‫ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﻧﻮﻳﺴﯽ ﭘﺎﺳﮑﺎﻝ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎﻡ ﺧﺪﺍ‬
‫ﻧﻴﻤﺴﺎﻝ ﺩﻭﻡ ‪86-87‬‬
‫ﻣﺪﺭﺱ ‪ :‬ﻣﺠﺘﺒﯽ ﻧﻮﺭﯼ‬
‫‪ ‬‬
‫ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ‪4‬‬
‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻥ ﺗﺮﻡ‬
‫ﻧﮑﺎﺗﯽ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ‪:‬‬
‫‪ (1‬ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﭘﺎﻳﺎﻧﯽ ‪ 3‬ﻧﻤﺮﻩ ﮐﻞ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭﺑﺮ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺬﮐﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻋﺪﻡ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺁﻥ ﻣﺎﻧﻊ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺎﺱ ﺷﺪﻥ‬
‫ﺩﺭﺱ ﻣﯽ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﻫﺮ ﮐﺲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻳﮑﯽ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﺎﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﮐﻨﺪ‪ .‬‬
‫‪ (2‬ﺍﻣﮑﺎﻥ ﮐﺎﺭ ﮔﺮﻭﻫﯽ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﻤﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﻫﺮ ﮐﺲ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎﻳﯽ ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺩﻫﺪ‪ .‬‬
‫‪ (3‬ﺩﺭ ﺗﺸﺮﻳﺢ ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﻫﺎ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﺻﻠﯽ ﮐﺎﺭ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﺍﮔﺮ ﻣﻮﺭﺩﯼ ﺫﮐﺮ ﻧﺸﺪﻩ ‪ ،‬ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺑﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺟﺎﻧﺐ‬
‫ﺷﻤﺎ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﺟﺮﺍ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬‬
‫‪ (4‬ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﮐﻤﮏ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ‪ ،‬ﺳﻌﯽ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻳﮏ ﺟﻠﺴﻪ ﺭﻓﻊ ﺍﺷﮑﺎﻝ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ ﮐﻪ ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺁﻥ ﺍﻋﻼﻡ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ‬
‫ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺩﺭ ﺣﻴﻦ ﮐﺎﺭ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺸﮑﻠﯽ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﻳﺪ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﻴﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ‪ email‬ﺳﻮﺍﻝ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻄﺮﺡ ﮐﻨﻴﺪ‪ .‬‬
‫‪ (5‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺷﺨﺺ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﻧﺤﻮ ‪ ،‬ﺳﺒﺐ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻧﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﻧﻤﺮﻩ ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﺑﻠﮑﻪ ﻧﻤﺮﻩ ﮐﻞ‬
‫ﺩﺭﺱ ﺭﺍ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺑﺪﻫﻴﺪ‪ .‬‬
‫‪ (6‬ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﮐﺎﺭ ﺗﻤﺎﻡ ﻓﺎﻳﻠﻬﺎﯼ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻳﮏ ﻓﺎﻳﻞ ‪ zip‬ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ )ﺍﺳﻢ ﻓﺎﻳﻞ ‪ zip‬ﺭﺍ ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﺠﻮﻳﯽ ﺧﻮﺩ‬
‫ﺑﮕﺬﺍﺭﻳﺪ( ﻭ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﺁﺩﺭﺱ ‪ pascal86.course@gmail.com‬ﺑﻔـﺮﺳﺘﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﻋﻨـﻮﺍﻥ ﺍﻳﻤﻴﻞ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ‪ ‬‬
‫‪ PRJ‐STD‬ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪) .‬ﺑﺠﺎﯼ ‪ STD‬ﺷﻤﺎﺭﻩ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﺠﻮﻳﯽ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺭﺍ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ‪( PRJ‐86109605 :‬‬
‫‪ (7‬ﻣﻬﻠﺖ ﺍﺭﺳﺎﻝ ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﺗﺎ ‪ 29‬ﺗﻴﺮ ﻣﺎﻩ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪) .‬ﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺭﻭﺯ ﺑﻌﺪ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﻣﺘﻌﺎﻗﺒﺎ" ﺍﻋﻼﻡ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ(‬
‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﺍﻭﻝ ‪ :‬ﺷﺒﻴﻪ ﺳﺎﺯﯼ ﮔﺮﺍﻓﻴﮑﯽ ﺍﮐﺴﻞ )‪ 4‬ﻧﻤﺮﻩ(‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﻫﺪﻑ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺍﯼ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﯼ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﺍﮐﺴﻞ ﻋﻤﻞ ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﺪﻳﻦ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﮐﻪ ﺷﻤﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻳﮏ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﻣﺘﺸﮑﻞ ﺍﺯ ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﯼ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ )ﻣﺜﻼ" ﺻﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺻﺪ( ﺭﺍ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﻟﺤﻈﻪ‬
‫ﺗﻌﺪﺍﺩﯼ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺭﻭﯼ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ )ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩ ﺍﯼ ﮐﻪ ﺷﻤﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻫﺮ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﯽ ﮔﻴﺮﻳﺪ( ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ‬
‫ﻟﺤﻈﻪ ﻳﮑﯽ ﺍﺯ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺎ ﺭﻧﮓ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﯼ ﻣﺘﻤﺎﻳﺰ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺑﻴﺎﻧﮕﺮ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺑﻮﺩﻥ ﺁﻥ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﮐﺎﺭﺑﺮ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺘﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺑﻮﺳﻴﻠﻪ ﮐﻠﻴﺪﻫﺎﯼ ﺑﺎﻻ‪ ،‬ﭘﺎﻳﻴﻦ ‪ ،‬ﭼﭗ ‪ ،‬ﺭﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮ ﺩﻫﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﺘﻬﺎﯼ‬
‫ﺳﺘﻮﻥ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﺭﺳﻴﺪ ﮐﻞ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻳﮏ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺑﻌﺪﯼ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ .‬ﻣﺜﻼ"‬
‫ﻓﺮﺽ ﮐﻨﻴﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﺳﻄﺮ ‪ 20‬ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻭﻟﯽ ﮐﻞ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﻫﺮ ﺳﻄﺮ ‪ 100‬ﺗﺎﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺧﻮﺏ ﻭﺍﺿﺢ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍﯼ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﯼ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﻴﺴﺖ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺍﻭﻝ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺣﺎﻝ ﺍﮔﺮ ﮐﺎﺭﺑﺮ ﺑﺎ ﮐﻠﻴﺪ ﺭﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﻴﻦ ﺳﺘﻮﻧﻬﺎ ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ‬
‫ﺑﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺑﺮﺳﺪ ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﺭ ﺑﻌﺪﯼ ﮐﻪ ﺍﺯ ﮐﻠﻴﺪ ﺭﺍﺳﺖ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ ﮐﻠﻴﻪ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎ ﻳﮑﯽ ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻮﻗﻌﻴﺖ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ‬
‫‪ 2‬ﺗﺎ ‪ 21‬ﺭﻭﯼ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﮐﺎﺭ ﺗﺎ ﺯﻣﺎﻧﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﯼ ﻧﺒﺎﺷﺪ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﻴﻦ ﻣﺴﺌﻠﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺟﻬﺖ‬
‫ﻋﻤﻮﺩﯼ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﺮﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻫﺎﯼ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﮐﺴﻞ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻨﺪﺍﮐﺴﻞ ﻭﺍﻗﻌﯽ ﻧﺎﻣﮕﺬﺍﺭﯼ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺎﻻ ﻭ ﭼﭗ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ‪) .‬ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﺍﻭﻝ ﺑﺎ ﺣﺮﻑ ‪A‬‬
