Social grps
Is this a social grp
Is this a social group?
Is this a social group?
Is this a social group?
Is this a social group?
Public…can we call it has social grp?
The clan…can we call it a social grp?
Introduction
• Meaning collection of human being who have
social relationship with one another.
Characteristic of social grp
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Reciprocal relationship
Sense of unity
We feelings
Common interest
Similar behavior
Grp norms
Influence on one’s personality
Contd…
• Not static
• Expands its activities gradually
Classification of social grp
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Primary
Secondary
In-grp and out -grp
Clan
Tribe
Crowd
Public
audience
Primary grp
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Nucleus of the social organisation
Smaller number of people come together
They meet face to face
Mutual help
Companionship\discuss common matters
Characteristic of primary grp
• 1. physical proximity: close contact
• Face to face
• Exchange of ideas and opinions easier
Contd…characteristic…2. Small size
• The relationship can be intimated
• Small in number
• Stable relationship so intimacy relationship is
possible
3. stability
4. Similarity of background
• Same background
• So they have something to take and give.
5. Limited self interest
• Though they have self interest that becomes d
secondary and grp interest becomes d first
priority.
6. Shared interest
• Common interest is shared by d grp
• Each member live by the devotion and energy
of fellow member
Importance of primary grp
• … for the individual
• … for the society
…individual
• Development of personality:
• The primary grp has its high influence
• E.g. home… foundation for personality is placed
by the family and it wont change thereafter only
develops
Work efficiency increases
• Has he gets help….inspiration and cooperation
from the grp he works to its best
It satisfies the psychological needs
• It provides sense of contentment and security to
the members
• Satisfies the desire to be loved and desire of loving
• Person gets benefits of companionship, sympathy ..
2…. society
• Socialization
• Maintain control over the people
• Maintains social structure
• Basic attitude towards society becomes positive
• Love for society develops
• Love towards social institutions
Secondary grp
• Seen in modern society
• It is seen in cities… political level…nation level
• Human contacts are superficial
• Members relation has limited scope
• Members exerts indirect influence over the other
definition
• Secondary grp:
• The grp provides experience but lacking in
intimacy
characteristic
1. Size: larger in size
• E.g. red cross
• Rotary
• JC
• Lions
Contd…
• 2. formal and impersonal relation:
• Formal when they meet
• Do not have warmth relation
• 3. options of membership:
• Membership is not compulsory
Contd…
• Active and inactive members:
• Some may be very active and some may not
be so
Contd…
• Relation: hardly meet face to face
Contd…
• Formal rules: formal authority is set up
• Clear cut division of labour
Contd…
• Goal oriented: main purpose is to meet the
goal
Contd…
• Status of individual is depending on the role:
president may have high respect…post
Importance of secondary grp
• Modern era … it is important to have.
• To have certain benefits to the society… needy
we need to have secondary grps
contd
• It gives wider opportunity to the members to
fulfill leadership roles
• Clear cut division of work it increases the
work efficiency
• It provide a lot of opportunities for the
members
Contd…
• It helps the members to have wider out look
towards life
• It is more universal in judgment so improvements
takes place even in the individual level
Conclusion
• Though a modern society the secondary grp
has over shadowed the primary grp, these two
grps have its own importance, both are
needed.
difference
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Primary:
Small in size
Intimacy very high
Cooperation is direct
Meets face to face often
almost daily
• Structure is informal
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Secondary:
Large in size
Intimacy is less
Cooperation is indirect
and formal
• Meets face to face rare
• Very formal structure
and hierarchy
Contd…
• It act as a foundation
stone of society
• Purpose and aim is
same for all members
• They do not include
other grp member
• Love and sympathy
flourishes in the grp
• Not so important
• Purpose to join the grp
may be different for
different people
• It may include several
grps
• Little room for love and
sympathy
• Position is according to
the birth order
• Concern with total
personality of the
person
• Position as per
role… may change
with next
nomination
• Concern with grp
purpose
3. in- grp and out-grp
• The individual belongs to a member of groups
which are his ‘in grp’ all others which he does
not belongs are his out-grp
With In-grp
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Sense of solidarity
Goodwill
Feeling of brotherhood
Readiness to sacrifice
Ethnocentrism: seen in in-grps
That means each grp thinks of itself the best and
posses the values. This sort of attitude and
superiority exists in all times and in all societies
4. Clan
• Is a grp of individual who believe themselves
to be the common descendents of real or
mythical ancestors
Characteristics of clan
• Exogamous grp
• They believe they have common ancesty
• It either consists of all the families from the
mother’s side or father’s side
• E.g. decedents of Abraham
5. tribe
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Collection of many clans together form a tribe
Tribe is a social grp
It has definite geographical area
They speak a common language
Follow a distinct culture
It is a endogamous grp
characteristics
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Sense of unity
Security
Language
Name
Religion
Has its own political body
Endogamous grp
6. crowd
• Collection of individuals united temporarily
• Had diverse objectives
• Quickly created
• Quickly dissolved
Characteristic of crowd
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Physical presence
Un organised
Stay very close proximity
Temporary
Anonymity
Narrow attention
Quickly appears and dissolved
Contd…
• Irresponsible
• Low intelligence
• Emotional approach
• Has no culture in common
• Narrow out look
Types of crowd
• 1. active
• 2.in - active
Active crowd
• Aggressive crowd
• Panicky
• Acquisitive
• expressive
In active crowd
• As per many theories it can be divided
Grp mind theory
• Individual in crowd loses his individuality and
becomes the part of th.e grp
Freudian theory
• This type of crowd brings out the hidden desires,
repressed desires, the desires which otherwise
was in unconscious mind.
• e.g.Killing with situational opportunity during
fights between 2 religion grp.
Multiple theory factor
• Imitation, stimulation of response, low degree
of intelligence, influence of leader is very high.
• E.g. followers of rajnikanth
7. public
• It is an abstract social grp
• Larger section of the grp with common
opinion and interest. They are not organised
and scattered all over.
Characteristic of public
• Dispersed grp
• Deliberate grp
• They come together when there is a definite
issue
• Lack of organisation
• Disagreement seen among the members
8. audience
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Physical presence
Systematic
Organised
They assemble in particular place, time
Some common interest
Conforms to the rule
types
• Information seeking audience: e.g lecture hall
• Recreation seeking: Theatre audience
• Conversional: they attend meeting to clear
their doubts: e.g. religious meeting
end