Darwin Initiative Project 17-022
Conservation of the Lowland Savannas of Belize
Botanical Inventory of the Lowland Savanna of Belize
Checklist of the lowland savanna of the Rio Bravo
Conservation and Management Area
1. Introduction....................................................................................................................................................3
1.1. Summary .................................................................................................................................................3
1.2. Darwin Initiative project 17-022.............................................................................................................3
2. Botanical Collections .....................................................................................................................................3
2.1. Locations.................................................................................................................................................3
2.2. Historical collections ..............................................................................................................................5
2.3. Darwin Initiative project survey sites .....................................................................................................5
3. Summary of Checklist....................................................................................................................................5
3.1. Checklist .................................................................................................................................................5
3.2. IUCN listed species.................................................................................................................................5
3.3. Endemic species......................................................................................................................................6
3.4. Other species of interest..........................................................................................................................6
3.5. Undercollected species............................................................................................................................6
4. Checklist ........................................................................................................................................................7
5. Survey Site Descriptions..............................................................................................................................41
Site 34 ..........................................................................................................................................................41
Site 35 ..........................................................................................................................................................43
Site 35 ..........................................................................................................................................................43
Site 45 ..........................................................................................................................................................45
Site 46 ..........................................................................................................................................................46
Site 47 ..........................................................................................................................................................48
Site 48 ..........................................................................................................................................................50
Site 49 ..........................................................................................................................................................52
6. References....................................................................................................................................................54
Zoë Goodwin (Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh)
German Lopez (Environmental Research Institute, University of Belize)
Dimitrios Michelakis (University of Edinburgh)
The work for this report was sponsored by the Darwin Initiative, Project 17-022
1. Introduction
1.1. Summary
This report presents an annotated checklist of 312 vascular plant species collected in the lowland savanna in
the Rio Bravo Conservation and Management Area (RBCMA). A brief description of the levels and
locations of plant collections in lowland savanna within and near to the. RBCMA is provided and species
that are rare, IUCN listed or endemic to Belize are highlighted. Two savanna formations which occur in the
RBCMA; the open savanna on well-drained, coarse sand and the seasonally inundated shrubland adjacent to
the New River Lagoon are highlighted as being unusual in Belize. Additionally provided are brief survey
reports for each site within and near to the reserve surveyed as part of the Darwin Initiative Project 17-022.
This report does not include botanical information from habitat that is not classified as lowland savanna that
may occur within the RBCMA. In addition there species that occur in the lowland savanna within the
RBCMA may be missing from this checklist, thus it is suggested that this report is used as a preliminary
checklist of the savanna in conjunction with the Checklist of the Lowland Savanna of Belize (Goodwin et
al., In Press) and a previous checklist for this habitat in the RBCMA (Bridgewater et al., 2002).
1.2. Darwin Initiative project 17-022
Darwin Initiative project 17-022, ‘Conservation of the Lowland Savanna of Belize’ main purpose is to
increase available data and enhance the capacity of local institutions to undertake taxonomic research and
mapping, required to identify priority areas for conservation within lowland savanna of Belize. In response
to this urgent need for information about the biodiversity of the lowland savanna, this project seeks to
strengthen local capacity in plant taxonomy.
2. Botanical Collections
2.1. Locations
General botanical collecting has occurred at 14 locations within the lowland savanna in the RBCMA (Figure
1), most collecting has occurred in the lowland savanna between Hill Bank and East Gate. Some collecting
has occurred in the savanna south of San Felipe, however the savanna south of Hill Bank and most of the
savanna south of San Felipe remain poorly collected.
Figure 1. Plant collection localities within and near to the lowland savanna in the RBCMA, numbers of botanical collections
(herbarium specimens and observations) are indicated for each location.
2.2. Historical collections
The majority of collections in the lowland savanna RBCMA have been by staff and students of the Royal
Botanic Garden Edinburgh (E), starting with Ibáñez García, Bridgewater, and Ratter in 1996 and 2002
(Bridgewater et al., 2002) and students from the MSc in Biodiversity and Taxonomy of Plants field course
from 2001 to the present day. Other significant collectors include Whitefoord of the Natural History
Museum, London (BM) in 1992, however most botanical collectors in the RBCMA, such as Balick and
Arvigo, Brokaw and Iremonger primarily collected in the broadleaf forest, with none or few collections from
the lowland savanna.
2.3. Darwin Initiative project survey sites
Seven locations were surveyed during the Darwin Initiative project 17-022 ‘Conservation of the Lowland
Savanna of Belize’, detailed later in this report. Due to the high numbers of existing collections in the
vicinity of the East Gate and Hill Bank Field Station the project focussed surveys in the savanna and
wetlands south of San Felipe. Sites 34 and 35 are oak woodland close to the village of San Felipe, site 45
was a Cladium jamaicense dominated wetland near Booth’s River and sites 46 to 49 a range of sites in
savanna predominately in the southern most end of the San Felipe savanna.
3. Summary of Checklist
3.1. Checklist
The checklist presented for botanical collections in the RBCMA includes 312 species (including 8 varieties
and 6 subspecies) in 229 genera and 95 families. This preliminary checklist represents 32.6% of the species
in the national checklist of the lowland savanna (Goodwin et al., In Press) suggesting that there are more
species to be recorded in the lowland savanna of the RBCMA.
3.2. IUCN listed species
Only 51 of the more than 4,300 vascular plant species recorded in Belize have been assessed in the IUCN
Red List of Threatened Species (IUCN, 2011); six of these species (Table 1) have been collected in the
lowland savanna in the RBCMA. One species, Zamia prasina W. Bull, is currently listed as critically
endangered, one species, Vitex gaumeri Greenm., as endangered, three species are listed as least concern and
one species as near threatened.
Family
Zamiaceae
Species
Zamia prasina W. Bull
IUCN Red List Status and Criteria
CR B1ab(ii,iii,iv,v);C1 ver 3.1
Pop. trend: decreasing
Lamiaceae
Vitex gaumeri Greenm.
EN
C2a ver 2.3
(needs updating)
Combretaceae
Conocarpus erectus L.
LC
ver 3.1
Pop. trend: decreasing
Rhizophoraceae
Rhizophora mangle L.
LC
ver 3.1
Pop. trend: decreasing
Pinaceae
Pinus caribaea Morelet
LC
ver 2.3
(needs updating)
Apocynaceae
Aspidosperma megalocarpon Müll. Arg.
NT
ver 2.3
(needs updating)
Table 1 Species occurring in the lowland savanna of Belize and listed in The World Conservation Union (IUCN) 2010 Red Data
List of Threatened Species. CR = critically endangered; EN = endangered; NT = lower risk/near threatened; VU = vulnerable; LC
= least concern.
3.3. Endemic species
Eight endemic species (Table 2) have been recorded in the lowland savannas of the RBCMA; four of these
species (Metastelma stenomeres (Standl. & Steyerm.) W.D. Stevens, Ageratum radicans B.L. Rob.,
Passiflora urbaniana Killip and Zamia prasina) are relatively common species found in most districts of
Belize, one species (Crossopetalum gentlei (Lundell) Lundell) is only found in the lowland savanna of
Orange Walk and Belize districts. The three endemic species of Eriocaulaceae (Paepalanthus gentlei
Moldenke, Syngonanthus bartlettii Moldenke and Syngonanthus lundellianus Moldenke) are extremely rare
and have only been collected a few times previously, for more information on Eriocaulaceae of Belize
please refer to Goodwin et al.(2011).
Family
Apocynaceae
Asteraceae
Celastraceae
Eriocaulaceae
Eriocaulaceae
Eriocaulaceae
Passifloraceae
Zamiaceae
Species
Metastelma stenomeres (Standl. & Steyerm.) W.D. Stevens
Ageratum radicans B.L. Rob.
Crossopetalum gentlei (Lundell) Lundell
Paepalanthus gentlei Moldenke
Syngonanthus bartlettii Moldenke
Syngonanthus lundellianus Moldenke
Passiflora urbaniana Killip
Zamia prasina W. Bull
Table 2 Endemic species recorded in the lowland savanna of the RBCMA.
3.4. Other species of interest
Rare species observed or collected in the RBCMA include Polygala glochidiata Kunth, Cleome lanceolata
(Mart. & Zucc.) H.H. Iltis, Burmannia flava Mart., Buchnera floridana Gand. and Sauvagesia tenella Lam..
Sabal yapa C. Wright ex Becc. and Krameria ixine Loefl. are both new records for Belize.
Krameria ixine only grows in open areas of well-drained, coarse sand such as occurs in the savanna south of
San Felipe and north of Hill Bank (Goodwin et al., In Press), in conjunction with species such as
Heliotropium filiforme Lehm., and open mats of Cladonia lichens in open patches of sand. This habitat is
extremely vulnerable to disturbance and is thought to be very unusual in Belize, it may well occur in both
areas of lowland savanna within the RBCMA.
The seasonally inundated shrubland located between the New River Lagoon and the pine savanna at Hill
Bank is a large and well-developed example of this rare formation (Cameron et al., 2010). The seasonally
inundated shrubland is important for Haematoxylum campechianum L. (Logwood) a species heavily
commercially exploited in the past, it also appears to the only habitat that species such as Heteropterys
lindeniana A. Juss. and Malpighia lundellii C.V. Morton occur in.
3.5. Undercollected species
Whilst there are gaps in our knowledge the lowland savanna in the RBCMA is one of the best collected
areas of lowland savanna of Belize. However notably undercollected groups include the families Myrtaceae,
Bromeliaceae and Orchidaceae, the latter two families no doubt due to CITES permits required to collect
these families. Aquatic species found in the wetlands and New River Lagoon are reasonably well collected,
but it can be expected that there are more species still to be found. The family Eriocaulaceae is currently
represented by five species in the RBCMA checklist, however it should be expected that further collecting
could reveal more species.
4. Checklist
Species lists are provided for each location based upon herbarium specimens collected (voucher cited as
appropriate) and observations recorded as part of Darwin Initiative project surveys (‘s.n. (N/A)’). The
Fabaceae family is broken into 3 subfamilies and species are presented with infraspecific taxa where
appropriate. For synonymy, bibliographic references and other notes please refer to the national lowland
savanna checklist in Goodwin et al. (In Press).
LYCOPODIOPHYTA
LYCOPODIACEAE
Lycopodiella caroliniana (L.) Pic. Serm. var. meridionalis (Underw. & F.E. Lloyd) B. Øllg. & P.G.
Windisch
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: East Gate Bridgewater, S.G.M. 248 (E); Hill Bank, 3km South Gulliver, S. 7 (E), Irving, H. 156
(E).
PTERIDOPHYTA
BLECHNACEAE
Blechnum serrulatum Rich.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wetland.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 3km South Oldroyd, L. 3 (BRH, E).
PTERIDACEAE
Acrostichum aureum L.
Local Name: Helecho, Tiger Bush.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wetland/Coast.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Creek Ibáñez García, A. 193 (E), 194 (E).
Anetium citrifolium (L.) Splitg.
Habit: Epiphyte. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 1km North Goodwin, Z.A. 1858 (BRH, E).
Vittaria lineata (L.) Sm.
Local Name: Sebollin.
Habit: Epiphyte. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 1km North Goodwin, Z.A. 1828 (BRH, E).
SALVINIACEAE
Salvinia minima Baker
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wetland.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Creek Ibáñez García, A. 198B (E).
THELYPTERIDACEAE
Thelypteris ovata R.P. St. John
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Creek Ibáñez García, A. 192 (E).
PINOPHYTA
PINACEAE
Pinus caribaea Morelet
Local Name: Huhub, Pine, Pino.
Habit: Tree. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
CYCADOPHYTA
ZAMIACEAE
Zamia prasina W. Bull
Habit: Woody Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: East Gate Ibáñez García, A. 133 (E); Hill Bank, 2km South Goodwin, Z.A. 1805 (BRH, E); San
Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
ENDEMIC.
MAGNOLIOPHYTA
ACANTHACEAE
Aphelandra scabra (Vahl) Sm.
Local Name: Anal, Anal Grande, Anal-chae, Cabeza de Indio, Chacanal, Indian Head, Pito, Red Anal, Red
Head Indian.
Habit: Woody Herb. Habitat: Savanna/Forest.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Field Station Harris, D.J. 7887 (E).
