SOL Questions and Answers – THE WHOLE YEAR!!!
What region contains Maine, Vermont, and
Connecticut?
Northeast Region
What region contains Texas, Oklahoma, and Arizona?
Southwest Region
What region contains Ohio, Indiana, Wisconsin, and
Nebraska?
Mid West Region
What region contains Florida, Georgia, and Virginia?
Southeast Region
What region contains California, Washington, and
Oregon?
Pacific Region
What region contains Montana, Idaho, and Nevada?
Rocky Mountain Region
What region contains Alaska and Hawaii?
Noncontiguous Region
What region contains San Francisco, Los Angeles, and
Seattle?
Pacific Region
What region contains Juneau and Honolulu?
Noncontiguous Region
What region contains Chicago, St. Louis, and Detroit?
Mid West Region
What region contains Washington D.C., Atlanta, and
New Orleans?
Southeast Region
What region contains, Philadelphia, Boston, and
Pittsburgh?
Northeast Region
What region contains Denver, and Salt Lake City?
Rocky Mountain Region
What is the purpose of the 13th Amendment?
Bans slavery in the US and all its territories
What is the purpose of the 14th amendment?
Grants citizenship to all persons born in the US and
guarantees them equal protection under the law.
What is the purpose of the 15th amendment?
Ensures all citizens the right to vote regardless of
race, color, or previous condition of servitude.
What group of people could NOT hold office during
reconstruction?
Southern Military Leaders
What group of people could hold office during
reconstruction?
What was established to aid newly freedmen during
African Americans
Freedman’s Bureau
reconstruction?
What gave African Americans equal rights and
authorized the use of federal troops in the South?
Civil Rights Act of 1866
What is a carpetbagger?
Northerner who moved to the South to take
advantage of the South during Reconstruction
What ended Reconstruction?
Compromise of 1877
What person’s reconstruction plan called for
reconciliation and preservation of the Union; was not
concerned with punishing the South?
Abraham Lincoln
What person urged Southerners to reconcile with
Northerners at the end of the Civil War?
Robert E. Lee
Who fought for adoption of constitutional
amendments that guaranteed voting rights?
Frederick Douglass
Who became president of Washington College (later
called Washington and Lee University)?
Robert E. Lee
Who was a powerful voice for human rights and civil
liberties?
Frederick Douglass
What was the purpose of Jim Crow Laws?
Made segregation legal in the South
Who believed equality could be achieved through
vocational education?
Booker T. Washington
Who believed in full political, civil and social rights for
African Americans?
W.E.B Dubois
What was the land like in the Great Plains?
Flat, land eroded from wind and water, little rain,
dust storms, few trees
Name 8 new inventions that allowed people to live in
the Great Plains?
Barbed wire, steel plow, dry farming, sod houses,
beef cattle raising, wheat farming, windmills, railroads
Why did Western expansion increase after the Civil
War? (What were the reasons to go?)
Land ownership, new technology, discovery of gold
and silver, adventure, and new beginnings for African
Americans.
What Native American leaders opposed American’s
moving to the west?
Sitting Bull, Geronimo, Chief Joseph
What battle did Sitting Bull defeat General Custer?
Battle of Little Bighorn
What battle did Sitting Bull die?
Battle of Wounded Knee
Who said “I shall fight no more forever”?
Chief Joseph
Why were the buffalo killed on purpose by
Americans?
To force Native Americans on reservations and to
assimilate them into American culture
What industry was located in New England?
Textiles
What industry was located in Chicago?
Meat Packing
What industry was located in Pittsburgh?
Steel
What industry was located in Detroit?
Automobiles
Who invented electric lighting?
Thomas Edison
Who invented the telephone?
Alexander Graham Bell
Who was the captain of the oil industry?
John D. Rockefeller
Who was the captain of the steel industry?
Andrew Carnegie
Who was the captain of the railroad (or shipping
industry?
What caused the development of new markets
around the country?
Cornelius Vanderbilt
What caused a growth in industry?
Raw materials, availability of workers (immigrants),
and new inventions
Why did immigration increase in the early 1900s?
Better opportunities, religious freedom, escape
oppressive governments, adventure
Who founded the Hull House?
Jane Addams
What two groups of immigrants faced discrimination?
Chinese and Irish
Name 3 negative effects of industrialization?
Child Labor, Low wages, Long hours, Unsafe working
conditions
What is the purpose of the 18th amendment?
Banned the sale, manufacture, and consumption of
alcohol.
What is the purpose of the 19th amendment?
Gave women the right to vote.
Name two women who fought for women’s rights?
