Thursday Jan 8-Week 1
TOPIC: Organisms obtaining Energy
DO NOW:
Science of Life
 OBJ : 1-3
-Complete Elodea Lab
-Review 8.1 Application Notes
EXIT: Fill in your level of understanding AND
HANDOUTS to PICK-UP:
-none
ABSENT
AGENDA
EXT:
DUE DATE:
DW: 8.1 Application Notes
---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------SEMINAR 2:
BEFORE/AFTER SCHOOL:
DW-8.1 Application Notes
TUESDAY
Tuesday: ___1__/__7___
OBJECTIVE…#_1-3____
TOPIC:
Organisms obtaining Energy
Daily Work Grade- 8.1 Reading Questions
DW GRADE:
2 1 0
DO NOW
•Q: Describe an example of the first
law of thermodynamics.
•A: Stored energy in food is
converted to chemical energy and
them to mechanical energy when
muscles move to do work
Today’s Objectives
PREREQUISITES:
1- COMPARE/CONTRAST autotrophs and heterotrophs
2- REVIEW the carbon cycle
8.1 HOW ORGANISMS OBTAIN ENERGY
1- SUMMARIZE the two laws of thermodynamics
2- DESCRIBE/ EXPLAIN ATP & how it works in the cell
3- COMPARE how processes of cellular energy are related to each other
Vocabulary
 energy
 thermodynamics
 metabolism
 photosynthesis
 cellular respiration
 ATP (adenosine triphosphate) ADP (adenosine diphosphate)-
These should be
done by test day!
COOPERATIVE LEARNING
LAB GROUP(3-5 students)
-working TOGETHER as a cooperative group to COMPLETE TASK
-EVERY TEAM MEMBER has a job and participates EQUALLY
1-READ THROUGH EACH TASK (silently or together)
2-DISCUSS (use POSITIVE communication)
3-ANSWER
4-MOVE ON (only when ALL team members understand)
QUESTIONS ?’s
-each other
CLARIFICATION
-Asking Mrs. Cohan for clarification NOT answers.
FYI
-discussion within COLORED group ONLY
LAB: photosynthesis & Respiration
PROCEDURE OVERVIEW
A
-elodea/BTB
-sealed
-dark
B
-elodea/BTB
-sealed
-light
C
-empty/BTB
-sealed
-dark
D
-empty/BTB
-sealed
-light
LAB: photosynthesis & respiration
DATA: color change of BTB [presence of CO2]
FLASK
INITIAL
AFTER blowing gently
Elodea
INITIAL
NA
NA
NA
NA
A
DARK
ELODEA
B
LIGHT
ELODEA
C
DARK
D
LIGHT
AFTER 24 hours
LAB: photosynthesis & respiration
PRELAB: IDENTIFY VARIABLES/ CONTROLS:
ENVIRONMENT [ plant- dark/light]
IV-INDEPENDENT VARIABLE: _________________________
presence [amt] of CO2 / O2
DV-DEPENDENT VARIABLE:
_________________________
beaker C [ dark environment] & D [light envirnt]
# drops of BTB
CONTROL: _________________________
CONSTANTS:
amount of H2O
-____________________________
time [24 hrs]
-____________________________
size of elodea [plant]
-____________________________
VIDEO CLIP
VIDEO CLIP- 15min how cells obtain energy
8.1 How Organisms Obtain Energy
Main Idea:
All living organisms use energy to carry out all biological
processes
VOCABULARY TERMS!
MATCH the definition with the correct term:
__C___ 1- the idea that energy cannot be created or destroyed
__E___ 2- all the chemical reactions in a cell
__F___ 3- anabolic pathway that converts energy from the Sun to chemical energy for use by cells
__A___ 4- ability to do work
__H___ 5- series of chemical reactions--the product of one reaction is the substrate for the next RXN
__I___ 6- biological molecule that provides chemical energy
__B___ 7- study of the flow & transformation of energy
__J___ 8- source of nearly all energy for life
__G___ 9- catabolic pathway that breaks down organic molecules
__D___ 10- amount of unusable energy, or entropy
TRANSFORMATION OF ENERGY
IDENTIFY four types of energy forms:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Light
Chemical
Mechanical
Thermal
TRANSFORMATION OF ENERGY
ANALYZE why living things need energy:
-to grow, move, reproduce, carry out biological processes
DESCRIBE how humans obtain energy:
-by eating & digesting food
IDENTIFY three of your body’s processes that require cellular energy:
-Digestion
-Respiration
-Movement
TRANSFORMATION OF ENERGY
COMPARE the laws about how energy flows. Give EX of each:
1st LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS
DEFINED
EXAMPLE
-Law of Conservation of
Energy
-Energy never created or
destroyed
-Energy is transformed or
converted
Food  Run
2ND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS
-Energy cannot be converted w/o the loss of
usable energy
-When lost-usually converted into thermal
energy
entropy-
Measure of disorder or unusable energy
Food Chains— usable energy decreases
TRANSFORMATION OF ENERGY
INSERT the terms above to complete the passage:
GROUP B
The group that makes their own food is ______________________________.