Odontonema callistachyum (Schltdl. & Cham.) Kuntze
Habit: Woody Herb. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: East Gate Ibáñez García, A. 151 (E).
ALISMATACEAE
Sagittaria lancifolia L.
Local Name: Kibix.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wetland.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A); Hill Bank Creek Ibáñez García, A. 220 (E); Hill
Bank Forrest, A.D. 40 (E).
AMARYLLIDACEAE
Hymenocallis littoralis (Jacq.) Salisb.
Local Name: Beach Spider Lily, Lirio Blanco.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wetland.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A); Hill Bank Bridgewater, S.G.M. 302 (E); San
Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
ANACARDIACEAE
Metopium brownei (Jacq.) Urb.
Local Name: Black Poison Wood, Che-chen, Chechem, Honduras Walnut.
Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
ANNONACEAE
Annona glabra L.
Local Name: Alligator Apple, Bobwood, Corkwood, Gob Apple, Swamp Apple, Yobapple.
Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Creek Ibáñez García, A. 205 (E).
Mosannona depressa (Baill.) Chatrou subsp. depressa
Local Name: Che-che, Chief of Herbs, Elemuil, Eremuel, Eremuil, Itz-imul, Lancewood, Mahana,
Sufrekaya, Wild Coffee, Wild Soursop.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: East Gate Ibáñez García, A. 149 (E).
APOCYNACEAE
Aspidosperma megalocarpon Müll.Arg.
Local Name: Malady Blanco, My Lady, Peechmaax.
Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: East Gate Bridgewater, S.G.M. 329 (E), 339 (E).
Blepharodon mucronatum (Schltdl.) Decne.
Local Name: Tietie.
Habit: Climber. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Access Road Whitefoord, C. 8065 (BM).
Cameraria latifolia L.
Local Name: Chechem de Caballo, Savanna White, Savanna White Poisonwood, White Poison Wood,
White Poison-Wood.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Bridgewater, S.G.M. 309 (E); Hill Bank Field Station Armstrong, K.E. 474 (E), 494
(E); Hill Bank, 1km South Chioureas, G. 1 (E); Hill Bank, 2km South Goodwin, Z.A. 683 (BRH, E); Hill
Bank Forrest, A.D. 39 (E); San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
Mandevilla hirsuta (Rich.) K. Schum.
Habit: Climber. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 1km North Goodwin, Z.A. 1849 (BRH, E).
Mandevilla subsagittata (Ruiz & Pav.) Woodson
Habit: Climber. Habitat: Savanna/Forest.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 1km North Goodwin, Z.A. 1842 (BRH, E); San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. 1549 (BRH, E).
Metastelma stenomeres (Standl. & Steyerm.) W.D. Stevens
Habit: Climber. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Field Station Seed, L. 4 (E); San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
ENDEMIC.
Pentalinon andrieuxii (Müll.Arg.) B.F. Hansen & Wunderlin
Local Name: Ciro-ak, Sak-sa-yumb', Salsa, Selsa, Snake Root, Tulipan del Monte, Waica Contribo.
Habit: Climber. Habitat: Disturbance.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Field Station Armstrong, K.E. 490 (E).
Rauvolfia tetraphylla L.
Local Name: Tèk-ta-men, Túk-ta-men.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 329 (E).
Tabernaemontana alba Mill.
Local Name: Chaklikin, Cogeton, Cojeton, Cojon De Perro, Cojoton, Dog Balls, Grampballs, Horse's Balls,
Huevo De Cuchu, Huevos De Caballo (female type), Huevos De Cucho, Ton Chà, Ton-chi, Ton-sàmin,
Ton-simin.
Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 324 (E); Hill Bank Field Station Armstrong, K.E. 484
(E), Espona, S.P. 10 (E).
Thevetia ahouai (L.) A. DC.
Local Name: Chi-chi-yák, Cocheton, Cogotone, Cojón De Mico, Cojotón, Dog Balls, Dog's Tongue,
Grandfather's Balls, Huevo De Chucho, Juevo De Chucha, Tse-puà, Tsu-pèi, Tsu-púi, Tze-pui.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Disturbance.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 3km South Robertson, B. 1 (E).
AQUIFOLIACEAE
Ilex belizensis Lundell
Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 1km North Goodwin, Z.A. 1816 (BRH, E); Hill Bank, 2km South Goodwin, Z.A. 1801
(BRH, E).
Ilex guianensis (Aubl.) Kuntze
Local Name: Bastard Waterwood, Birdberry, Boy Job, Broken Ridge Waterwood, Cassada, Dogwood,
Laurel Del Agua.
Habit: Tree. Habitat: Savanna/Forest.
Vouchers: East Gate Ibáñez García, A. 179 (E); Hill Bank Clayton, J.W. 2 (E).
ARACEAE
Syngonium angustatum Schott
Habit: Epiphyte. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: East Gate Ibáñez García, A. 172 (E).
ARECACEAE
Acoelorraphe wrightii (Griseb. & H. Wendl.) H. Wendl. ex Becc.
Local Name: Chi-it, Hairy Tom, Hairy Tom Palmetto, Honduras Pimenta, Palma, Palmetto, Papta, Pim-iént,
Pim-int, Pimento Palm, Prementa, Primenta, Ta-sis-te, Taciste, Tasiste.
Habit: Palm. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A); East Gate Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A); San Felipe
Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
Sabal yapa C. Wright ex Becc.
Local Name: Bay Leaf Palm, Big Thatch, Botan, Botán, Huano, Thatch Palm.
Habit: Palm. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 1km South Ganesan, S.K. 84 (E).
ASTERACEAE
Acmella pilosa R.K. Jansen
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Disturbance.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Whitefoord, C. 8140 (BM, MO).
Ageratum radicans B.L.Rob.
Habit: Woody Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A); Hill Bank Field Station Caldwell, A.L. 1 (BM,
E); Hill Bank, 1km North Goodwin, Z.A. 1841 (BRH, E); Hill Bank, 3km South Gulliver, S. 4 (E); Hill
Bank, 4km South Espona, S.P. 3 (E); Hill Bank Forrest, A.D. 21 (E); San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
ENDEMIC.
Calea jamaicensis (L.) L.
Local Name: Xicin.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: East Gate Bridgewater, S.G.M. 319 (E), Ibáñez García, A. 127 (E); Hill Bank Forrest, A.D. 18
(E), 26 (E).
Calea ternifolia Kunth var. ternifolia
Local Name: Yaxhatz.
Habit: Woody Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 2km South Kuempers, B.M.C. 1 (BRH, E).
Eclipta prostrata (L.) L.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Disturbance.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Whitefoord, C. 8154 (BM, MO).
Emilia fosbergii Nicolson
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 307 (E); Hill Bank Access Road Whitefoord, C. 8110
(BM, MO).
Melanthera nivea (L.) Small
Local Name: Bega, Boton Blanco, Hotz, Spanish Needle, Tup-lan-xix.
Habit: Woody Herb. Habitat: Disturbance.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Whitefoord, C. 8067 (BM, MO); Hill Bank Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 271 (E); Hill
Bank, 2km South Wangchuck, K. 7 (E).
Mikania micrantha Kunth
Habit: Climber. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Creek Ibáñez García, A. 210 (E).
Neurolaena lobata (L.) R. Br. ex Cass.
Local Name: An-mánk, Jackass Bitters, K'an-mank, Kabayim, Mano de Lagarto, Tres Puntas.
Habit: Woody Herb. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 4km South Khaw, S.H. 765 (E).
Pluchea foetida (L.) DC.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wetland.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Ibáñez García, A. 282 (E).
Pluchea odorata (L.) Cass.
Local Name: Caal Ce.
Habit: Woody Herb. Habitat: Disturbance.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Access Road Whitefoord, C. 8088 (BM), 8123 (BM).
Wedelia acapulcensis Kunth
Habit: Woody Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: East Gate Bridgewater, S.G.M. 318 (E); Hill Bank Ibáñez García, A. 300A (E), Whitefoord, C.
8141 (BM), Youngson, A. 3 (E).
Wedelia hispida Kunth
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: East Gate Ibáñez García, A. 164 (E).
BIGNONIACEAE
Crescentia cujete L.
Local Name: Calabash, Hom, Huaz, Jicara, Savanna Calabash, Wild Calabash.
Habit: Tree. Habitat: Wetland.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A); Hill Bank, 2km South Gulliver, S. 8 (E); San
Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
BORAGINACEAE
Heliotropium filiforme Lehm.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. 1677 (BRH, E).
Varronia curassavica Jacq.
Local Name: Ak-sheb.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 3km South Gulliver, S. 1 (E).
Varronia spinescens (L.) Borhidi
Local Name: Behuco Negro, Black Vine, Box-ak.
Habit: Climber/Shrub. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: East Gate Ibáñez García, A. 167 (E); Hill Bank Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 249 (E).
BROMELIACEAE
Tillandsia balbisiana Schult. f.
Habit: Epiphyte. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Ibáñez García, A. 284 (E).
BURMANNIACEAE
Burmannia capitata (Walter ex J.F. Gmel.) Mart.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 1km South Prickett, R.M. 2 (BRH, E); Hill Bank, 2km South Jones, K.E. 1 (BRH, E);
San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
Burmannia flava Mart.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 2km South Goodwin, Z.A. 1866 (E).
BURSERACEAE
Bursera simaruba (L.) Sarg.
Local Name: Birch, Ca-c-ch, Ca-cah, Cha-c, Cha-ca, Cha-cah, Chacah, Gumbo Limbo, Gumbolimbo,
Gumbolimbo Blanco, Hukup, Indio Desnudo, Indio Peludo, Palo Chino, Palo Jiote, Red Gombo Limbo,
Sirvella Simarona, White Gumbolimbo, Xa-ka, Xaka.
Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: East Gate Bridgewater, S.G.M. 285 (E).
CAMPANULACEAE
Lobelia cardinalis L.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wetland.
Vouchers: East Gate Bridgewater, S.G.M. 341 (E).
CELASTRACEAE
Crossopetalum gentlei (Lundell) Lundell
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: East Gate Ibáñez García, A. 160 (E); Hill Bank Field Station Armstrong, K.E. 473 (E), 497 (E);
Hill Bank Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 262 (E); Hill Bank, 2km South Goodwin, Z.A. 679 (BRH, E).
ENDEMIC.
Hemiangium excelsum (Kunth) A.C.Sm.
Local Name: Roble, Tietie.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 302 (E), 336 (E); East Gate Ibáñez García, A. 134 (E);
Hill Bank, 2km South Vandrot, H. 1 (E); San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
Hippocratea volubilis L.
Local Name: Barracuta Tietie.
Habit: Climber. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Field Station Banfield, L. 1 (BRH, E).
CHRYSOBALANACEAE
Chrysobalanus icaco L.
Local Name: Caye Caulker Plum, Coco Plum, Coco-Plum, Cocoplum, Hicaco Plum, Icaco, Jicaco Plum,
Ka-ka-tà, Kocho-rhum.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Linares-Palomino, R. 12 (E); Hill Bank Field Station Armstrong, K.E. 493 (E); Hill
Bank, 2km South Vint, K. 4 (E); San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
Hirtella racemosa Lam. var. hexandra (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Prance
Local Name: Blossom Berry, Grenada, Uyamache, Wild Pigeon Plum.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: East Gate Goodwin, Z.A. 677 (BRH, E), Ibáñez García, A. 144 (E); Hill Bank Brown, C.M. 2
(E); Hill Bank Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 255A (E); Hill Bank, 1km North Goodwin, Z.A. 1862 (BRH, E);
Hill Bank, 7km South Price, R.H. 101 (E).
CLEOMACEAE
Cleome lanceolata (Mart. & Zucc.) H.H. Iltis
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. 1682 (BRH, E).
CLUSIACEAE
Calophyllum brasiliense Cambess. var. rekoi (Standl.) Standl.
Local Name: Santa Maria.
Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: East Gate Bridgewater, S.G.M. 272 (E), 328 (E).
Vismia camparaguey Sprague & L. Riley
Local Name: C'am-para-why, Can't-be-helped, Ka'n-k'arhy, Old William, Ringworm Tree, Sak'-am-pa-raguáy, Wild Annato, Yellow Sangre.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 245 (E).
COCHLOSPERMACEAE
Cochlospermum vitifolium (Willd.) Spreng.
Local Name: Amapa, Chum, Comasuche, Cotton Flower, Cotton Tree, Pahote, Pochote, Wild Cotton.