‫ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ‪ (...‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﺎﻣﮕﺬﺍﺭﯼ ﻭ ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﺭﺍ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﺎ" ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻪ ﺍﮐﺴﻞ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻝ ﮐﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻳﮏ ﺧﻂ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﮐﺎﺭﺑﺮ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻳﮏ ﻋﺪﺩ ﻳﺎ ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻥ ﺭﺍ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﮐﻨﺪ ﮐﻪ ﺟﻮﺍﺏ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ ﻭ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﻓﺮﻣﺎﻥ ﻫﺎﻳﯽ ﮐﻪ ﮐﺎﺭﺑﺮ ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﻭﺍﺭﺩ ﮐﻨﺪ ‪ 4‬ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ‪sum,average,max,min‬‬
‫ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪﮐﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ‪:‬‬
‫‪Sum(B1:B4) or average(A6:A10) or max(C3:C74) ‬‬
‫ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻄﻮﺭ ﮐﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺑﻴﻨﻴﺪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﺩﻗﻴﻘﺎ" ﻣﺎﻧﻨﺪ ﺍﮐﺴﻞ ﻭﺍﻗﻌﯽ ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺑﻪ ﻫﻤﺎﻥ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻣﯽ ﮔﺮﺩﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺟﻮﺍﺏ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﻫﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺩﺭ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﺣﺎﻓﻈﻪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﻃﺮﺍﺣﯽ ﺻﻔﺤﻪ ﺍﮐﺴﻞ ﮐﺎﻣﻼ" ﺳﻠﻴﻘﻪ ﺍﯼ ﺑﻮﺩﻩ ﻭ ﻓﻘﻂ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺧﻮﺍﺳﺘﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺑﺮ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻣﮑﺎﻧﺎﺕ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭﯼ‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩ ﺗﻤﺎﻣﺎ" ﺟﻨﺒﻪ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﯽ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﻭ ﻧﺤﻮﻩ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﯼ ﺷﻤﺎ ﻧﻤﺮﻩ ﻣﺎﺯﺍﺩ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ ‪:‬‬
‫‪ (1‬ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺗﻮﺍﺑﻊ‪ ‬ﺩﻳﮕﺮﯼ ﭼﻮﻥ ‪ sin,cos,exp,log,...‬ﻭ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺧﺎﻧﻪ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ‪ ‬‬
‫‪ (2‬ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺗﺮﮐﻴﺒﯽ ﺗﻮﺍﺑﻊ ﮐﻪ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻫﺮﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺎﺕ ﺟﺒﺮﯼ ﺭﻭﯼ ﺗﻮﺍﺑﻊ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬‬
‫)ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ‪( sum(B1:B4)+average(A6:A10) :‬‬
‫‪ (3‬ﺍﻣﮑﺎﻥ ‪ SAVE , LOAD‬ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ‪ ‬‬
‫‪ (4‬ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺎﻭﺱ ‪ ‬‬
‫‪ (5‬ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﻣﻨﻮ ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﺑﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪ ‪ ‬‬
‫‪ (6‬ﻫﺮ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺎﻳﯽ ﻣﺎﺯﺍﺩ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﺨﻮﺍﻩ ﺷﻤﺎ )ﺑﻪ ﺗﻨﺎﺳﺐ ﺍﻣﺘﻴﺎﺯﺩﻫﯽ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ( ‪ ‬‬
‫ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﺩﻭﻡ ‪ :‬ﺑﺎﺯﯼ ﺑﺎ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺭﻳﺎﺿﯽ )‪ 3‬ﻧﻤﺮﻩ(‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻳﮏ ﻓﺎﻳﻞ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺎﻡ ‪ Input.txt‬ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭﺍﺗﯽ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﮐﻪ ﺷﻤﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻧﺎﻟﻴﺰ ﺁﻧﻬﺎ ﺟﻮﺍﺑﻬﺎﯼ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻓﺎﻳﻞ‬
‫‪ Output.txt‬ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭﺍﺕ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻭ ﺑﺨﺶ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﺎﺗﯽ ﻭ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺸﯽ ﺗﻘﺴﻴﻢ ﻣﯽ ﮔﺮﺩﻧﺪ ‪:‬‬
‫‪ (1‬ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﺎﺗﯽ ‪ :‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭﺍﺕ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻭ ﻓﺮﻣﺖ ﮐﻠﯽ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ‪:‬‬
