S2 CfE Breathing and Digestion Homework
JOHN OGILVIE HIGH SCHOOL
BIOLOGY
BODY SYSTEMS 1
BREATHING & DIGESTION
Homework Mark
1
2
3
4
5
6
Comment
S2 CfE Breathing and Digestion Homework
Homework 1
1. The diagram below represents part of the breathing system. Identify the
structures labelled A, B and C.
A
B
C
(3)
2.
The table below gives the breathing rate of a group of pupils.
Pupil
Scott
Fiona
Qasim
Meghan
Breathing rate
(breaths per minute)
10
15
15
20
(a)
What is the average breathing rate for the group?
(b)
How many times higher is the breathing rate of Meghan
compared to that of Scott?
(c)
Over the period of the measurements Fiona was calculated
S2 CfE Breathing and Digestion Homework
to have breathed 75 times. How long was the measurement
made for?
(d)
Draw a bar graph of the pupils and their breathing rate.
S2 CfE Breathing and Digestion Homework
Homework 2
1.
The diagram below shows what happens to parts of the breathing system
during inhalation and exhalation. Use it to help you answer the questions
which follow.
(a)
Copy and complete the following sentences, selecting the
appropriate word(s) to make the sentences correct.
During inhalation the intercostals muscles relax/contract and pull the
rib cage up and out/in and down. At the same time the diaphragm
curves up/flattens. The volume of the chest cavity is therefore
decreased/increased meaning that the pressure is
decreased/increased so air is inhaled and the lungs deflate/inflate.
(b)
Explain what happens to the breathing system during exhalation.
S2 CfE Breathing and Digestion Homework
2.
Sort these stages of breathing into the correct order. The first and last
stages have been done for you.
A
B
C
Air enters the nose and
mouth
Ribs move outwards;
diaphragm contracts
Ribs move inwards;
diaphragm relaxes
D
E
F
Air is drawn into the
lungs
Air is breathed out
Air passes from the
mouth into the windpipe
The correct order is
B
E
3.
Asif and Jodie were discussing the effect of exercise on breathing. Asif
thought that breathing would increase as you carried out more strenuous
activities but Jodie was not sure.
Describe an investigation that they could carry out to find out whether Asif
was correct.
4.
Describe two changes that take place in breathing when you exercise.
5.
Thomas was asked to measure and record his breathing rate during
different activities. His results are given below.
Activity
Sitting
Walking
Walking upstairs
Playing football
Breathing rate
(breaths/minute)
12
16
24
32
S2 CfE Breathing and Digestion Homework
(a)
How many breaths will Thomas take if he walks for 30
minutes?
(b)
What is the increase in Thomas’s breathing rate between
sitting and playing football?
(c)
Draw a bar graph of Thomas’s breathing rate against his different
activities.
S2 CfE Breathing and Digestion Homework
Homework 3
Read the following passage and answer the questions based on it.
to
Hayfever affects 2 to 3 million people in Britain. It is caused by an allergy
pollen or sometimes the spores of fungi. The body’s immune system reacts
by releasing excess histamine. This results in an irritation and inflammation
of the nose and eyes.
The symptoms vary and may involve sneezing, a runny or blocked nose,
and a sore throat. The eyes may become red, watery or itchy. In addition, a
wheezy chest may suggest that the sufferer also has asthma. The peak
pollen time is early summer when school and university examinations take
place. this can make it difficult to revise and perform well.
Hayfever is related to asthma and eczema. It is quite common to find
members of the same family with one or more of these conditions.
Various treatments are available without prescription. These include
antihistamine tablets to reduce the allergic response as well as nasal sprays
and eye drops to reduce inflammation. For severe cases, doctors may
prescribe either tablets or injections containing steroids. These can cause
side effects so the benefits have to be weighed against the possible
disadvantages. Tablets are more favoured than injections. Other types of
injection can desensitise patients to the pollen causing their allergy.
Unfortunately, they may produce serious side effects and, as they can be
given only under close hospital supervision, are hardly ever used.
(a)
What effect does pollen have on the body’s immune system in
hayfever sufferers?
(b)
What evidence is there that hayfever might have a genetic
component?
(c)
Which symptom suggests that a hayfever sufferer may also have
asthma?
S2 CfE Breathing and Digestion Homework
(d)
At what time of the year are hayfever sufferers likely to be worst
affected?
(e)
What type of substance is found in treatments prescribed for severe
cases of hayfever?
(f)
Why are desensitising injections not used very often?
Homework 4
1.
Match each tooth with its correct function.
Tooth
Incisor
Canine
Premolars
Molars
2
Function
crushing and grinding
cutting
tearing
crushing and grinding
Incisors and canines are the front teeth of the mouth and premolars
and molars are at the sides of the mouth. Canines tear food. Incisors
cut and bite food. Premolars and molars chew and grind food.
Copy and complete the following key:
Types of teeth
Front of mouth
Bite and cut food
sides of mouth
tear food
3.
What is the general function of teeth?
4..
In the West of Scotland tooth decay is a growing problem. List two ways in
which you can protect your teeth from decay.
S2 CfE Breathing and Digestion Homework
Homework 5
1.
a) The diagram below represents the human digestive system.
Name the parts labelled A, C, E and F.
b) Name the part of the digestive system described in the statements below
function
Is where most water is absorbed
Is where most digested food is absorbed
Stores waste
Carries food from the mouth to the stomach
Name of organ
S2 CfE Breathing and Digestion Homework
2.
The table shows how much energy is needed to do different activities.
Activity
Energy required in one second (Joules)
Sleeping
75
Doing homework
120
Playing football
500
Running a race
650
Walking
200
(a)
Draw a bar chart to show the data in the table.
S2 CfE Breathing and Digestion Homework
3.
There are 9 grams of fibre in 100 grams of wholemeal toast.
There are 9 grams of fibre in 100 grams of baked beans.
One slice of wholemeal toast weighs 25 g.
Calculate the weight of fibre in a snack of 200 grams of baked beans
on 2 slices of wholemeal toast.
Homework 6
1.
Copy and complete the following passage.
The function of the ______________ is to break food down into smaller
particles. The ___________ connects the mouth and the stomach. In
the stomach the food is churned with _____________ to break it down. Broken
down food enters the blood from the ___________. Waste passes into the
large intestine where _____________ is absorbed back into the ___________.
Waste is stored in the ____________ before passing out of the body through
the _______.
S2 CfE Breathing and Digestion Homework
2.
Use the information in the passage to construct a table with 2 suitable
headings.
Protein is an important part of our diet. Some foods supply us with
more protein than others. Beans, for example, are a very good source.
They contain 38 grams of protein for every 100 grams of beans. Only
6 grams out of every 100 grams of peas is protein. 100 grams of cheese
contains 25 grams of protein. The protein content per 100 grams of
flour and beef is 10 and 18 grams respectively.
3.
Four breakfast cereals were analysed for their nutritional content and the
results are shown below. All the figures are for 100 g of the cereal.
Cereal
Ricies
Nutflakes
Chocopos
Biscowheat
(a)
(d)
Energy(kJ)
1650
1700
1600
1400
Protein (g)
4
8
5
11
Fat (g)
0.5
4
2
1
Carbohydrate (g)
90
82
87
67
Fibre (g)
0.5
1
1
13
Which cereal supplies the most energy per 100 g?
(b)
Which cereal contains the most carbohydrate per 100g?
(c)
For good health we are advised to eat less fat and carbohydrates and
to increase our fibre intake. Which of these cereals would we eat to
help us do this?
What is the average amount of protein per 100 g of cereal?