Habit: Tree. Habitat: Savanna/Forest.
Vouchers: East Gate Ibáñez García, A. 183 (E); Hill Bank Field Station Gulliver, S. 9 (E); San Felipe
Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
COMBRETACEAE
Bucida buceras L.
Local Name: Bullet Tree, Bully Tree, Pucte, Puk-te.
Habit: Tree. Habitat: Wetland.
Vouchers: East Gate Ibáñez García, A. 147B (E); Hill Bank Linares-Palomino, R. 13 (E); Hill Bank Field
Station Armstrong, K.E. 495 (E); Hill Bank, 1km South Chan, I.J. 1 (E).
Conocarpus erectus L.
Local Name: Botoncillo, Button-bush, Buttonwood, Kanche, White Mangrove.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Coast.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Ratter, J.A. 6650 (BRH).
CONNARACEAE
Connarus lambertii (DC.) Sagot
Local Name: Can-shúl.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: East Gate Ibáñez García, A. 157 (E); East Gate, 3km Milton, J.J. 10 (E); Hill Bank, 1km North
Goodwin, Z.A. 1838 (BRH, E); Hill Bank, 2km South Papanikolaou, E. 1 (BRH, E).
CONVOLVULACEAE
Evolvulus sericeus Sw.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 3km South Irving, H. 152 (E); Hill Bank, 4km South Espona, S.P. 5 (E).
Ipomoea indica (Burm.) Merr.
Local Name: Gloria de la Mañana.
Habit: Climber. Habitat: Disturbance.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Creek Ibáñez García, A. 211 (E).
Ipomoea sagittata Poir.
Habit: Climber. Habitat: Wetland.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A); Hill Bank Creek Ibáñez García, A. 212 (E); Hill
Bank Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 255 (E).
Ipomoea tuxtlensis House
Habit: Climber. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: East Gate Ibáñez García, A. 156 (E).
Merremia cissoides (Lam.) Hallier f.
Habit: Climber. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. 1672 (BRH, E).
CYPERACEAE
Bulbostylis barbata (Rottb.) C.B.Clarke
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 235 (E).
Bulbostylis juncoides (Vahl) Kük. ex Osten
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 236 (E).
Cladium jamaicense Crantz
Local Name: Cutting Grass, Paint Brush Grass.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wetland.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A); Hill Bank Rose-Innes, R. 293 (MO); Hill Bank
Creek Ibáñez García, A. 223A (E).
Cyperus aggregatus (Willd.) Endl.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wetland.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Creek Ibáñez García, A. 188B (E).
Cyperus haspan L.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wetland.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Field Station Sharp, C.J. 4 (E).
Eleocharis geniculata (L.) Roem. & Schult.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wetland.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
Eleocharis interstincta (Vahl) Roem. & Schult.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wetland.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Ibáñez García, A. 259 (E).
Fimbristylis dichotoma (L.) Vahl
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Access Road Whitefoord, C. 8058 (BM).
Fuirena camptotricha C. Wright
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Access Road Whitefoord, C. 8056 (BM); Hill Bank, 1km North Goodwin, Z.A. 1824
(BRH, E).
Fuirena umbellata Rottb.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wetland.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Creek Ibáñez García, A. 188A (E).
Pycreus polystachyos (Rottb.) P. Beauv.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wetland.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Access Road Whitefoord, C. 8039 (BM), 8114 (BM).
Rhynchospora barbata (Vahl) Kunth
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 1km South Ibáñez García, A. 280 (E); Hill Bank Forrest, A.D. 16 (E);.
Rhynchospora cephalotes (L.) Vahl
Local Name: Armadillo Grass, Sek.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wetland.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Smith, A. 4 (E).
Rhynchospora contracta (Nees) J. Raynal
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Disturbance.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Access Road Whitefoord, C. 8136 (BM).
Rhynchospora divergens Chapm. ex M.A. Curtis
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Field Station Caldwell, A.L. 3 (E).
Rhynchospora exaltata Kunth
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 2km South Palmer, W.J. 1 (BRH, E).
Rhynchospora holoschoenoides (Rich.) Herter
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wetland.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Field Station Sharp, C.J. 3 (E); Hill Bank Forrest, A.D. 17 (E), 38 (E), 41 (E).
Rhynchospora nervosa (Vahl) Boeck. subsp. ciliata (G.Mey.) T. Koyama
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Disturbance.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Goodwin, Z.A. 1681 (BRH, E); Hill Bank, 2km South Goodwin, Z.A. 681
(BRH, E); San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. 1562 (BRH, E).
Rhynchospora radicans (Schltdl. & Cham.) H. Pfeiff. subsp. radicans
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Disturbance.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Forrest, A.D. 14 (E).
Scleria bracteata Cav.
Local Name: Cutting Grass, Razor Grass, Sacate Narjuela, Sawgrass.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: East Gate Ibáñez García, A. 177 (E); Hill Bank Forrest, A.D. 35 (E); San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A.
s.n. (N/A).
Scleria distans Poir.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 276 (E); Hill Bank, 4km South Caldwell, A.L. 2 (E).
Scleria melaleuca Rchb. ex Schltdl. & Cham.
Local Name: Monkey-razor.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Access Road Whitefoord, C. 8060 (BM).
DILLENIACEAE
Curatella americana L.
Local Name: Chaparro, Saha, Sandpaper Tree, Yaha.
Habit: Tree. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 2km South Binder, M.D. 1 (E); San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
Davilla kunthii A. St.-Hil.
Local Name: Chaparo, Chaparro, Cow's Tongue, Lengue de Vaca, Levisa, Oregano de Marte, Poor Man
Sandpaper, Sandpaper Tree, Sarah Handkerchief, Si-hob.
Habit: Climber/Shrub. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: East Gate Goodwin, Z.A. 671 (BRH, E); Hill Bank Adeyanju, M.A. 1 (E); Hill Bank Field Station
Brett, H.L. 1 (E); Hill Bank, 1km North Goodwin, Z.A. 1850 (BRH, E); Hill Bank, 2km South Wangchuck,
K. 8 (E); Hill Bank, 3km South Gulliver, S. 6 (E); San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A); Tiger Creek
Ruhsam, M. 3 (E).
DIOSCOREACEAE
Dioscorea matagalpensis Uline
Habit: Climber. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 3km South Jones, K.E. 3 (BRH, E).
DROSERACEAE
Drosera capillaris Poir.
Local Name: Spider Plant.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 1km South Prickett, R.M. 3 (BRH, E); San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
EBENACEAE
Diospyros bumelioides Standl.
Habit: Tree. Habitat: Savanna/Forest.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A); Hill Bank, 2km South Tut, F.S. 2 (BRH, E); San
Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
ERIOCAULACEAE
Eriocaulon fuliginosum C. Wright ex Griseb.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 2km South Goodwin, Z.A. 1806 (BRH, E), Tut, F.S. 3 (BRH, E); San Felipe Goodwin,
Z.A. 1674 (BRH, E), 1683 (BRH, E).
Paepalanthus gentlei Moldenke
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 2km South Goodwin, Z.A. 1804 (BRH, E).
ENDEMIC.
Paepalanthus lamarckii Kunth
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 2km South Goodwin, Z.A. 1803 (BRH, E); Hill Bank, 3km South Twinning, F.C. 1B
(BRH, E); San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. 1673 (BRH, E).
Syngonanthus bartlettii Moldenke
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 2km South Goodwin, Z.A. 1802 (BRH, E); Hill Bank, 3km South Twinning, F.C. 1A
(BRH, E).
ENDEMIC.
Syngonanthus lundellianus Moldenke
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. 1675 (BRH, E).
ENDEMIC.
ERYTHROXYLACEAE
Erythroxylum guatemalense Lundell
Local Name: Ka-ka-ti', Redwood, Ridge Redwood, Swamp Redwood, Wild Pepper.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Savanna/Forest.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A); East Gate Bridgewater, S.G.M. 260 (E), 264 (E);
San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
Erythroxylum rotundifolium Lunan
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Savanna/Forest.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 314 (E); East Gate Ibáñez García, A. 142 (E).
EUPHORBIACEAE
Croton hirtus L'Hér.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Disturbance.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 233 (E).
Jatropha gaumeri Greenm.
Habit: Tree/Shrub. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: East Gate Bridgewater, S.G.M. 327 (E).
Sebastiania adenophora Pax & K.Hoffm.
Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 328 (E); East Gate Ibáñez García, A. 140 (E), 166 (E).
FABACEAE - CAESALPINIOIDEAE
Bauhinia ungulata L.
Local Name: Cow Foot Tree, Pie de Vaca.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Twinning, F.C. 3 (BRH, E); Hill Bank Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 246 (E).
Caesalpinia gaumeri Greenm.
Local Name: Axe Master, Bastard Logwood, Citinche, Peccary Wood, Quebra Hacha, Rudo del Monte,
Warree Wood, Warriewood.
Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: San Felipe Bridgewater, S.G.M. 2570 (E).
Chamaecrista diphylla (L.) Greene
Habit: Woody Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Forrest, A.D. 31 (E); San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
Chamaecrista flexuosa (L.) Greene var. flexuosa
Habit: Woody Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Field Station Sharp, C.J. 1 (E); Hill Bank Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 228 (E), 241 (E);
Hill Bank Forrest, A.D. 5 (E); San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
Chamaecrista hispidula (Vahl) H.S. Irwin & Barneby
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 318 (E), 340 (E); Hill Bank Sharp, C.J. 2 (BRH, E); Hill
Bank Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 225 (E); Hill Bank, 2km South Davies, C.J.J. 1 (BRH, E); Hill Bank, 3km
South Galley, C.A. 13 (BRH, E); Hill Bank Forrest, A.D. 13 (BRH, E); San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n.
(N/A), 1555 (BRH, E).
Chamaecrista kunthiana (Schltdl. & Cham.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 3km South Galley, C.A. 12 (E); San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
Chamaecrista nictitans (L.) Moench
Habit: Woody Herb. Habitat: Disturbance.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Access Road Whitefoord, C. 8113 (BM, MO); San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
Haematoxylum campechianum L.
Local Name: Ek, Logwood, Tinta.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Wetland.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 317 (E); Hill Bank, 1km South Vandrot, H. 2 (E).
Senna undulata (Benth.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby
Local Name: Dulia, John Crow Bead, Karaban-se-ché.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 312 (E); Hill Bank Access Road Whitefoord, C. 8134
(BM).
FABACEAE - FABOIDEAE
Aeschynomene histrix Poir.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Tiger Creek Russell, A. 8 (E).
Aeschynomene paniculata Willd. ex Vogel
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. 1685 (BRH, E).
Clitoria guianensis (Aubl.) Benth.
Local Name: Mauve Bell.
Habit: Woody Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
Crotalaria sagittalis L.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 226 (E); San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
Dalbergia glabra (Mill.) Standl.
Local Name: Cibix, Logwood Brush, Muk.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Wetland.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A), Ibáñez García, A. 330 (E); Hill Bank
Bridgewater, S.G.M. 299 (E).
Desmodium barbatum (L.) Benth.
Local Name: Wild Senna.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Access Road Whitefoord, C. 8186 (BM); Hill Bank Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 230
(E); Hill Bank, 3km South Braidwood, D.W. 1 (BRH, E); San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A), 1550 (BRH,
E), 1686 (BRH, E).
Eriosema crinitum (Kunth) G. Don
Habit: Woody Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 2km South Tut, F.S. 1 (BRH, E).
Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Kunth ex Walp.
Local Name: Hotz, Madre Cacao, Madre de Cacao, Madre de Cacao., Mother of Coffee, Xabyaab.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: East Gate Ibáñez García, A. 136 (E); Hill Bank Field Station Armstrong, K.E. 482 (E); Hill
Bank, 4km South Espona, S.P. 9 (E); San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
Macroptilium gracile (Benth.) Urb.
Habit: Climber. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 2km South Goodwin, Z.A. 1807 (E); Hill Bank Forrest, A.D. 11 (E); San Felipe
Goodwin, Z.A. 1551 (BRH, E).
Pachyrhizus erosus (L.) Urb.
Local Name: Wild Hicama, Yam Bean.
Habit: Climber. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
Pachyrhizus ferrugineus (Piper) M. Sørensen
Local Name: La Disgracea, Wild Hicama.