‫‪Name1 N1 Operator1 N2 Operator2 N3 Operator3 N4 ‬‬
‫‪Swap N1 N2‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻓﺮﻣﺖ ﺍﻭﻝ ‪ Name1‬ﻧﺎﻡ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﯼ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺕ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﺷﺪﻩ )ﺑﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﻳﮏ ﭼﻨﺪﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺍﯼ ﺑﺎ‬
‫ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ ‪ (x‬ﺩﺭﺁﻥ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﭘﺮﺍﺗﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﺷﺎﻣﻞ ﻳﮑﯽ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻼﻣﺎﺕ * ‪ ‐ , + , ‬ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ﻭ ‪ N1,N2,N3,N4‬ﻣﯽ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﯼ ﺍﺯ ﭘﻴﺶ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﺷﺪﻩ ‪،‬‬
‫ﻳﮏ ﻋﺪﺩ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺧﻮﺩ ‪ x‬ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪) .‬ﺑﻴﻦ ﺍﭘﺮﺍﺗﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﻫﺎ ﻳﮏ ﻓﻀﺎﯼ ﺧﺎﻟﯽ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ( ‪ ‬‬
‫ﻻﺯﻡ ﺑﻪ ﺫﮐﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﻪ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺕ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﻭﻟﻮﻳﺖ ﺍﭘﺮﺍﺗﻮﺭﻫﺎ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﻳﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﭘﺲ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺖ ﻫﺮ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ﻳﮏ ﭼﻨﺪﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺍﯼ ﺍﺳﺖ ﮐﻪ ﺷﻤﺎ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺮ ﻧﺤﻮ ﺫﺧﻴﺮﻩ ﮐﻨﻴﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻓﺮﻣﺖ ﺩﻭﻡ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﺳﺒﺐ ﺟﺎﺑﺠﺎﻳﯽ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ ﭼﻨﺪﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺍﯼ ‪ N1 , N2‬ﻣﯽ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﯼ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭﺍﺕ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﮐﻨﻴﺪ ‪:‬‬
‫‪Temp1 1 + x * 2 ‬‬
‫‪Temp2 Temp1 * 2 ‬‬
‫‪Temp3 Temp1 + x * Temp2 – 3‬‬
‫‪Swap Temp1 Temp2 ‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺍﻭﻟﻴﻦ ﺧﻂ ﺍﺑﺘﺪﺍ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ ‪ Temp1‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ‪ 2x+1‬ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﯽ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺳﭙﺲ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ ‪Temp2‬‬
‫ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﺩﻭ ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ‪(Temp2=4x+2) Temp1‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﺘﺎ" ‪ Temp3‬ﺑﺮﺍﺑﺮ ‪ 4x^2+4x‐2‬ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﯽ ﮔﻴﺮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﭘﺲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﺟﺮﺍﯼ ﺧﻂ ﭼﻬﺎﺭﻡ ‪ Temp1=4x+2 , Temp2=2x+1 ،‬ﻣﯽ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪.‬‬
‫‪ (2‬ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭﺍﺕ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺸﯽ ‪ :‬‬
‫ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭﺍﺕ ﺑﻪ ﺳﻪ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺯﻳﺮ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ‪ :‬‬
‫‪Show Name ‬‬
‫‪Calc Name Numeber ‬‬
‫‪IsEqual Name1 Name2 ‬‬
‫ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ‪ Show‬ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﭼﻨﺪﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺍﯼ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ ‪ name‬ﺭﺍ ﻧﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﯽ ﺩﻫﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ‪ Calc‬ﻣﻘﺪﺍﺭ ﻋﺪﺩ ﺍﻋﺸﺎﺭﯼ‬