Susan B. Anthony, Elizabeth Cady Stanton
Invention of the Transcontinental Railroad
What was the result of the Homestead Strike?
People disliked labor unions.
What was the Temperance Movement?
A movement supporting the ban of making and
consuming alcohol.
Name three reforms from the Progressive Movement.
Restricted Child Labor, Reduced work hours,
Improved safety conditions
What ship exploded and caused Americans to want
war with Spain?
U.S.S. Maine
Exaggerated news reports of events are called –
Yellow Journalism
Why did the United States support Cuba’s
independence from Spain?
To protect American business in Cuba
What did the United States emerge as after the
Spanish American War?
World Power
What country gained independence after the Spanish
American War?
Cuba
What 3 territories did the US gain after the Spanish
American War?
Guam, Philippines, Puerto Rico
What kind of policy did President T. Roosevelt
advocate?
Big Stick Policy
The Roosevelt Corollary to the Monroe Doctrine
claimed the US was the world ___ power.
Police Power
What boat sank and caused Americans to want to
enter World War I?
Lusitania
What telegram from Germany to Mexico was
intercepted by the British?
Zimmerman Note (or Zimmerman Telegram)
What country did the US have close political and
economic ties to during WWI?
Who was the president of the US during WWI?
Great Britain
What were the names of the two alliances from
WWI?
Allied Powers and Central Powers
What countries made up the Allied Powers in WWI?
Great Britain, France, Russia, Serbia, Belgium, United
States
Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, Ottoman Empire
What countries made up the Central Powers in WWI?
Woodrow Wilson
What was the name of Woodrow Wilson’s peace
plan?
Fourteen Points
After WWI, what organization was created in Wilson’s
Fourteen Point peace plan?
League of Nations
What was the name of the treaty that ended WWI?
Treaty of Versailles
Yes or No. Did the US join the League of Nations?
NO
Yes or No. Did the US sign the Treaty of Versailles?
NO
Who invented the airplane?
Wright Brothers
What is Henry Ford famous for doing?
Using the assembly line to build the automobile
What is Prohibition?
A time when alcohol was illegal to manufacture,
transport, and sell
What is a speakeasy?
A place for people to drink alcohol during prohibition
What increased as a result of bootleggers and
smuggling alcohol?
Organized Crime
What amendment repealed prohibition?
21st amendment
What was the Great Migration?
African Americans moved to the North and West in
search of better job opportunities during the 1920s
and 1930s
Who painted urban scenes and later the southwest?
Georgia O’Keefe
Who wrote novels about the Jazz Age?
F. Scott Fitzgerald
Who wrote novels about migrant workers during the
1930s?
John Steinbeck
What two composers wrote uniquely American
music?
Aaron Copland and George Gershwin
Who wrote poems about experiences of African and
American cultural roots?
Langston Hughes
What chronicled the Great Migration through art?
Jacob Lawrence
What three African Americans influenced music?
Name three causes of the Great Depression.
Duke Ellington, Louis Armstrong, and Bessie Smith
Over speculation on stock, Federal Reserve failed to
save banks from failing, and high tariffs discouraged
international trade
How many workers were unemployed during the
Great Depression?
1 out of every 4 workers (25%)
What was the name of FDR’s plan to get American out The New Deal
of the Great Depression?
Name 5 parts of the New Deal.
Social Security, federal work programs, environmental
programs, farm assistance programs, and increased
rights for labor
What economic problems caused World War II?
World wide depression, Germany’s high World War I
debt, unemployment, and inflation
What is fascism?
A type of government in which all power is given to a
dictator (no individual freedoms)
What three countries made up the Axis Powers?
Germany, Italy, and Japan
Name the leaders from the Axis Powers?
Hitler, Mussolini, and Hideki Tojo
What countries made up the Allied Powers?
USA, Great Britain, Soviet Union
Name the leaders from the Allied Powers?
Franklin Roosevelt (later Harry Truman), Winston
Churchill, and Joseph Stalin
What was the first event of WWII?
Germany invades Poland
What country did Germany invade after Poland?
France
What is the name of the battle in which Germany
bombed London?
Battle of Britain
What was the Lend Lease Act?
USA gave Great Britain war supplies in return for
military bases in Bermuda and the Caribbean
What country attacked the US in Pearl Harbor?
Japan
Who declared war on the US after the US declared
war on Japan?
Germany
What battle was the turning point in the Pacific?
Battle of Midway
What was the turning point in Eastern Europe?
Battle of Stalingrad
What began the Allied troops’ liberation of Western
D-Day (Allied troops invaded Normandy, France)
Europe?
What two cities did the US drop an atomic bomb?
Nagasaki and Hiroshima
What is anti-Semitism?