Habit: Climber. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Field Station Armstrong, K.E. 487 (E).
Rhynchosia americana (Mill.) Metz
Habit: Climber. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 227 (E).
Rhynchosia minima (L.) DC.
Habit: Climber. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 2km South Irving, H. 173 (E).
Stylosanthes guianensis (Aubl.) Sw.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
Stylosanthes viscosa Sw.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Creek Ibáñez García, A. 216 (E); Hill Bank Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 229 (E); San
Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
Tephrosia nitens Benth. ex Seem.
Habit: Woody Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Forrest, A.D. 10 (E).
Vigna linearis (Kunth) Maréchal, Mascherpa & Stainier
Habit: Climber. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A), 1547 (BRH, E).
Zornia diphylla (L.) Pers.
Note: Balick et al. (2000 p. 95) suggest that this name has been misapplied to the species Zornia reticulata
Sm. in Belize.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 254B (E).
Zornia reticulata Sm.
Note: Balick et al. (2000 p. 95) suggest that the name Zornia diphylla (L.) Pers. has been misapplied to this
species in Belize.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Forrest, A.D. 4 (E).
FABACEAE - MIMOSOIDEAE
Acacia collinsii Saff.
Local Name: Bull's Horn Acacia, Cockspur, Subin, Zubin.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: East Gate Goodwin, Z.A. 678 (BRH, E).
Calliandra houstoniana (Mill.) Standl.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 319 (E); East Gate Ibáñez García, A. 125 (E); Hill Bank,
1km North Goodwin, Z.A. 1820 (BRH, E); San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
Calliandra tergemina (L.) Benth.
Local Name: Old Man's Beard.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: East Gate Ibáñez García, A. 153 (E), Hill Bank, 7km South Price, R.H. 102 (E).
Cojoba recordii Britton & Rose
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: East Gate Bridgewater, S.G.M. 295 (E).
Havardia albicans (Kunth) Britton & Rose
Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: East Gate Ibáñez García, A. 135 (E).
Lysiloma latisiliquum (L.) Benth.
Local Name: Chalan, Rain Tree, Salaam, Salam, Salem, Salom.
Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: East Gate Bridgewater, S.G.M. 326 (E).
Mimosa albida Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: East Gate Ibáñez García, A. 168 (E); Tiger Creek Ridley, R. 3 (BRH, E).
Mimosa asperata L.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Wetland.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Creek Ibáñez García, A. 187 (E).
Mimosa bahamensis Benth.
Local Name: Bastard Logwood, Catseem Logwood, Citsim, Katsim, Logwood Brush, Raintree, White
Logwood Brush.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Wetland.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A); East Gate Bridgewater, S.G.M. 265 (E); Hill
Bank, 2km South Baba, Y. 1 (BRH, E).
Mimosa pigra L.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Disturbance.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Field Station Armstrong, K.E. 485 (E).
Mimosa somnians Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.
Habit: Woody Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Irving, H. 168 (E), Linares-Palomino, R. 6 (E); Hill Bank, 2km South Heller, T.M. 7
(E).
Pithecellobium lanceolatum (Humb. & Bonpl. ex Willd.) Benth.
Local Name: Bastard Bully Tree, Chucum, Red Fawl.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Savanna/Forest.
Vouchers: East Gate Ibáñez García, A. 129 (E), 165 (E); Hill Bank Linares-Palomino, R. 4 (E); Hill Bank,
1km North Goodwin, Z.A. 1852 (BRH, E); San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
FAGACEAE
Quercus oleoides Schltdl. & Cham.
Local Name: Live Oak, Oak.
Habit: Tree. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: East Gate Bridgewater, S.G.M. 294 (E); Hill Bank, 2km South Prickett, R.M. 1 (BRH, E); San
Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A), 1689 (BRH, E).
GENTIANACEAE
Coutoubea spicata Aubl.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 308 (E); East Gate Ibáñez García, A. 174 (E); Hill Bank
Field Station Armstrong, K.E. 479 (E); Hill Bank, 3km South Galley, C.A. 7 (E), Gulliver, S. 2 (E); Hill
Bank Forrest, A.D. 29 (E).
Schultesia brachyptera Cham.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 2km South Tut, F.S. 7 (BRH, E).
Schultesia guianensis (Aubl.) Malme
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 2km South Irving, H. 165 (E); San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
HYDROLEACEAE
Hydrolea spinosa L.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wetland.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
HYPERICACEAE
Hypericum pratense Schltdl. & Cham.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Ibáñez García, A. 288 (E); Hill Bank Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 274 (E); Hill Bank,
2km South Harris, D.J. 9637 (BRH, E).
HYPOXIDACEAE
Curculigo scorzonerifolia (Lam.) Baker
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 2km South Goodwin, Z.A. 110 (E); San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
IRIDACEAE
Alophia silvestris (Loes.) Goldblatt
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
Cipura campanulata Ravenna
Local Name: Pine Ridge Audrey.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 1km South Home Robertson, P. 2 (E); Hill Bank Forrest, A.D. 36 (E).
Cipura paludosa Aubl.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Field Station Armstrong, K.E. 477 (E); Hill Bank, 4km South Espona, S.P. 7 (E).
KRAMERIACEAE
Krameria ixine Loefl.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. 1684 (BRH, E).
LAMIACEAE
Cornutia pyramidata L.
Local Name: Baston de Vieja, Matasano, Stinkin' Bush, Tzultesnuk.
Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 272 (E).
Hyptis capitata Jacq.
Local Name: Charleston, Shkot-ka-wye.
Habit: Woody Herb. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Field Station Watson, M. 5 (E).
Hyptis conferta Pohl ex Benth.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: East Gate Bridgewater, S.G.M. 292 (E); Hill Bank Brown, C.M. s.n. (E); Hill Bank, 3km South
Irving, H. 158 (E); Hill Bank, 4km South Khaw, S.H. 767 (E); Rio Bravo Chalmers, A. 1 (BRH, E), Forrest,
A.D. 22 (E); San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
Marsypianthes chamaedrys (Vahl) Kuntze
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: East Gate Ibáñez García, A. 178 (E); Hill Bank, 2km South McKendrick, S. 1 (BRH, E); Hill
Bank Forrest, A.D. 2 (E); San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A), 1561 (BRH, E).
Vitex gaumeri Greenm.
Local Name: Blue Blossom, Dogwood, Fiddlewood, Flor Azul, Matasano, Sak-u-sol, Second Yax Nik,
Walking Lady, Ya Ch Nik, Yax nik, Yax Nik Ux Pe.
Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 338 (E).
LAURACEAE
Cassytha filiformis L.
Local Name: Jaundice Tie Tie.
Habit: Climber/Parasite. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A); East Gate Goodwin, Z.A. 672 (BRH, E); Hill
Bank Field Station Armstrong, K.E. 471 (E), 488 (E); Hill Bank, 1km North Goodwin, Z.A. 1847 (BRH, E);
Hill Bank, 1km South Milton, J.J. 2 (E); Hill Bank Forrest, A.D. 12 (E); San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n.
(N/A).
Nectandra salicifolia (Kunth) Nees
Local Name: Aguacatillo, Black Water, Black Wattle, La Amor, Laraull, Laurel, Timber Sweet,
Timbersweet.
Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 2km South Baden, H.M. 1 (E).
LENTIBULARIACEAE
Utricularia adpressa Salzm. ex A. St.-Hil. & Girard
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 2km South McKendrick, S. 2 (BRH, E); Hill Bank, 3km South Galley, C.A. 10 (BRH,
E), Taylor-Pigott, A.S. 1 (BRH, E); Hill Bank Forrest, A.D. 33 (BRH, E).
Utricularia amethystina Salzm. ex A. St.-Hil. & Girard
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 2km South Strydonck, E.H.M. van 1 (BRH, E).
Utricularia foliosa L.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wetland.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A); Hill Bank Ibáñez García, A. 261 (E); Hill Bank,
1km South McKendrick, S. 4 (BRH, E); Hill Bank Forrest, A.D. 42 (BRH, E).
Utricularia juncea Vahl
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 2km South McKendrick, S. 3 (E).
Utricularia pusilla Vahl
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 2km South Harris, D.J. 9634 (BRH, E).
LOGANIACEAE
Mitreola petiolata (J.F. Gmel.) Torr. & A. Gray
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wetland.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Goodwin, Z.A. 1680 (BRH, E); Hill Bank Creek Ibáñez García, A. 209 (E);
Hill Bank, 2km South Harris, D.J. 9633 (BRH, E).
Spigelia anthelmia L.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Disturbance.
Vouchers: San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
LORANTHACEAE
Phthirusa pyrifolia (Kunth) Eichler
Local Name: Scan-dirt, Scorn de Earth.
Habit: Epiphyte/Hemiparasite. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Creek Ibáñez García, A. 208 (E), 215 (E); Hill Bank Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 269
(E).
Struthanthus orbicularis (Kunth) Blume
Local Name: God Almighty, Scorn de Earth.
Habit: Epiphyte/Hemiparasite. Habitat: Wetland.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Creek Ibáñez García, A. 207 (E).
LYTHRACEAE
Cuphea carthagenensis (Jacq.) J.F. Macbr.
Local Name: Banti-osh, Chichibe, Hogweed.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Disturbance.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 1km North Goodwin, Z.A. 1817 (BRH, E).
MALPIGHIACEAE
Byrsonima crassifolia (L.) Kunth
Local Name: Chà, Chi, Craboo, Crabu, Crapoo, Grabon, Nance, Nanci, Nonce, Sacpan, Sour Caraboo, Sour
Craboo, Wild Caraboo, Wild Craboo, Zacpan.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Linares-Palomino, R. 10 (BRH, E); Hill Bank Field Station Armstrong, K.E. 489 (E);
East Gate Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A); San Felipe Alcorn, P.W. 570 (MO), Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
Heteropterys laurifolia (L.) A. Juss.
Note: This record is probably a misidentification of Heteropterys lindeniana A. Juss., however the specimen
cited has not been seen to verify this.
Local Name: Tietie.
Habit: Climber. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 265 (E).
Heteropterys lindeniana A. Juss.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Wetland.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 341 (E), 345 (E); Hill Bank Bridgewater, S.G.M. 307
(E), Ibáñez García, A. 287 (E); Hill Bank Creek Ibáñez García, A. 224 (E); Hill Bank, 1km South
McKenzie, F.J. 1 (BRH, E).
Malpighia lundellii C.V. Morton
Local Name: Hickatee Plum.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Wetland.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Bridgewater, S.G.M. 2753 (E).
Stigmaphyllon ellipticum (Kunth) A. Juss.
Local Name: Lady Guinweo.
Habit: Climber. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 305 (E).
Tetrapterys arcana C.V. Morton
Habit: Climber/Shrub. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Field Station Armstrong, K.E. 480 (E).
MALVACEAE
Hampea trilobata Standl.
Local Name: Bak-el-man, Bake Mung, Kajana, Maho, Majana, Majava, Majua, Mohara Blanca, Moho, Salt
Water Motto.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: East Gate Bridgewater, S.G.M. 263 (E), Ibáñez García, A. 161 (E); Tiger Creek Prince, S. 1 (E).
Helicteres guazumifolia Kunth
Local Name: Mahaua, Momo.
Habit: Woody Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Brown, C.M. 6 (E), Youngson, A. 4 (E); Hill Bank Field Station Armstrong, K.E. 492
(E); Hill Bank, 3km South Smith, A. 1 (E); Hill Bank Forrest, A.D. 27 (E).
Hibiscus costatus A. Rich.
Local Name: Cwo-yâ, Cwo-yó, Wild Okra.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 309 (E); Hill Bank Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 244 (E);
Hill Bank, 2km South Frisby, S.M. 2 (E), Wangchuck, K. 3 (E).
Melochia spicata (L.) Fryxell
Habit: Woody Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: East Gate Goodwin, Z.A. 675 (BRH, E); Hill Bank Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 231 (E); Hill
Bank, 3km South Irving, H. 159 (E); San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
Pachira aquatica Aubl.
Local Name: Provisia Tree, Provision Bark, Provision Tree, Santa Domingo, Santa Domino, Santo
Domingo, Sapote Bobo, Uacut, Zapote Bobo, Zapoton.
Habit: Tree. Habitat: Wetland.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A); Hill Bank Creek Ibáñez García, A. 213 (E); Hill
Bank Field Station Armstrong, K.E. 498 (E).