‫‪ Number‬ﺭﺍ ﺑﺠﺎﯼ ‪ x‬ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ ﭼﻨﺪﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺍﯼ ‪ name‬ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﺍﺩﻩ ‪ ،‬ﺣﺎﺻﻞ ﺭﺍ ﻣﯽ ﻳﺎﺑﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ‪ IsEqual‬ﺍﮔﺮ ﺭﺍﺑﻄﻪ‬
‫ﭼﻨﺪﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺍﯼ ﺩﻭ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮ ‪ Name1,Name2‬ﻳﮑﺴﺎﻥ ﺑﻮﺩ ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﮐﻠﻤﻪ ”‪ “yes‬ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﻏﻴﺮ ﺍﻳﻨﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﮐﻠﻤﻪ ”‪ “no‬ﺭﺍ‬
‫ﭼﺎﭖ ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
‫ﻧﮑﺎﺕ ‪:‬‬
‫• ﺩﺭ ﻓﺎﻳﻞ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ‪ Input.txt‬ﻫﻢ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭﺍﺕ ﻣﺤﺎﺳﺒﺎﺗﯽ ﻭ ﻫﻢ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭﺍﺕ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺸﯽ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ‪ .‬ﻭﻟﯽ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺯﺍﯼ ﻫﺮ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ‬
‫ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺸﯽ ﻳﮏ ﺧﻂ ﺟﻮﺍﺏ ﺩﺭ ﻓﺎﻳﻞ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ‪ Output.txt‬ﭼﺎﭖ ﻣﯽ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ .‬‬
‫• ﻫﺮ ﭼﻨﺪ ﺟﻤﻠﻪ ﺍﯼ ﺭﺍ ﺣﺪﺍﮐﺜﺮ ﺗﺎ ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ‪ 20‬ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒ ﻣﯽ ﮐﻨﻴﻢ‪ .‬‬
‫• ﺍﺯ ﻋﻼﻣﺖ ﺿﺮﺏ ﺩﺭ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﻧﻤﯽ ﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺕ ‪ 2x+2‬ﺭﺍ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ‪ 2*x+2‬ﻧﻮﺷﺖ‪ .‬‬
‫• ﺩﺭ ﭼﺎﭖ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻻﺕ ﺟﺒﺮﯼ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻫﻤﻴﺸﻪ ﺗﺮﻣﯽ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭﺟﻪ ﺑﻴﺸﺘﺮ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺭﺍ ﺯﻭﺩﺗﺮ ﭼﺎﭖ ﮐﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺕ ‪2x^2+2x‬‬
‫ﻫﺮﮔﺰ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ‪ 2x+2x^2‬ﭼﺎﭖ ﻧﻤﯽ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ .‬‬
‫• ﻫﺮ ﺩﻭ ﻓﺎﻳﻞ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ﻭ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﻣﺘﻨﯽ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ .‬‬
‫• ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭﺍﺕ ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﺣﺮﻭﻑ ﺑﺰﺭﮒ ﻭ ﮐﻮﭼﮏ ﻳﮑﺴﺎﻥ ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪) .‬ﺑﺮﺍﯼ ﻣﺜﺎﻝ ‪ isEQUAL‬ﺑﺎ ‪ IsEqual‬ﻳﮑﺴﺎﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ( ‪ ‬‬
‫• ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﯼ ﮐﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻌﺎﺭﻳﻒ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺳﺖ ‪ x‬ﻣﯽ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻭ ﻣﺘﻐﻴﺮﻫﺎﻳﯽ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ …‪ y , z , ‬ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﺪﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ .‬‬
‫• ﺩﺭ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﻋﺒﺎﺭﺍﺕ ﺟﺒﺮﯼ ﻫﻤﻴﺸﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﻭ ﻃﺮﻑ ﻋﻤﻠﮕﺮ ﺟﻤﻊ ﻭ ﺗﻔﺮﻳﻖ ﻳﮏ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﺩﻫﻴﺪ ﻭﻟﯽ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻃﺮﺍﻑ ﻋﻤﻠﮕﺮ ﺗﻮﺍﻥ‬
‫ﻫﻴﭻ ﻓﺎﺻﻠﻪ ﺍﯼ ﻧﮕﺬﺍﺭﻳﺪ‪ ).‬ﺷﮑﻞ ﺻﺤﻴﺢ ‪ 2x^2 + 2x :‬؛ ﺷﮑﻞ ﻏﻠﻂ ‪ (2x ^ 2+2 x :‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
‫ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﺍﯼ ﺍﺯ ﻳﮏ ﻓﺎﻳﻞ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ‪:‬‬
‫‪Temp1 1 + x * 2 ‬‬
‫‪Temp2 Temp1 * 2 ‬‬
‫‪SHOW Temp2 ‬‬
‫‪Calc Temp1 ‐1.2 ‬‬
‫‪Temp3 Temp1 + x * Temp2 – 3‬‬
‫‪isequal Temp2 Temp3 ‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
‫ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪ ﻓﺎﻳﻞ ﺧﺮﻭﺟﯽ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻭﺭﻭﺩﯼ ‪:‬‬
‫‪4x + 2 ‬‬
‫‪‐1.4 ‬‬
‫‪no ‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