AUTOTROPHS
The organisms in this group are called ____________________.
GROUP A
The group that must eat other organisms for food is _______________________.
HETEROTROPHS
The organisms in this group are called ____________________.
Some organisms get their energy from inorganic substances, such as hydrogen sulfide.
These organisms are called _________________________.
CHEMOAUTOTROPHS
ORGANISM’S SOURCE OF ENERGY
HETEROTROPHSorganisms ingest food to
get energy
-animals
AUTOTROPHSorganisms make their own food
-plants/some bacteria
1-photo-autotrophs—convert
light energy from the SUN to
chemical energy
2-chemo-autotrophs—make
food with chemicals
Black smoker- Atlantic ocean
TRANSFORMATION OF
TRANSFORMATION
OFENERGY
ENERGY
SEQUENCE the flow of energy from the SUN to heterotrophs
-PLANTS/AUTOTROPHS [ capture energy from the SUN]
-CONVERT light energy to CHEMICAL ENERGY
-chemical energy STORED [glucosecarbohydrates]
-HETEROTROPHS obtain chemical energy by EATING
autotrophs/heterotrophs]
light energy
chemical energy
AUTOTROPHS
HETEROTROPHS
HETEROTROPHS
chemicalmechanical thermal
METABOLISM
METABOLISM
IDENTIFY the type of metabolic pathway(s) described below.
STAND UP SIT DOWN
catabolic
anabolic
-energy released / breaks down particles
catabolic
anabolic
-energy used/ builds larger molecules from smaller molecules
catabolic
anabolic
-provides continual flow of energy within an organism
catabolic
anabolic
-PHOTOSYNTHESIS
catabolic
anabolic
-RESPIRATION
METABOLISM
METABOLISM
COMPARE/CONTRAST -PHOTOSYNTHESIS & RESPIRATION
PG 220
Fig 8.3
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
-anabolic
-light  chemical
-takes place in chloroplast
-2 phases
-light dept/Calvin cycle
RESPIRATION
-catabolic
-release energy
-takes place mitochondria
-2 stages
-glycolisis / Krebs
METABOLISM
METABOLISM
IDENTIFY how organisms use energy provided in P & CR
AUTOTROPHS
make own food
-photoautotroph
-chemoautoroph
HETEROTROPHS
-CO2
-H2O
-O2
-C6H1206
-O2
-C6H1206
-CO2
-H2O
ingest food for
energy
-herbivore
-omnivore
-carnivore
ATP
Most important bio-molecule that provides chemical energy
BILL NYE ATP
ATP
ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE
ATP: THE UNIT OF CELLULAR ENERGY
COMPLETE WITH TABLE PARTNER
IDENTIFY the importance of ATP
-found in ALL organisms
-most ABUNDANT energy form
-VARIETY of REACTIONS
PROVIDE an example of how organisms use ATP
-muscles contracting [chemicalmechanical]
-cell movement (flagella / cilia)
-active transport
ATP:UNIT
THE UNIT
CELLULAR ENERGY
ATP: THE
OFOFCELLULAR
ENERGY
DIAGRAM/LABEL the STRUCTURE of ATP
-adenine base
-ribose sugar
-3 phosphate groups
ATP:UNIT
THE UNIT
CELLULAR ENERGY
ATP: THE
OFOFCELLULAR
ENERGY
SUMMARIZE:VIDEO CLIP
ATP
-provides quick energy
ADP
-bond broken 2-3 phosphate
-INTERCHANGE by + / - phosphate groups
-ENERGY reactions in cell
ATP
ADP
• Partially charged battery
• 2 phosphates
ATP
• Fully Charged Battery
• 3 phosphates
32
EXIT
FILL-IN: level of understanding of today’s objective

EXIT: Hypothesize as to why we
cover our cups for our lab.