Pseudobombax ellipticum (Kunth) Dugand
Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: East Gate Bridgewater, S.G.M. 284 (E).
Sida linifolia Cav.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
Waltheria indica L.
Local Name: Malva Macho, Wild Chi-Chi Be.
Habit: Woody Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Brown, C.M. 5 (E); San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
MARANTACEAE
Maranta arundinacea L.
Local Name: Camotillo, Wild Arrowroot.
Habit: Woody Herb. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: East Gate Ibáñez García, A. 171 (E).
MELASTOMATACEAE
Acisanthera bivalvis (Aubl.) Cogn.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Linares-Palomino, R. 1 (E); Hill Bank Field Station Watson, M. 7 (E); Hill Bank, 1km
South Aguilar, R. 1 (E); Hill Bank, 3km South Irving, H. 161 (E); Hill Bank Forrest, A.D. 37 (E).
Acisanthera crassipes (Naudin) Wurdack
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 2km South Guy, C.T. 2 (BRH, E).
Acisanthera quadrata Pers.
Local Name: Sirinillo.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 1km North Purvis, D. 2 (BRH, E); Hill Bank, 3km South Irving, H. 164 (E).
Clidemia capitellata (Bonpl.) D. Don var. neglecta (D. Don) L.O. Williams
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: East Gate Goodwin, Z.A. 668 (BRH, E).
Clidemia novemnervia (DC.) Triana
Note: This species is easily confused with Clidemia strigillosa (Sw.) DC. (Davidse et al., 2009 p. 204) due
to obscure differentiating characters.
Local Name: Pa-sas.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Ibáñez García, A. 285 (E).
Clidemia sericea D. Don
Local Name: Chiganettes, Sirin.
Habit: Woody Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: East Gate Goodwin, Z.A. 669 (BRH, E), Ibáñez García, A. 126 (E); Hill Bank Youngson, A. 5
(E); Hill Bank Field Station Armstrong, K.E. 483 (E); Hill Bank, 1km North Goodwin, Z.A. 1843 (BRH, E);
Hill Bank Forrest, A.D. 24 (E); San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
Clidemia strigillosa (Sw.) DC.
Note: This species is easily confused with Clidemia novemnervia (DC.) Triana (Davidse et al., 2009 p. 210)
due to obscure differentiating characters.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: East Gate Goodwin, Z.A. 667 (BRH, E); Hill Bank, 3km South Stott, G. 4 (BRH, E); Hill Bank,
3km South Galley, C.A. 8 (E).
Conostegia xalapensis (Bonpl.) D. Don ex DC.
Local Name: Ah-sàrh, Chigger Nits, Sirin, Siron, Uva.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 4km South Khaw, S.H. 766 (E).
Miconia albicans (Sw.) Steud.
Local Name: Pine Ridge Sirin, Shma-mu-cal, Yax-pa-sas.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: East Gate Goodwin, Z.A. 670 (BRH, E), Ibáñez García, A. 170 (E); Hill Bank Brown, C.M. 7
(E).
Miconia chamissois Naudin
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 2km South MacKinnon, L. 1 (E), Puglisi, C. 1 (E).
Miconia ciliata (Rich.) DC.
Local Name: Ah-sàr, Chuk-pa-sas, Concha del Tortuga "Shell of turtle", Kak-he-a-sir', Maya, Maya Seed,
Sak-he-asàr', Sirin, Wild Maya.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: East Gate Goodwin, Z.A. 665 (BRH, E); Hill Bank Access Road Urban, L. 3 (E); Hill Bank, 1km
North Tesh, J. 2 (BRH, E).
Miconia prasina (Sw.) DC.
Local Name: Macho del Eremul, Pigeon Berries, Sirin.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Savanna/Forest.
Vouchers: East Gate Bridgewater, S.G.M. 297 (E); Hill Bank, 1km North Goodwin, Z.A. 1854 (BRH, E).
Pterolepis stenophylla Gleason
Local Name: Sa-cha-pàm (Swamp Bush).
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: East Gate Goodwin, Z.A. 674 (BRH, E); Hill Bank, 1km North Appleby, M. 5 (BRH, E); Hill
Bank, 2km South Tut, F.S. 6 (BRH, E).
Tococa guianensis Aubl.
Local Name: Broadleaf Sirin, Ish-k'a-pim.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: East Gate Goodwin, Z.A. 666 (E); Hill Bank, 2km South Coyle, C.P. 1 (E).
MENISPERMACEAE
Cissampelos pareira L.
Habit: Climber. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: East Gate Ibáñez García, A. 182 (E).
Hyperbaena winzerlingii Standl.
Local Name: Knock-me-back, Tcansic, Tkansik.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 326 (E).
MENYANTHACEAE
Nymphoides indica (L.) Kuntze
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wetland.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A); Hill Bank, 2km South Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
MORACEAE
Ficus ovalis (Liebm.) Miq.
Local Name: Amate, Fig, Matapalo.
Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Creek Ibáñez García, A. 191 (E).
Trophis racemosa (L.) Urb.
Local Name: Breadnut, Cherry, Female White Ramon, Ramon Blanco, Yax Ox, Yellow Ramon.
Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 339 (E).
MYRICACEAE
Myrica cerifera L.
Local Name: Myrtle, Sause Bastardo, Tea Bark, Tea Box.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: East Gate Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A), Ibáñez García, A. 128 (E); Hill Bank Field Station Watson,
M. 4 (E); Hill Bank, 2km South Goodwin, Z.A. 682 (BRH, E), Wangchuck, K. 9 (E); San Felipe Goodwin,
Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
MYRSINACEAE
Parathesis cubana (A. DC.) Molinet & M. Gómez
Local Name: Ix-pam-bul, Pidgeon Grape, Residan.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: East Gate Ibáñez García, A. 175 (E); Hill Bank, 1km North Goodwin, Z.A. 1846 (BRH, E); Hill
Bank, 4km South Espona, S.P. 6 (E).
MYRTACEAE
Eugenia venezuelensis O. Berg
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Ibáñez García, A. 286 (E); Hill Bank Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 254A (E).
Eugenia winzerlingii Standl.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: East Gate Ibáñez García, A. 131 (E), 146 (E); Hill Bank Field Station Armstrong, K.E. 475
(BRH, E).
NYMPHAEACEAE
Nymphaea ampla (Salisb.) DC.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wetland.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Creek Ibáñez García, A. 200 (E).
OCHNACEAE
Ouratea lucens (Kunth) Engl.
Local Name: Laurel, Laurel Macho, Monkey Apple.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: East Gate Bridgewater, S.G.M. 273 (E), Ibáñez García, A. 152 (E), Skema, C. 2 (E); Hill Bank
Field Station Ronse de Craene, L. 1452 (E).
Ouratea nitida (Sw.) Engl.
Local Name: Bastard Blossom Berries, Indian Bead, Sak-chich-mui, Wild Cork Wood.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Field Station Armstrong, K.E. 491 (E); Tiger Creek Ridley, R. 1 (E).
Sauvagesia erecta L.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: East Gate Bridgewater, S.G.M. 250 (E), Goodwin, Z.A. 673 (BRH, E), Ronse de Craene, L. 1454
(E); Hill Bank Field Station Armstrong, K.E. 478 (E); Hill Bank, 1km North Goodwin, Z.A. 1818 (BRH, E);
Hill Bank, 1km South Ronse de Craene, L. 1450 (E), 1451 (E), Wangchuck, K. 2 (E); Hill Bank, 2km South
Bransgrove, K. 1 (E), Vint, K. 1 (E); Hill Bank, 3km South Gulliver, S. 5 (E), Irving, H. 155 (E); Hill Bank,
4km South Espona, S.P. 1 (E); Hill Bank Forrest, A.D. 7 (BM, E); San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
Sauvagesia tenella Lam.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
ONAGRACEAE
Ludwigia octovalvis (Jacq.) P.H. Raven
Local Name: Clavito, Clavo, Ka'laush-pim, Wild Clove.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wetland.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Ibáñez García, A. 257B (E); Hill Bank, 2km South Irving, H. 166 (E).
ORCHIDACEAE
Bletia purpurea (Lam.) DC.
Local Name: Pine Ridge Crocus.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Ibáñez García, A. 301 (E).
Habenaria leprieurii Rchb. f.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
Spiranthes torta (Thunb.) Garay & H.R. Sweet
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Bridgewater, S.G.M. 313 (E).
OROBANCHACEAE
Agalinis harperi Pennell ex Small
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Linares-Palomino, R. 11 (E).
Agalinis hispidula (Mart.) D'Arcy
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
Buchnera floridana Gand.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: East Gate Goodwin, Z.A. 1543A (BRH, E); Hill Bank, 2km South Irving, H. 163 (E).
Buchnera pusilla Kunth
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 346 (E); East Gate Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A); San Felipe
Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A); Hill Bank Bridgewater, S.G.M. 312 (E); Hill Bank, 1km South Home Robertson,
P. 1 (E).
OXALIDACEAE
Oxalis frutescens L.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: East Gate Bridgewater, S.G.M. 317 (E), Hill Bank Brown, C.M. 10 (E); Hill Bank, 3km South
Irving, H. 150 (E); Hill Bank, 4km South Espona, S.P. 2 (E); Hill Bank Forrest, A.D. 28 (E), 34 (E); San
Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
PASSIFLORACEAE
Passiflora foetida L.
Note: These two records are probably a misidentification of the similar species Passiflora urbaniana Killip.
Local Name: Granadilla del Monte, Sa-yèp.
Habit: Climber. Habitat: Disturbance.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Creek Ibáñez García, A. 222 (E); Hill Bank, 3km South Galley, C.A. 6 (E).
Passiflora urbaniana Killip
Local Name: Grandpa Balls.
Habit: Climber. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 2km South Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
ENDEMIC.
PENTAPHYLACACEAE
Ternstroemia tepezapote Schltdl. & Cham.
Local Name: Cholol, River Craboo, Trompito.
Habit: Tree. Habitat: Savanna/Forest.
Vouchers: East Gate Bridgewater, S.G.M. 2553 (E), Goodwin, Z.A. 676 (BRH, E), Ibáñez García, A. 124
(E); Hill Bank Clayton, J.W. 1 (E); Hill Bank, 1km South Honorio Coronado, E.N. 150 (BRH, E); San
Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
PLANTAGINACEAE
Angelonia ciliaris B.L.Rob.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 320 (E); Hill Bank Bridgewater, S.G.M. 310 (E); Hill
Bank, 2km South Harris, D.J. 9636 (E), Lewis, J.E.J. 1 (E); Hill Bank, 3km South Irving, H. 154 (E), Stott,
G. 2 (E); San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
Bacopa lacertosa Standl.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wetland.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A); Hill Bank, 2km South Irving, H. 169 (E).
Bacopa monnieri (L.) Wettst.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wetland.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Creek Ibáñez García, A. 204 (E); Hill Bank, 2km South Binder, M.D. 3 (BRH, E).
Russelia sarmentosa Jacq.
Local Name: La Disgracia.
Habit: Woody Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: East Gate Ibáñez García, A. 180 (E); San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
POACEAE
Dichanthelium acuminatum (Sw.) Gould & C.A. Clark
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: East Gate Ibáñez García, A. 184 (E).
Digitaria cayoensis Swallen
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 240A (E).
Eragrostis acutiflora (Kunth) Nees
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Disturbance.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 1km North Goodwin, Z.A. 1821 (BRH, E).
Eragrostis elliottii S. Watson
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: East Gate Bridgewater, S.G.M. 257 (E); Hill Bank Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 266 (E), 277 (E).
Homolepis aturensis (Kunth) Chase
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 247 (E).
Hyparrhenia rufa (Nees) Stapf
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Disturbance.
Vouchers: San Felipe Davidse, G. 32717 (MO).
Panicum virgatum L.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Ibáñez García, A. 281 (E); Hill Bank Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 232 (E), 264 (E).
Paspalum serpentinum Hochst. ex Steud.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 344 (E).
Paspalum setaceum Michx.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Disturbance.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 237 (E).
Sorghastrum setosum (Griseb.) Hitchc.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Ibáñez García, A. 283 (E).
POLYGALACEAE
Bredemeyera lucida (Benth.) Klotzsch ex Hassk.
Habit: Climber/Shrub. Habitat: Savanna/Forest.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 1km North Goodwin, Z.A. 1826 (BRH, E).
