to be cited more frequently than those published in the social
sciences.
The rankings this year use normalised citation impact, where the citations to each paper are compared with the
average number of citations received by all papers published in the same field and year. So a paper with a relative
citation impact of 2.0 is cited twice as frequently as the average for similar papers.
The data were extracted from the Thomson Reuters resource known as Web of Science, the largest and most
comprehensive database of research citations available.
Its authoritative and multidisciplinary content covers more than 11,600 of the highest-impact journals worldwide.
The benchmarking exercise is carried out on an exact level across 251 subject areas for each year in the period
2004 to 2008.
For institutions that produce few papers, the relative citation impact may be significantly influenced by one or two
highly cited papers and therefore it does not accurately reflect their typical performance. However, institutions
publishing fewer than 50 papers a year have been excluded from the rankings.
There are occasions where a groundbreaking academic paper is so influential as to drive the citation counts to
extreme levels — receiving thousands of citations. An institution that contributes to one of these papers will
receive a significant and noticeable boost to its citation impact, and this reflects such institutions' contribution to
globally significant research projects.
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Source: http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/world-university-rankings/2010-2011/analysis-methodology.html
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Source: http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/world-university-rankings/2010-2011/analysis-methodology.html
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The methodology for the 2014-2015 World University Rankings is identical to that used
since 2011-2012, offering a year-on-year comparison based on true performance rather
than methodological change.
Our 13 performance indicators are grouped into five areas:
•
•
•
•
•
Teaching: the learning environment (worth 30 per cent of the overall ranking score)
Research: volume, income and reputation (worth 30 per cent)
Citations: research influence (worth 30 per cent)
Industry income: innovation (worth 2.5 per cent)
International outlook: staff, students and research (worth 7.5 per cent).
Exclusions
Universities are excluded from the Times Higher Education World University Rankings if
they do not teach undergraduates; if they teach only a single narrow subject; or if their
research output amounted to fewer than 1,000 articles between 2008 and 2012 (200 a
year).
In some exceptional cases, institutions that are below the 200-paper threshold are
included if they have a particular focus on disciplines with generally low publication
volumes, such as engineering or the arts and humanities. Further exceptions to the
threshold are made for the six specialist subject tables.
Source: http://www.timeshighereducation.co.uk/world-university-rankings/2014-15/world-ranking/methodology
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Seven Tips for Enhancing Your
Research Visibility and Impact
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The sequence of the human genome
[PDF] from fu-berlin.de…, XH Zheng, L Chen, M Skupski, G Subramanian… science, 2001
... George L. Gabor Miklos 2,; Catherine Nelson 3,; Samuel Broder 1,; Andrew
G. Clark 4,; Joe Nadeau 5,; Victor A. McKusick 6,; Norton Zinder 7,; Arnold J ...
Chunhua Yan 1,; Alison Yao 1,; JaneYe 1,; Ming Zhan 1,; Weiqing Zhang 1,;
Hongyu Zhang 1,; Qi Zhao 1,; Liansheng Zheng 1,; Fei Zhong ...
Cited by 8600 - Related articles - BL Direct - All 48 versions
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Example
Ale Ebrahim, N., Salehi, H., Embi, M. A., Habibi Tanha, F., Gholizadeh, H., & Motahar, S. M. (2014). Visibility and Citation Impact.
International Education Studies, 7(4), 120-125. doi: 10.5539/ies.v7n4p120 , . Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2419315
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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Example
Ale Ebrahim, N., Salehi, H., Embi, M. A., Habibi Tanha, F., Gholizadeh, H., & Motahar, S. M. (2014). Visibility and Citation Impact.