Hatred of Jews
What is Aryan Supremacy?
Belief that Aryans are superior to others
What is the holocaust?
They systematic attempt to rid Europe of all Jews
What tactics did Hitler use to rid Europe of all Jews?
Threats, boycotts, segregation , imprisonment in
concentration and death camps
Who worked in defense plants in the USA during
WWII?
Women (and African Americans)
How did Americans support the war effort at home?
Conserving and rationing resources
What happened to Japanese Americans during WWII?
They were forced into internment camps on the West
coast
What happened to African Americans during WWII?
The war temporarily broke racial barriers because
they were needed to work in defense plants
What officially ended the Great Depression?
World War II
What happened to the US economy after WWII?
It Boomed
What happened to women working in factories after
WWII?
They were forced to leave their jobs to make room for
men returning from war
What was the name of the plan to provide aid to
Europe to help them rebuild after the war?
Marshall Plan
What happened to Germany after the war?
It was partitioned (divided) into East and West
Germany
Who controlled West Germany?
USA, Great Britain, France
Who controlled East Germany?
Soviet Union
What happened to Japan after WWII?
Occupied by American forces. Soon adopted a
democratic form of government and became an US
ally
What was the purpose United Nations?
To prevent future global wars
What was the Cold War?
Tension but no fighting between the USA and the
USSR
What military alliance was the US part of during the
Cold War?
North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)
What military alliance was the USSR part of during the Warsaw Pact
Cold War?
What is containment?
A policy to stop the spread of communism
Who supported South Korea during the Korean War?
USA
Who supported North Korea during the Korean War?
China
How did the Korean War end?
Stalemate
What country put missiles in Cuba?
USSR
How did the Cuban Missile Crisis end?
The USSR removed the missiles in response to a US
blockade of Cuba
What is the Domino Theory?
The fear that if one country falls to communism the
rest will fall, too.
How did the Vietnam War end?
Ended in a cease-fire agreement in which US troops
withdrew.
How did Americans feel about the Vietnam War?
They were divided on whether the US should be
involved militarily in Vietnam
What caused the collapse of communism in Europe?
The break up of the Soviet Union and the destruction
of the Berlin Wall
What was the baby boom?
An increase in population after WWII
What was the evolving role of women after WWII?
Women were expected to play a supporting role in
the family while increasingly working outside the
home
What famous female played a role in expanding
human rights?
Eleanor Roosevelt
What was the G.I. Bill?
Gave educational, housing, and employment benefits
to veterans.
Who desegregated the military?
President Truman
What court case ruled “separate but equal” was ok?
Plessey v. Ferguson
What court case desegregated schools?
Brown v. Board of Education
Who believed in passive resistance against segregated Martin Luther King Jr.
facilities?
Who started the Montgomery bus boycott?
Rosa Parks
What organization was created to help end
segregation?
National Association for the Advancement of Colored
People (NAACP)
What are examples of passive resistance against
segregation?
Organized protests, marches, sit-ins
Who gave the famous “I have a dream” speech at the
March on Washington?
Martin Luther King Jr.
What was the Civil Rights Act of 1964?
Ended discrimination in the area of housing, hiring,
education and public places
What was the Voting Rights Act of 1965?
Ended discriminatory voting practices, like poll taxes
and literacy tests
What workplace disadvantages did women face in the
1960s?
Discrimination in hiring practices and lower wages
than men
What organization was created to fight for women’s
rights?
NOW – National Organization for Women
What federal legislature was created to give women
equal rights in sports?
Title IX
What was the Equal Rights Amendment?
Failed legislation that gave women equal rights in
business and public services
What is globalization?
Links nations together through trade, technology, and
communication
What benefits does the space industry have on
America?
Satellites – cell phones, TV, Computers, etc.
What is the benefit of news and entertainment
industry?
Better access to information
What is the benefit of the transportation industry?
Increased domestic and international travel for
business and pleasure
Who discovered plasma?
Charles Drew
Who was in charge of the Manhattan Project?
J. Robert Oppenheimer
Who is a famous architect?
Frank Lloyd Wright
Who is a famous African American historian?
Henry Louis Gates
Who is famous for her literature and poetry?
Maya Angelou
Who is a famous dancer?
Martha Graham
Who created Microsoft?
Bill Gates
Who started franchising and McDonald’s?
Ray Kroc
What area of the world has the US seen an increase in Middle East
conflicts?
The US has seen an increase in immigration from
what two areas of the world?
Hispanics and Asians
Name two environmental issues?
Global climate change and conserving water and
natural resources
What is a pandemic?
A disease that spreads quickly across many countries