Polygala adenophora DC.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 2km South Irving, H. 171 (BM, E); San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
Polygala glochidiata Kunth
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
Polygala hygrophila Kunth
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 2km South Costion, C.M. 1251 (BRH, E), Miller, J.A. 1 (BRH, E).
Polygala longicaulis Kunth
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Seed, L. 3 (E); Hill Bank Forrest, A.D. 20 (E); San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
Polygala tenella Willd.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 3km South Irving, H. 160 (E).
Polygala trichosperma L.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 306 (E); San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
POLYGONACEAE
Coccoloba barbadensis Jacq.
Local Name: Fresh Water Grape, Wild Grape.
Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: East Gate Ibáñez García, A. 158 (E).
Coccoloba reflexiflora Standl.
Local Name: Wild Grape.
Habit: Tree. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A); East Gate Bridgewater, S.G.M. 282 (E), Ibáñez
García, A. 130 (E); Hill Bank, 2km South Goodwin, Z.A. 109 (BRH, E); San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n.
(N/A).
Gymnopodium floribundum Rolfe subsp. floribundum
Local Name: Bastard Logwood.
Habit: Climber/Shrub. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: East Gate Ronse de Craene, L. 1453 (E); Hill Bank Bridgewater, S.G.M. 2750 (E); Hill Bank,
1km North Goodwin, Z.A. 1863 (BRH, E); Tiger Creek Tosh, J. 1 (E).
Persicaria punctata (Elliott) Small
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Disturbance.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Creek Ibáñez García, A. 190 (E).
PONTEDERIACEAE
Pontederia cordata L. var. cordata
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wetland.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 1km South Goodwin, Z.A. (N/A).
PORTULACACEAE
Portulaca pilosa L.
Local Name: Mananita, Tsayoch.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Coast.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 327 (E).
PROTEACEAE
Roupala montana Aubl.
Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 325 (E); Hill Bank, 1km North Goodwin, Z.A. 1860
(BRH, E); Tiger Creek Aubrey, C. 1 (E).
RHIZOPHORACEAE
Cassipourea elliptica (Sw.) Poir.
Local Name: Waterwood.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: East Gate Bridgewater, S.G.M. 271 (E), 277 (E), Ibáñez García, A. 147A (E); Hill Bank, 1km
North Goodwin, Z.A. 1839 (BRH, E); Hill Bank, 3km South Gulliver, S. 3 (E).
Rhizophora mangle L.
Local Name: Colorado, Mangle Colorado, Red Mangle, Red Mangrove, Tapche.
Habit: Tree. Habitat: Coast.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A); Hill Bank Creek Ibáñez García, A. 202 (E); Hill
Bank Field Station Armstrong, K.E. 470 (E).
RUBIACEAE
Alibertia edulis (Rich.) A. Rich. ex DC.
Local Name: Gibnut Fruit, Guayaba de Monte, Sul-sul, Sul-sul Chico, Tun-tun, Wild Guava.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 313 (E), 323 (E); East Gate Ibáñez García, A. 159 (E);
Hill Bank Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 253 (E).
Amaioua corymbosa Kunth
Local Name: Bastard Coffee, Wild Coffee.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 310 (E), 373 (E); East Gate Bridgewater, S.G.M. 283
(E); San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
Chiococca alba (L.) Hitchc.
Local Name: Canchacche, Dama de la Noche de Pine Ridge, Pax-che, Pay-che, Skunk Root, Zorillo.
Habit: Climber/Shrub. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: East Gate Ibáñez García, A. 141 (E).
Coccocypselum guianense (Aubl.) K. Schum.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: East Gate Ibáñez García, A. 173 (E); Hill Bank, 2km South Hamilton, P.E. 3 (BRH, E).
Coccocypselum herbaceum Aubl.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: Rio Bravo Oldroyd, L. 1 (BRH, E); San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
Coccocypselum hirsutum Bartl. ex DC.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 3km South Irving, H. 157 (E).
Diodella apiculata (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) Delprete
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 2km South Heller, T.M. 9 (E); Hill Bank, 3km South Galley, C.A. 15 (BM, E); Hill
Bank Forrest, A.D. 8 (BM, E); San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
Diodella teres (Walter) Small
Note: Balick et al. (2000 p. 142) suggest that the name Diodia teres Walter (treated here as a synonym of
Diodella teres (Walter) Small) has been misapplied to Diodia apiculata (Willd. ex Roem. & Schult.) K.
Schum. (treated here as a synonym of Diodella apiculata (Sw.) Bacigalupo & Cabral ex Borhidi) in Belize.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 1001A (E).
Guettarda combsii Urb.
Local Name: Arepa, Glassy Wood, Glossy Wood, Green Star, Pine Ridge Glossy Wood, Ta Stab, Tas 'Tap,
Tas-tas, Verde Lucero.
Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 311 (E).
Guettarda gaumeri Standl.
Habit: Climber/Shrub. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: East Gate Ibáñez García, A. 148B (E).
Machaonia acuminata Bonpl.
Habit: Tree/Shrub. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 333 (E).
Machaonia lindeniana Baill.
Habit: Climber/Shrub. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: East Gate Bridgewater, S.G.M. 280 (E).
Mitracarpus hirtus (L.) DC.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Forrest, A.D. 1 (E).
Morinda royoc L.
Local Name: Ax Ak, Pina Chom, Wart Vine, Wild Pine.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 1003A (E); East Gate Ibáñez García, A. 132 (E); Hill
Bank, 1km South Ganesan, S.K. 85 (BRH, E).
Palicourea triphylla DC.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: East Gate Bridgewater, S.G.M. 298 (E), 2559 (E).
Pittoniotis protracta (Bartl. ex DC.) Griseb.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 334 (E).
Psychotria biaristata Bartl. ex DC.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 331 (E); East Gate Bridgewater, S.G.M. 279 (E), Ibáñez
García, A. 181 (E); Hill Bank Field Station Armstrong, K.E. 481 (E); Hill Bank Savanna Ibáñez García, A.
250 (E); Hill Bank, 2km South Wangchuck, K. 6 (E); San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. 1546 (BRH, E).
Psychotria officinalis (Aubl.) Raeusch. ex Sandwith
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 335 (E); East Gate Ibáñez García, A. 179A (E).
Psychotria poeppigiana Müll.Arg.
Local Name: Cholom-ak-tsâ, Hot Lips.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 1km North Goodwin, Z.A. 1831 (BRH, E).
Randia aculeata L.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: East Gate Ibáñez García, A. 139 (E); Hill Bank Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 278 (E).
Spermacoce remota Lam.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Disturbance.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Whitefoord, C. 8121 (MO).
Spermacoce suaveolens (G.Mey.) Kuntze
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 2km South Goodwin, Z.A. 680 (BRH, E), Tut, F.S. 5 (BRH, E); San Felipe Goodwin,
Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
Spermacoce verticillata L.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Field Station Armstrong, K.E. 476 (E); Hill Bank Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 242 (E);
Hill Bank, 1km South Wangchuck, K. 1 (E); Hill Bank, 3km South Irving, H. 151 (E); San Felipe Goodwin,
Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
SALICACEAE
Laetia thamnia L.
Local Name: Bullyhob, Night Perfume, Perfume de la Noche.
Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: East Gate Bridgewater, S.G.M. 276 (E), Ibáñez García, A. 154 (E).
Xylosma flexuosa (Kunth) Hemsl.
Local Name: Cow Okra.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Savanna/Forest.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 316 (E); Hill Bank, 1km North Goodwin, Z.A. 1848
(BRH, E).
SANTALACEAE
Phoradendron quadrangulare (Kunth) Griseb.
Habit: Epiphyte/Hemiparasite. Habitat: Savanna/Wetland.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Linares-Palomino, R. 14 (E).
SAPINDACEAE
Allophylus cominia (L.) Sw.
Local Name: Bastard Cherry, Belo, Bichach, Bikbach, Cherry, Huesillo, Palo de Caja, Red Seed.
Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Savanna Ibáñez García, A. 257A (E).
Cupania belizensis Standl.
Local Name: Bastard Grande Betty, Carbone, Chac Pom, Crabu-nance, Grande Betty, Grandy Betty,
Granny Betty, Palo Carbon, Palo de Carbon, Red Copal.
Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: East Gate Bridgewater, S.G.M. 330 (E); Hill Bank Youngson, A. 6 (E).
Serjania adiantoides Radlk.
Habit: Climber. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: East Gate Ibáñez García, A. 145 (E).
Serjania goniocarpa Radlk.
Habit: Climber. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Field Station Armstrong, K.E. 469 (E).
SAPOTACEAE
Chrysophyllum mexicanum Brandegee ex Standl.
Local Name: Agya, Caimito, Chi-que, Chiceh, Chike, Damsel, Siciya, Sik-ey-yáh, Sik-y-ya, Tzik-i-ya,
Wild Coco Plum, Wild Star Apple.
Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: East Gate Bridgewater, S.G.M. 286 (E).
Sideroxylon obtusifolium (Humb. ex Roem. & Schult.) T.D. Penn.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: East Gate Ibáñez García, A. 139A (E).
SIMAROUBACEAE
Simarouba glauca DC.
Local Name: Aceituna, Dysentery Bark, Negrito, Pa-sak, Xpazakil.
Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: East Gate Bridgewater, S.G.M. 266 (E); San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
SMILACACEAE
Smilax spinosa Mill.
Local Name: Cocolineks, Dog Tongue Sarsaparilla.
Habit: Climber. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: East Gate Ibáñez García, A. 155 (E).
SOLANACEAE
Schwenckia americana L.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Forrest, A.D. 3 (E); San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A), 1560 (BRH, E).
THEOPHRASTACEAE
Bonellia macrocarpa (Cav.) B. Ståhl & Källersjö subsp. macrocarpa
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A); East Gate Bridgewater, S.G.M. 270 (E); Hill
Bank Ibáñez García, A. 279 (E); Hill Bank Field Station Armstrong, K.E. 472 (E), 496 (E), Ronse de
Craene, L. 1425 (E); San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
TURNERACEAE
Piriqueta cistoides (L.) Griseb.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 2km South Frisby, S.M. 1 (E); San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A).
Turnera aromatica Arbo
Local Name: Skabon Che, Wild Damiana.
Habit: Woody Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: East Gate, 3km Milton, J.J. 7 (BRH, E); Hill Bank Forrest, A.D. 23 (E); Hill Bank, 1km North
Goodwin, Z.A. 1830 (BRH, E); Hill Bank, 2km South Wangchuck, K. 5 (E); New River Lagoon Watson, M.
1 (E); San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. 1544 (BRH, E).
Turnera diffusa Willd. ex Schult.
Local Name: Swamp Bush.
Habit: Woody Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A); Tiger Creek Jung, J.W. 1 (BRH, E).
Turnera scabra Millsp. Local Name: Wild Damiana. Habit: Woody Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: East Gate Bridgewater, S.G.M. 334 (E).
TYPHACEAE
Typha domingensis Pers.
Local Name: Cattail, Elephant Grass, Sacate Ignea.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wetland.
Vouchers: Booth River Savanna Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A); Hill Bank Ibáñez García, A. 260 (E).
URTICACEAE
Boehmeria cylindrica (L.) Sw.
Habit: Tree. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Creek Ibáñez García, A. 206 (E).
Cecropia peltata L.
Local Name: A'kl, Cho-otz, Cuarumo, Guaramo, Juarumo, Po-hór, Pohór, Trumpet Tree, Tuaromo,
Warumo.
Habit: Tree. Habitat: Disturbance.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Creek Ibáñez García, A. 197 (E).
VERBENACEAE
Lantana camara L.
Local Name: Ikilhaxin, Lantana, Palabra de Cabellero, Petekin, Sage, We-àch, Wild Sage.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Disturbance.
Vouchers: East Gate Ibáñez García, A. 169 (E).
Phyla nodiflora (L.) Greene
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wetland.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Bridgewater, S.G.M. 301 (E); Hill Bank Creek Ibáñez García, A. 204A (E).
Phyla stoechadifolia (L.) Small
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Wetland.
Vouchers: Hill Bank Creek Ibáñez García, A. 221 (E).
Stachytarpheta jamaicensis (L.) Vahl
Local Name: Vervain.
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Coast.
Vouchers: East Gate Bridgewater, S.G.M. 320 (E).
Tamonea spicata Aubl.