International Education Studies, 7(4), 120-125. doi: 10.5539/ies.v7n4p120 , . Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2419315
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Directory of Open Access
Repositories
• ASIA
– Japan
– Malaysia
• EUROPE
– Belgium
– Germany
– United Kingdom
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Directory of Open Access Repositories
Proportion of Repository Organisations by Continent – Worldwide - 2013
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Directory of Open Access Repositories
Proportion of Repository Organisations by Continent – Worldwide - 2015
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Directory of Open Access Repositories
Proportion of Repositories by Country – Worldwide - 2013
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Directory of Open Access Repositories
Proportion of Repositories by Country – Worldwide - 2015
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Directory of Open Access Repositories
Asia - 2013
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Directory of Open Access Repositories
Asia - 2015
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Repositories map
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Regional interest in H-Index
Data retrieved from Google Trend on 18 October 2013
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Malaysia’s H-index 1996 - 2012
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Malaysia’s H-index 1996 – 2013
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The University of Tokyo
Asia University Rankings 2012-13
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The University of Tokyo
Asia University Rankings 2013-14
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The University of Tokyo
WORLD RANK - 2012-13
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The University of Tokyo
WORLD RANK - 2013-14
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The University of Tokyo
WORLD RANK - 2014-15
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National University of Singapore (NUS)
Asia University Rankings 2012-13
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National University of Singapore (NUS)
Asia University Rankings 2013-14
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Sharif University of Technology
REGIONAL RANKINGS - 2012-13
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Sharif University of Technology
REGIONAL RANKINGS - 2013-14
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Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia
REGIONAL RANKINGS - 2013-14
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Source: BRICS & EMERGING ECONOMIES RANK - 2015
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BRICS & EMERGING
ECONOMIES RANK 2014
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BRICS & EMERGING
ECONOMIES RANK 2014
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The Best Global Universities
Ranking
anking indicator
Weight
Global research reputation
12.5%
Regional research reputation
12.5%
Publications
12.5%
Normalized citation impact
10%
Total citations
10%
Number of highly cited papers
12.5%
Percentage of highly cited papers
10%
International collaboration
10%
Number of Ph.D.s awarded
5%
Number of Ph.D.s awarded per academic
staff member
5%
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Indicators and Weights for ARWU
Criteria
Quality of
Education
Quality of
Faculty
Research
Output
Per Capita
Performance
Total
Indicator
Alumni of an institution winning Nobel Prizes and
Fields Medals
Staff of an institution winning Nobel Prizes and
Fields Medals
Highly cited researchers in 21 broad subject
categories
Code
Papers published in Nature and Science*
Weight
Alumni 10%
Award
20%
HiCi
20%
N&S
20%
Papers indexed in Science Citation Index-expanded
PUB
and Social Science Citation Index
20%
Per capita academic performance of an institution
10%
PCP
100%
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
* For institutions specialized in humanities and social sciences such as London School of Economics, N&S is not considered, and the weight of N&S is relocated to other indicators.
291
Source: Researchers, publishers, libraries and data centres all have a role in promoting and encouraging data citation. (Available on:
http://blogs.lse.ac.uk/impactofsocialsciences/2013/11/26/why-not-cite-data/)
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Source: http://wiki.lib.sun.ac.za/index.php/SUNScholar/Research_Article_Metrics
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h-index (Jorge E. Hirsch- 2005)
• A scientist has index
h if h of [his/her]
Np papers have at
least h citations
each, and the other
(Np − h) papers
have no more than h
citations each.
H-index from a plot of decreasing citations for numbered papers
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A scientist has index h if h of his/her Np papers have at least
h citations each, and the other (Np-h) papers have no more than
h citations each.
Source: http://guides.is.uwa.edu.au/content.php?pid=372347&sid=3050052
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g-index (Leo Egghe (2006))
• In order to give more weight to highly-cited articles Leo
Egghe (2006) proposed the g-index. The g-index is
defined as follows: [Given a set of articles] ranked in
decreasing order of the number of citations that they
received, the g-index is the (unique) largest number
such that the top g articles received (together) at
least g2 citations. Although the g-index has not yet
attracted much attention or empirical verification, it would
seem to be a very useful complement to the h-index.
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Source: Rousseau, Ronald. "New developments related to the Hirsch index." (2006).
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Predicting scientific success
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Web application to calculate the
single publication h index
Source: http://labs.dbs.uni-leipzig.de/gsh/
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Brazilian citation scheme outed
Thomson Reuters suspends journals from its rankings for ‘citation
stacking’
Source: Richard Van Noorden , Nature News, 27 August 2013
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Refreshing honesty? Journal asks authors to help
game its impact factor
Source: http://retractionwatch.com/2015/02/09/refreshing-honesty-journal-asks-authors-help-game-impact-factor/
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Citation manipulation: Journal retracts paper because
author boosted references to a journal he edits
Source: http://retractionwatch.com/2014/02/03/citation-manipulation-journal-retracts-paper-because-author-boosted-references-to-a-journal-he-edits/
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Source: Liu, J. (2013). Article-level and alternative metrics: tracking other indicators of impact online 2nd Bibliometrics in Libraries Meeting:
The Open University.
