FATS
I. GAPFILL
Complete the following words into the gaps:
INFLAMMATION, ABSORB, CALORIES, LIPIDS, COMPOUNDS, FUNCTIONING,
HYDROGEN, SOURCE, FOOD, FATTY, ADIPOSE, EXERCISE, PROTEIN
DEFINITION
Fats are organic (compounds) that are made up of carbon, (hydrogen), and oxygen.
They are a source of energy in foods. Fats belong to a group of substances called
(lipids), and come in liquid or solid form. All fats are combinations of saturated and
unsaturated (fatty) acids.
FUNCTION
Fat is one of the three nutrients (along with (protein) and carbohydrates) that supply
calories to the body. Fat provides 9 (calories) per gram, more than twice the number
provided by carbohydrates or protein. Fat is essential for the proper (functioning) of
the body. Fats provide essential fatty acids, which are not made by the body and must
be obtained from (food). The essential fatty acids are linoleic and linolenic acid. They
are important for controlling (inflammation), blood clotting, and brain development.
Fat serves as the storage substance for the body's extra calories. It fills the fat cells (
(adipose) tissue) that help insulate the body. Fats are also an important energy
(source). When the body has used up the calories from carbohydrate, which occurs after
the first 20 minutes of (exercise), it begins to depend on the calories from fat. Healthy
skin and hair are maintained by fat. Fat helps the body (absorb) and move the vitamins
A, D, E, and K through the bloodstream.
II. LISTENING
Watch a part of the video in which Andrea will be trying to lose weight. Decide if the
sentences are true or false.
1. Andrea had tried many diets but none of them worked for her.
(TRUE)
2. She has undergone a CT test to see if she is healthy.
(FALSE)
3. 66% of Andrea's body is made up of fat.
(FALSE)
4. People in general cannot lose any fat cells - they can only change their sizes.
(TRUE)
5. Protein is the second most filling nutrient, the first is fat.
(FALSE)
6. Andrea has bought tuna because it is made up of lean protein.
(TRUE)
7. It has been found recently that calcium in the diet reduces the amount of fat absorbed
in the intestines.
(TRUE)
8. Andrea eats too much sweets especially when she watches TV.
(FALSE)
9. During barbecues people consume 70% more calories.
(FALSE)
III. VOCABULARY
Choose the correct type of fat
1. These fats are found in animal products such as butter, cheese, whole milk, ice
cream, cream, and fatty meats. They are also found in some vegetable oils -- coconut,
palm, and palm kernel oils.
(Saturated fats)
2. These fats are found for example in olive and canola oils.
(Monounsaturated fats)
3. These fats are found in fried foods, commercial baked goods (donuts, cookies,
crackers), processed foods, and margarines.
(Trans-fatty acids)
4. These fats can be found in fish, safflower, sunflower, corn, and soybean oils.
(Polyunsaturated fats)
5. These fats refer to oils that have become hardened (such as hard butter and
margarine).
(Hydrogenated fats)
IV. MATCHING
Match the beginning and end of each sentence.
1. The primary function of fat is to (furnish fuel for energy.)
2. Each gram of fat yields (9 calories.)
3. Adipose tissue is found throughout (the body.)
4. Vitamins A, D, E, and K are (found in fatty foods.)
5. Both cholesterol and triglycerides are transported around the body (in the form of
lipoproteins.)
6. The HDLs pick up cholesterol and carry (it back to the liver for processing.)
7. There are actually four classes of (lipoprotein.)
8. Dietary fats are first emulsified by (the action of bile salts.)