Habit: Woody Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 1km North Goodwin, Z.A. 1844 (BRH, E); San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. 1687 (BRH, E).
VIOLACEAE
Hybanthus calceolaria (L.) Oken
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna.
Vouchers: East Gate Bridgewater, S.G.M. 287 (E), Goodwin, Z.A. s.n. (N/A); San Felipe Goodwin, Z.A. s.n.
(N/A), 1676 (BRH, E).
Rinorea hummelii Sprague
Local Name: Coffee Bush, Guayabillo, Kwol-kwol-ch, Wild Coffee, Wild Plum.
Habit: Shrub. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: East Gate Skema, C. 1 (E).
XYRIDACEAE
Xyris ambigua Beyr. ex Kunth
Habit: Herb. Habitat: Savanna/Wetland.
Vouchers: East Gate Bridgewater, S.G.M. 247 (E); Hill Bank Linares-Palomino, R. 8 (E), Seed, L. 1 (E).
ZINGIBERACEAE
Renealmia aromatica (Aubl.) Griseb.
Local Name: Kix-im-tzi, Rat Plantain, Wild Ginger.
Habit: Woody Herb. Habitat: Forest.
Vouchers: Hill Bank, 2km South Trevaskis, A. 3 (BRH, E).
5. Survey Site Descriptions
Species lists are provided for each location surveyed within the RBCMA by Darwin Initiative Project 17022 based upon observations and herbarium specimens collected (voucher cited as appropriate). In these
location checklists families are arranged alphabetically, the Fabaceae family is broken into 3 subfamilies and
species are presented with infraspecific taxa where appropriate.
Site 34
UTM: 0310803, 1975881
WGS84: 17°51'49'' N, 88°47'08'' W
Location: Orange Walk; San Felipe Savanna; ca 3 km south of San Felipe-Blue Creek road.
UNESCO Classification (Meerman & Sabido, 2001): ‘Short-grass savanna with shrubs’
Ecosystem: ‘Lowland savanna’
23rd May 2010.
Surveyors: Zoë Goodwin (RBGE), German Lopez (ERI), Alex Trevaskis (RBGE) & Peter Furley (UoE)
General Description:Oak woodland with dense palmetto understory.
Drainage and hydrology: Level. Surface drained, sandy with large accumulation of leaf litter.
Vegetation Structure:
Vegetation
Canopy layer
Shrub layer
Herb layer
Open Sand
Estimated % cover
25%
60%
10%
40%
Canopy with abundant Quercus oleoides 13 m (30-40 cm DBH) & rare Pinus caribaea, sub-canopy of
Acoelorraphe wrightii 3-5 m 25%. Shrub layer (60%) of abundant Calliandra houstoniana, frequent
Curatella americana, Byrsonima crassifolia, Psychotria sp. & Turnera sp. Grass dominated herb layer to 50
cm (10%), leaf litter & sand 40%.
Management/disturbance (fires, cutting, agriculture):Human disturbance, rubbish, pine, oak & palmetto
cut stems.
Species list:
AGAVACEAE
Acoelorraphe wrightii (Griseb. & H.
Wendl.) H. Wendl. ex Becc.
Diospyros
Goodwin, Z.A. 1556
DILLENIACEAE
ERYTHROXYLACEAE
Curatella americana L.
Erythroxylum guatemalense
Lundell
Agave
APOCYNACEAE
Goodwin, Z.A. 1549
EBENACEAE
ARECACEAE
FABACEAE
Goodwin, Z.A. 1553
Macroptilium gracile (Benth.) Urb.
Goodwin, Z.A. 1551
Calliandra houstoniana (Mill.)
Standl.
PINACEAE
Pinus caribaea Morelet
FAGACEAE
FABACEAE CAESALPINIOIDEAE
RUBIACEAE
Quercus oleoides Schltdl. & Cham.
Psychotria biaristata Bartl. ex DC.
Goodwin, Z.A. 1546
Chamaecrista diphylla (L.) Greene
HYPOXIDACEAE
Chamaecrista flexuosa (L.) Greene
var. Flexuosa
Curculigo scorzonerifolia (Lam.)
Baker
Chamaecrista kunthiana (Schltdl. &
Cham.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby
Randia
Goodwin, Z.A. 1554
SIMAROUBACEAE
LAURACEAE
Simarouba glauca DC.
FABACEAE - FABOIDEAE
Cassytha filiformis L.
Desmodium barbatum (L.) Benth.
Goodwin, Z.A. 1550
MALPIGHIACEAE
TURNERACEAE
Pachyrhizus
Goodwin, Z.A. 1545
Byrsonima crassifolia (L.) Kunth
Turnera aromatica Arbo
Goodwin, Z.A. 1544
Vigna linearis (Kunth) Maréchal,
Mascherpa & Stainier
Goodwin, Z.A. 1547
MALVACEAE
UNKNOWN
Sida linifolia Cav.
Goodwin, Z.A. 1548
FABACEAE - MIMOSOIDEAE
MELASTOMATACEAE
ZAMIACEAE
Acacia
Goodwin, Z.A. 1552
Clidemia sericea D. Don
Zamia prasina W. Bull
Site 35
UTM: 0310481, 1976007
WGS84: 17°51'53'' N, 88°47'19'' W
Location: Orange Walk; San Felipe Savanna; ca 3 km south of San Felipe-Blue Creek road.
UNESCO Classification (Meerman & Sabido, 2001): ‘Short-grass savanna with shrubs’
Ecosystem: ‘Lowland savanna’
23rd May 2010.
Surveyors: Zoë Goodwin (RBGE), German Lopez (ERI), Alex Trevaskis (RBGE) & Peter Furley (UoE)
General Description: Oak woodland.
Drainage and hydrology: Level. Surface drained, sandy with large accumulation of leaf litter under Oak
trees.
Vegetation Structure:
Vegetation
Canopy layer
Shrub layer
Herb layer
Leaf litter
Open Sand
Estimated % cover
30%
30%
10%
70%
90%
Canopy with frequent Quercus oleoides 12 m (30 cm DBH) & rare Pinus caribaea 14 m, 30%. Shrub layer
(30%) of frequent Acoelorraphe wrightii 3 m, Chrysobalanus icaco 10 m & Byrsonima crassifolia 5 m.
Grass dominated herb layer (10%), thin leaf litter under oaks (70%) & white sand in open areas 90%.
Management/disturbance (fires, cutting, agriculture): May have been burnt previous year.
Species list:
AGAVACEAE
Goodwin, Z.A. 1562
Goodwin, Z.A. 1555
DILLENIACEAE
Chamaecrista kunthiana (Schltdl. &
Cham.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby
Agave
APOCYNACEAE
Curatella americana L.
FABACEAE - FABOIDEAE
Davilla kunthii A. St.-Hil.
ARECACEAE
Acoelorraphe wrightii (Griseb. & H.
Wendl.) H. Wendl. ex Becc.
Aeschynomene
Goodwin, Z.A. 1558
ERYTHROXYLACEAE
Desmodium barbatum (L.) Benth.
Erythroxylum guatemalense
Lundell
CHRYSOBALANACEAE
Chrysobalanus icaco L.
FABACEAE CAESALPINIOIDEAE
CYPERACEAE
Chamaecrista diphylla (L.) Greene
Cyperus
Chamaecrista hispidula (Vahl) H.S.
Irwin & Barneby
Stylosanthes
Goodwin, Z.A. 1557
Vigna linearis (Kunth) Maréchal,
Mascherpa & Stainier
FABACEAE - MIMOSOIDEAE
Calliandra houstoniana (Mill.)
Standl.
MALPIGHIACEAE
Goodwin, Z.A. 1563
Byrsonima crassifolia (L.) Kunth
RUBIACEAE
FAGACEAE
MALVACEAE
Coccocypselum herbaceum Aubl.
Quercus oleoides Schltdl. & Cham.
Sida linifolia Cav.
SANTALACEAE
GENTIANACEAE
MELASTOMATACEAE
Schultesia guianensis (Aubl.)
Malme
Goodwin, Z.A. 1559
Clidemia sericea D. Don
SIMAROUBACEAE
HYPOXIDACEAE
OROBANCHACEAE
Curculigo scorzonerifolia (Lam.)
Baker
Buchnera
Simarouba glauca DC.
SOLANACEAE
PINACEAE
LAMIACEAE
Schwenckia americana L.
Goodwin, Z.A. 1560
Pinus caribaea Morelet
Marsypianthes chamaedrys (Vahl)
Kuntze
Goodwin, Z.A. 1561
ZAMIACEAE
POACEAE
Zamia prasina W. Bull
Site 45
UTM: 0302346, 1966371
WGS84: 17°46'37'' N, 88°51'52'' W
Location: Orange Walk; Booth's River savanna; 18 km south of San Felipe-Blue Creek road.
UNESCO Classification (Meerman & Sabido, 2001): ‘Tropical lowland tall herbaceous swamp’
Ecosystem: ‘Wetland’
11th October 2010.
Surveyors: Zoë Goodwin (RBGE) & German Lopez (ERI)
General Description: Open riverine sedge marshland.
Drainage and hydrology: Sloping E/W punctuated by small pools, inundated to ankle deep.
Vegetation Structure: Open riverine sedge marshland. Dominated by Cladium jamaicense with frequent
Crescentia cujete 5 (-8) m, Acoelorraphe wrightii 2 (-5) m, occasional Dalbergia glabra 1 m.
Management/disturbance (fires, cutting, agriculture): Evidence of intense burn previous dry season.
Species list:
Dalbergia glabra (Mill.) Standl.
ALISMATACEAE
CONVOLVULACEAE
Sagittaria lancifolia L.
Ipomoea sagittata Poir.
FABACEAE - MIMOSOIDEAE
Mimosa bahamensis Benth.
AMARYLLIDACEAE
CYPERACEAE
Hymenocallis littoralis (Jacq.)
Salisb.
LAURACEAE
APIACEAE
Rhynchospora nervosa (Vahl)
Boeck. subsp. ciliata (G.Mey.) T.
Koyama
Goodwin, Z.A. 1681
Centella asiatica (L.) Urb.
Cladium jamaicense Crantz
LOGANIACEAE
ARECACEAE
Eleocharis geniculata (L.) Roem. &
Schult.
Mitreola petiolata (J.F. Gmel.) Torr.
& A. Gray
Goodwin, Z.A. 1680
Acoelorraphe wrightii (Griseb. & H.
Wendl.) H. Wendl. ex Becc.
EBENACEAE
Cassytha filiformis L.
POACEAE
Diospyros bumelioides Standl.
ASTERACEAE
POLYGONACEAE
Goodwin, Z.A. 1679
ERYTHROXYLACEAE
Ageratum radicans B.L. Rob.
Erythroxylum guatemalense
Lundell
Coccoloba reflexiflora Standl.
THEOPHRASTACEAE
BIGNONIACEAE
FABACEAE - FABOIDEAE
Crescentia cujete L.
Bonellia macrocarpa (Cav.) B. Ståhl
& Källersjö subsp. macrocarpa
Site 46
UTM: 0303784, 1965803
WGS84: 17°46'26'' N, 88°51'23'' W
Location: Orange Walk; San Felipe savanna; 18 km south of San Felipe-Blue Creek road.
UNESCO Classification (Meerman & Sabido, 2001): ‘Short-grass savanna with shrubs’
Ecosystem: ‘Lowland savanna’
11th October 2010.
Surveyors: Zoë Goodwin (RBGE) & German Lopez (ERI)
General Description: Open savanna.
Drainage and hydrology: Sloping W/E, often tussocky topology indicating poor drainage.
Vegetation Structure: Open savanna. Rare Pinus caribaea to 16 m, frequent Crescentia cujete 3 (-5) m,
occasional Byrsonima crassifolia 3 m & rare Acoelorraphe wrightii 1 (-2) m.
Management/disturbance (fires, cutting, agriculture): Evidence of burn previous dry season.
Species list:
AMARYLLIDACEAE
Diospyros bumelioides Standl.
LAMIACEAE
Hymenocallis littoralis (Jacq.) Salisb.
FABACEAE - CAESALPINIOIDEAE
Hyptis conferta Pohl ex Benth.
APOCYNACEAE
Chamaecrista diphylla (L.) Greene
Marsypianthes chamaedrys (Vahl)
Kuntze
Cameraria latifolia L.