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The University of Pittsburgh has embedded
PlumX widgets in their D-Scholarship
institutional repository. You can see metrics
across their institution at Plu.mX/Pitt. They have
also built profiles for researchers across a variety
of disciplines. Some sample profiles:
Peter Brusilovsky
Rebecca Crowley
Michael Pinsky
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The Altmetric Bookmarklet
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Nonlanguage factors affecting undergraduates' judgments
of nonnative English-speaking teaching assistants
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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Teaching Elementary Students Who Speak Black English Vernacular to
Write in Standard English: Effects of Dialect Transformation Practice
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Strategies for Enhancing the Impact of Research
Dissemination
• Submit the manuscript to a digital subject repository.
• Submit the manuscript to an institutional repository.
• Set up a web site devoted to the research project and post
manuscripts of publications and conference abstracts.
• Take advantage of SEO (search engine optimization).
• Present preliminary research findings at a meeting or conference.
• Follow up preliminary research findings presented at a meeting or
conference with a published manuscript.
• Consider submitting the same article to a journal in a different
language as a “secondary publication.”
• Start a blog devoted to the research project.
• Contribute to Wikipedia.
• Contribute to a social network
Source: Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis Missouri
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8 Ways to increase usage and
citation of published papers
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Create your own website
Create Mind Map
Do Search Engine Optimization (SEO)
Contribute to Wikipedia
Join Twitter
Join academic social networking sites
Join LinkedIn
Deposit papers in repositories
Adopted from Strategies
“10 Ways
to Increase Usage and Citation of your Published Article Using Social Media
”
to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
318
Repositories can disseminate
information
Universities can:
–
–
–
–
meet accountability requirements
improve the brand image of the university
preserve academic research outputs permanently and effectively
promote co-operation with industry and contribution to the local
communities
– reduce the costs of taking charge of academic information
Researchers can:
–
–
–
–
gain greater visibility for their research achievements
establish the channel for the dissemination of research outputs
reduce the cost of preservation and dissemination of research outputs
raise the citation rates of their articles
Source: What is an academic repository?
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Optimize citations
• Put your article in an institutional or subject
repository.
• Publicize yourself - link to your latest article in your
email signature.
• Make your article more accessible
• Make your article more visible
–
–
–
–
–
–
–
•
•
•
Reading lists
Department website or personal webpage
Twitter and Facebook
LinkedIn
Join academic social networking sites
CiteULike
Email signature
Source: Optimize citations -http://journalauthors.tandf.co.uk/beyondpublication/optimizingcitations.asp
And
Promote your article - http://journalauthors.tandf.co.uk/beyondpublication/promotearticle.asp
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Advertising
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
ResearcherID
Wikipedia
Web Site
Mindmeister
SSRN
getCITED
Academica
ResearchGate
The Berkeley Electronic Press™
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Advertising
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
MPRA
HAL
Malaysian Expert
CiteULike
PublicationsList
Academic Research Microsoft
WiKi
Methodspace
Ecademy
Best Virtual R&D Teams Papers
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Publishing books
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Online CV.
What is ORCID ?
ORCID (“orkid”)
= Open Researcher and Contributor ID
NOT:
“ORCID is like a DOI for researchers.”
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation
Michael Ladisch, University College Dublin
3 BibliometricsBy:
in Libraries
meeting,Ale
York, UK,
4 July 2014
©2015
Nader
Ebrahim
rd
th
325
What is ORCID ?
The ORCID Organization
The ORCID
• Non-profit, nonproprietary, open, and
community-driven
• Global, interdisciplinary
• Supported by the
membership of
organizations using the
ORCID API
• Unique, persistent
identifier for researchers
& scholars
• Free to researchers
• Can be used throughout
one’s career, across
professional activities,
disciplines, nations &
languages
• Embedded into workflows
& metadata
• API enables
interoperability between
siloed systems
• Funding
organizations
• Professional societies
• Universities &
research institutes
• Publishers
http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0124-5582
Strategies to Improve Publication
and Increase
Citation
©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
Michael Ladisch,
University
College Dublin
3rd
Bibliometrics in Libraries meeting, York, UK,
4th
July 2014
326
The 36 faces of Jens Åge Smærup Sørensen: dipthongs, accents,
contractions and transliterations produce dozens of variations in a
hypothetical name. By claiming a unique ORCID, researchers can avoid
fragmentation of identity and identity ambiguity. (Slide by Mogens
Sandfær of DEFF)
See more at: http://elsevierconnect.com/orcid-identifier-system-gaining-traction-and-new-features/
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Professor Charles Hirschman
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331
Prof. Dr. Andreas Thor
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Peter Brusilovsky
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333
Jorge E. Hirsch
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
334
Network
• Build your network – make sure you
have dynamic diverse networks
• Join networks such as LinkedIn,
ResearchGate or Academic.edu
See more at: http://libguides.library.curtin.edu.au/content.php?pid=417077&sid=3408994
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
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How much time does a conference take?
