mesoamerica - Dolgeville Central School

MESOAMERICA
EQ: 1) What is Mesoamerica?
2) What are some contributions from
Mesoamerica & how do they impact us?
3) How does the development of
Mesoamerica compare to the
development of other civilizations?
What is Mesoamerica?
ƒ Aka Middle America
ƒ Central America &
Mexico
THE OLMECS
ƒ 1400-500BCE
ƒ 1st major American
civilization
ƒ Settled along the gulf
coast of Mexico
ƒ Devoted to religion,
priests were honored
THE MAYAS (300-900CE)
ƒ 300-900CE
MAYAS-Farming & Trade
ƒ Advanced agricultural society
ƒ Most Mayans were farmers
ƒ Men cultivated, women made food
ƒ $$$ from profitable trade system
ƒ Traded across Central America
ƒ Honey, cocoa
MAYAS-Religion
ƒ Priests held very high social positions
ƒ Elaborate rituals held to ensure good
harvests & war victories
ƒ Only the priests could conduct these
rituals
MAYAS-Social Structure
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Distinct social hierarchy
Each city-state had a ruling chief
1) Chief
2) Nobles
ƒ City officials & military leaders
ƒ 3) Farmers
ƒ Ruling class mostly male, but women
could obtain some power
MAYAS-Contributions
ƒ Agriculture
ƒ Grew more than enough food
ƒ Raised fields in the rainforest
ƒ Architecture
ƒ Giant pyramid temples & palaces
ƒ Paintings & carvings about history
MAYAS-Contributions
ƒ Education: Advanced Learning & Science
ƒ Hieroglyphic writing, books made of bark
ƒ Priests created accurate 365 day calendar
ƒ Number system and concept of 0 before
Europeans
Archaeological Dig
Temples
Inside temple-no windows
DECLINE OF THE MAYAS
ƒ Around 900CE, the Mayas abandoned
their cities…
ƒ Why? Experts still not certain...
ƒ Warfare?
ƒ Overpopulation leading to lack of food?
ƒ Lower classes revolt?
ƒ Language still spoken in Guatemala &
southern Mexico