Chamaecrista hispidula (Vahl) H.S.
Irwin & Barneby
ARECACEAE
Chamaecrista kunthiana (Schltdl. &
Cham.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby
MALPIGHIACEAE
Acoelorraphe wrightii (Griseb. & H.
Wendl.) H. Wendl. ex Becc.
Byrsonima crassifolia (L.) Kunth
Chamaecrista nictitans (L.) Moench
MALVACEAE
BIGNONIACEAE
FABACEAE - FABOIDEAE
Melochia spicata (L.) Fryxell
Crescentia cujete L.
Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Kunth ex
Walp.
Sida linifolia Cav.
CELASTRACEAE
Stylosanthes viscosa Sw.
ORCHIDACEAE
Hemiangium excelsum (Kunth) A.C.
Sm.
Vigna linearis (Kunth) Maréchal,
Mascherpa & Stainier
Habenaria leprieurii Rchb. f.
CLEOMACEAE
GENTIANACEAE
Cleome lanceolata (Mart. & Zucc.)
H.H. Iltis
Goodwin, Z.A. 1682
Schultesia guianensis (Aubl.) Malme
OROBANCHACEAE
Agalinis hispidula (Mart.) D'Arcy
PINACEAE
IRIDACEAE
Pinus caribaea Morelet
EBENACEAE
Cipura
PLANTAGINACEAE
Polygala longicaulis Kunth
Angelonia ciliaris B.L. Rob.
Spermacoce verticillata L.
POLYGONACEAE
POLYGALACEAE
Polygala adenophora DC.
RUBIACEAE
Coccoloba reflexiflora Standl.
Site 47
UTM: 0304220, 1965153
WGS84: 17°45'58'' N, 88°50'48'' W
Location: Orange Walk; San Felipe savanna; 18 km south of San Felipe-Blue Creek road.
UNESCO Classification (Meerman & Sabido, 2001): ‘Short-grass savanna with shrubs’
Ecosystem: ‘Lowland savanna’
12th October 2010.
Surveyors: Zoë Goodwin (RBGE) & German Lopez (ERI)
General Description: Open savanna.
Drainage and hydrology: Gentle slope W/E, sandy soil.
Vegetation Structure: Open savanna. Frequent Pinus caribaea to 15 m, frequent Curatella americana 2 (4) m, Byrsonima crassifolia 1 (-5) m, Calliandra houstoniana 1 m, occasional Quercus oleoides 10 m &
Crescentia cujete 4 m. Herb layer with frequent Agalinis harperi & Schultesia guianensis.
Management/disturbance (fires, cutting, agriculture): Evidence of burn previous dry season.
Species list:
BIGNONIACEAE
Chamaecrista flexuosa (L.) Greene
var. flexuosa
IRIDACEAE
Alophia silvestris (Loes.) Goldblatt
Crescentia cujete L.
Chamaecrista hispidula (Vahl) H.S.
Irwin & Barneby
Cipura
Chamaecrista kunthiana (Schltdl. &
Cham.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby
LENTIBULARIACEAE
BURMANNIACEAE
Burmannia capitata (Walter ex J.F.
Gmel.) Mart.
Utricularia
FABACEAE - FABOIDEAE
DILLENIACEAE
Stylosanthes viscosa Sw.
MALPIGHIACEAE
Vigna linearis (Kunth) Maréchal,
Mascherpa & Stainier
Byrsonima crassifolia (L.) Kunth
Curatella americana L.
DROSERACEAE
MALVACEAE
Drosera capillaris Poir.
FABACEAE - MIMOSOIDEAE
ERIOCAULACEAE
Calliandra houstoniana (Mill.)
Standl.
Sida linifolia Cav.
OROBANCHACEAE
Eriocaulon fuliginosum C. Wright
ex Griseb.
Goodwin, Z.A. 1683
FAGACEAE
Agalinis hispidula (Mart.) D'Arcy
Quercus oleoides Schltdl. & Cham.
OXALIDACEAE
FABACEAE CAESALPINIOIDEAE
Chamaecrista diphylla (L.) Greene
GENTIANACEAE
Oxalis frutescens L.
Schultesia guianensis (Aubl.)
Malme
PINACEAE
Pinus caribaea Morelet
Polygala trichosperma L.
Spermacoce suaveolens (G. Mey.)
Kuntze
POLYGALACEAE
RUBIACEAE
Spermacoce verticillata L.
Polygala adenophora DC.
Diodella apiculata (Willd. ex Roem.
& Schult.) Delprete
TURNERACEAE
Polygala longicaulis Kunth
Turnera diffusa Willd. ex Schult.
Site 48
UTM: 0307058, 1969184
WGS84: 17°48'10'' N, 88°49'13'' W
Location: Orange Walk; San Felipe savanna; 15 km south of San Felipe-Blue Creek road.
UNESCO Classification (Meerman & Sabido, 2001): ‘Short-grass savanna with shrubs’
Ecosystem: ‘Lowland savanna’
12th October 2010.
Surveyors: Zoë Goodwin (RBGE) & German Lopez (ERI)
General Description: Dense pine & oak savanna woodland.
Drainage and hydrology: Level, sandy with lots of leaf litter.
Vegetation Structure: Dense pine & oak savanna woodland. Abundant Pinus caribaea to 16 m, frequent
Quercus oleoides 15 m, Curatella americana 8 m, Calliandra houstoniana 2 m, Waltheria indica 1 m, &
occasional Byrsonima crassifolia 5 m.
Management/disturbance (fires, cutting, agriculture): Burnt previous dry season.
Species list:
APOCYNACEAE
FABACEAE - FABOIDEAE
Cassytha filiformis L.
Metastelma stenomeres (Standl. &
Steyerm.) W.D. Stevens
Aeschynomene paniculata Willd. ex
Vogel
Goodwin, Z.A. 1685
LOGANIACEAE
ASTERACEAE
Crotalaria
Ageratum radicans B.L. Rob.
Crotalaria sagittalis L.
MALPIGHIACEAE
Pachyrhizus erosus (L.) Urb.
Byrsonima crassifolia (L.) Kunth
Spigelia anthelmia L.
DILLENIACEAE
Stylosanthes guianensis (Aubl.) Sw.
MALVACEAE
Curatella americana L.
FABACEAE - MIMOSOIDEAE
Sida linifolia Cav.
Calliandra houstoniana (Mill.)
Standl.
Waltheria indica L.
FABACEAE
Desmodium barbatum (L.) Benth.
Goodwin, Z.A. 1686
MELASTOMATACEAE
FAGACEAE
FABACEAE CAESALPINIOIDEAE
Clidemia sericea D. Don
Quercus oleoides Schltdl. & Cham.
OCHNACEAE
Chamaecrista diphylla (L.) Greene
LAMIACEAE
Chamaecrista hispidula (Vahl) H.S.
Irwin & Barneby
Sauvagesia erecta L.
Marsypianthes chamaedrys (Vahl)
Kuntze
Sauvagesia tenella Lam.
LAURACEAE
OROBANCHACEAE
Chamaecrista kunthiana (Schltdl. &
Cham.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby
Buchnera pusilla Kunth
Russelia sarmentosa Jacq.
TURNERACEAE
OXALIDACEAE
RUBIACEAE
Oxalis frutescens L.
Amaioua corymbosa Kunth
PINACEAE
Diodella apiculata (Willd. ex Roem.
& Schult.) Delprete
Piriqueta cistoides (L.) Griseb.
VERBENACEAE
Tamonea spicata Aubl.
Goodwin, Z.A. 1687
Pinus caribaea Morelet
SOLANACEAE
VIOLACEAE
PLANTAGINACEAE
Schwenckia americana L.
Hybanthus calceolaria (L.) Oken
Site 49
UTM: 0308251, 1973753
WGS84: 17°50'39'' N, 88°48'34'' W
Location: Orange Walk; San Felipe savanna; 8 km south of San Felipe-Blue Creek road.
UNESCO Classification (Meerman & Sabido, 2001): ‘Tropical evergreen seasonal broad-leaved lowland
forest on poor or sandy soils’
Ecosystem: ‘Lowland broad-leaved moist forest’
12th October 2010.
Surveyors: Zoë Goodwin (RBGE) & German Lopez (ERI)
General Description: Semi open oak savanna.
Drainage and hydrology: Sloping W/E sandy with localised patches of small tussocks.
Vegetation Structure: Semi open oak savanna. Abundant Quercus oleoides 12 m, Byrsonima crassifolia 3
m & frequent Acoelorraphe wrightii 2 (-3) m.
Management/disturbance (fires, cutting, agriculture): Burnt previous dry season.
Species list:
Hyptis conferta Pohl ex Benth.
AMARYLLIDACEAE
FABACEAE - FABOIDEAE
Hymenocallis littoralis (Jacq.)
Salisb.
Stylosanthes viscosa Sw.
Marsypianthes chamaedrys (Vahl)
Kuntze
ARECACEAE
Vigna linearis (Kunth) Maréchal,
Mascherpa & Stainier
MALPIGHIACEAE
Acoelorraphe wrightii (Griseb. & H.
Wendl.) H. Wendl. ex Becc.
FABACEAE - MIMOSOIDEAE
CELASTRACEAE
Pithecellobium lanceolatum (Humb.
& Bonpl. ex Willd.) Benth.
Byrsonima crassifolia (L.) Kunth
MALVACEAE
Melochia spicata (L.) Fryxell
Hemiangium excelsum (Kunth)
A.C. Sm.
FAGACEAE
Waltheria indica L.
Quercus oleoides Schltdl. & Cham.
MYRTACEAE
COCHLOSPERMACEAE
Cochlospermum vitifolium (Willd.)
Spreng.
GENTIANACEAE
Eugenia
Schultesia guianensis (Aubl.)
Malme
OROBANCHACEAE
FABACEAE CAESALPINIOIDEAE
Agalinis hispidula (Mart.) D'Arcy
HYPOXIDACEAE
Buchnera pusilla Kunth
Chamaecrista diphylla (L.) Greene
Chamaecrista flexuosa (L.) Greene
var. flexuosa
Chamaecrista kunthiana (Schltdl. &
Cham.) H.S. Irwin & Barneby
Curculigo scorzonerifolia (Lam.)
Baker
OXALIDACEAE
LAMIACEAE
Oxalis frutescens L.
PLANTAGINACEAE
RUBIACEAE
Schwenckia americana L.
Angelonia ciliaris B.L. Rob.
Diodella apiculata (Willd. ex Roem.
& Schult.) Delprete
TURNERACEAE
POLYGALACEAE
Spermacoce suaveolens (G. Mey.)
Kuntze
Piriqueta cistoides (L.) Griseb.
Polygala trichosperma L.
ZAMIACEAE
SOLANACEAE
Zamia prasina W. Bull
6. References
Balick, M.J., Nee, M.H. & Atha, D.E. (2000) Checklist of the Vascular Plants of
Belize. Memoirs of the New York Botanical Garden 85: 1–246.
Bridgewater, S.G.M., Ibáñez, A., Ratter, J. & Furley, P.A. (2002) Vegetation
Classification and Floristics of the Savannas and Associated Wetlands of the
Rio Bravo Conservation and Management Area, Belize. Edinburgh Journal of
Botany 59(3): 421–442.
Cameron, I.D., Stuart, N. & Goodwin, Z.A. (2010) The Savanna Ecosystems Map of
Belize 2010: Technical Report. University of Edinburgh, 71 pp.
Davidse, G., Sousa Sánchez, M., Knapp, S.D. & Chiang Cabrera, F. (2009)
Cucurbitaceae a Polemoniaceae. Fl. Mesoamer. Universidad Nacional
Autónoma de México México, pp. 1-855.
Goodwin, Z.A., Bridgewater, S.G.M. & Lopez, G.N. (2011) The Status of
Eriocaulaceae in Belize. 1-24 pp.
Goodwin, Z.A., Harris, D.J., Bridgewater, S.G.M., Lopez, G.N., Haston, E.M.,
Cameron, I.D., Michelakis, D., Ratter, J.A., Furley, P.A., Kay, E., Whitefoord,
C., Solomon, J. & Stuart, N. (In Press) A checklist of the vascular plants of the
lowland savannas and associated wetlands of Belize, Central America.
Phytotaxa.
IUCN (2011) IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.1, Available from:
http://www.iucnredlist.org (October 2011).