• Step 1: Preparation - 33
hours
–1.3. Writing a paper - 20 hours
• Step 2: The conference - 3
days
–2.2. Networking - 3 days
Source: http://phdtalk.blogspot.nl/2011/03/how-much-time-does-conference-take.html
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Nader Ale Ebrahim’s Linkedin Map
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Academic Social Networking
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339
Academic Social Networking
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340
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341
Microblogging
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
342
Why should you share links to your published work online?
According to Dr Melissa Terras
from the University College
London Centre for Digital
Humanities, “If you tell people
about your research, they look
at it. Your research will get
looked at more than papers
which are not promoted via
social media” (2012).
Strategies to Improve Publication and Increase Citation ©2015 By: Nader Ale Ebrahim
343
Academic blogging is part of a complex
online academic attention
Just like a taller, more powerful radio tower will
boost a signal so it can be heard at a greater
distance; it makes sense that more people will
read a paper if the writer is active on social
media. Of course, because we wrote it, we
think it’s great that our paper has proved so
popular, but we have to ask: in the future, will
the highest quality papers be read most? Or will
it be only those papers backed up by the
loudest voices?
Source: Mewburn, I., & Thomson, P. (2013, Dec 12 2013 ). Academic blogging is part of a complex online academic attention economy, leading
to unprecedented readership. Retrieved 13, December, 2013, from http://blogs.lse.ac.uk/impactofsocialsciences/2013/12/12/academicattention-economy/
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Blogs
• Wordpress
• Weebly
• Blogger
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http://johnrturnerhptresource.blogspot.com/2013/06/new-article-acceptance-multiagent.html
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346
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Thank you!
Nader Ale Ebrahim, PhD
=====================================
www.researcherid.com/rid/C-2414-2009
http://scholar.google.com/citations
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348
References
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Ale Ebrahim, N. (2014). Citation Frequency and Ethical Issue. Electronic Physician, 6(2), 814-815. doi:
10.6084/m9.figshare.1027327
N. Ale Ebrahim, H. Salehi, M. A. Embi, F. Habibi Tanha, H. Gholizadeh, and S. M. Motahar, “Visibility and
Citation Impact,” International Education Studies, vol. 7, no. 4, pp. 120-125, March 30, 2014.
N. Ale Ebrahim, “Create an Online Researcher Profile on Wikiscientist,” University of Malaya Research Bulletin,
vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 2, 12 April, 2015. Available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.1375380
N. Ale Ebrahim, Modified Kardashian index (MK-index): A measure of discrepant social media profile for
scientists, Short communication, University of Malaya, 2015. Available at:
http://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2588206
N. Ale Ebrahim, H. Ebrahimian, M. Mousavi, and F. Tahriri, “Does a Long Reference List Guarantee More
Citations? Analysis of Malaysian Highly Cited and Review Papers,” The International Journal of Management
Science and Business, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 6-15, 28 February, 2015. Available at:
http://ssrn.com/abstract=2572789
Egghe, L. (2006). Theory and practice of the g-index. Scientometrics. 69, 131-152.
Ale Ebrahim, Nader, Introduction to the Research Tools Mind Map (June 14, 2013). Research World, Vol. 10,
No. 4, pp. 1-3,. Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2280007
Gasparyan, A. Y. (2013). Choosing the target journal: do authors need a comprehensive approach?. Journal of
Korean medical science, 28(8), 1117-1119.
K. Bakhtiyari, H. Salehi, M. A. Embi, M. Shakiba, A. Zavvari, M. Shahbazi-Moghadam, N. Ale Ebrahim, and M.
Mohammadjafari, “Ethical and Unethical Methods of Plagiarism Prevention in Academic Writing,” International
Education Studies, vol. 7, no. 7, pp. 52-62, 19 June, 2014.
N. Ale Ebrahim, H. Salehi, M. A. Embi, F. Habibi Tanha, H. Gholizadeh, S. M. Motahar, et al., "Effective
Strategies for Increasing Citation Frequency," International Education Studies, vol. 6, pp. 93-99, October 23
2013. Available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=2344585
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349

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