South American Countries
Capital
Location
Population
Terrain
Climate


Andes Mountains
Four large areas that make up the Central Plains:










Llanos,
the Selva,
the Gran Chaco,
and the Pampas
Brazilian Highlands & Guiana Highlands
Amazon Basin
Rio de la Plata
Sao Francisco River
Amazon River
Lake Maracaibo



Capital:
 Buenos Aires
Location:
 Southern South America, bordering the
South Atlantic Ocean, between Chile and
Uruguay
Population:
 40,482,000


Terrain/Landforms:
 Rich plains of the Pampas in the northern
half, flat to rolling plateau of Patagoinia in
south, rugged Andes along western border
Climate:
 Mostly temperate; arid in southeast; sub
antarctic in southwest



Capital:
 La Paz
Location:
 Central South America, southwest of Brazil
Population:
 9,247,816


Terrain/Landforms:
 Rugged Andes Mountains with a highland
plateau, hills, lowland plains of the Amazon
Basin
Climate:
 Varies with altitude; humid and tropical to
cold and semiarid



Capital:
 Brasilia
Location:
 Eastern South America, bordering the
Atlantic Ocean
Population:
 196,342,592


Terrain/Landforms:
 Mostly flat to rolling lowlands in north;
some plains, hills, mountains, and narrow
coastal belt
Climate:
 Mostly tropical, but temperate in south



Capital:
 Santiago
Location:
 Southern South America, bordering the
South Pacific Ocean, between Argentina
and Peru
Population:
 16,454,143


Terrain/Landforms:
 Low coastal mountains; fertile central
valley; rugged Andes in East
Climate:
 Temperate; desert in north; Mediterranean
in central region; cool and damp in south


Capital:
 Bogota
Location:
 Northern South America, bordering the Caribbean
Sea between Panama and Venezuela, and
bordering the North Pacific Ocean, between
Ecuador and Panama

Population:
 45,013,672


Terrain/Landforms:
 Flat coastal lowlands, central highlands,
high Andes Mountains, eastern lowlands
plains
Climate:
 Tropical along coast and eastern plains;
cooler in the highlands



Capital:
 Quito
Location:
 Western South America, bordering the
Pacific Ocean at the Equator, between
Columbia and Peru
Population:
 13,927,650


Terrain/Landforms:
 Coastal plain, inter-Andean central
highlands, and flat to rolling eastern jungle
Climate:
 Tropical along coast, becoming cooler
inland at higher elevations; tropical in
Amazonian jungle lowlands



Capital:
 Georgetown
Location:
 Northern South America; between
Suriname and Venezuela and borders the
Atlantic Ocean
Population:
 769,095


Terrain/Landforms:
 Low coastal plains; tropical; savanna in the
south area
Climate:
 Hot, humid; tropical; rainy seasons are May
to August and November to January



Capital:
 Asuncion
Location:
 Central South America, northeast of
Argentina
Population:
 6,831,306
Terrain/Landforms:
 Grassy plains and wooded hills east of Rio
Paraguay; Gran Chaco region west of Rio
Paraguay mostly low, marshy plain near the
river, and dry forest and thorny scrub
 Climate:
 Subtropical to temperate; substantial rainfall
in the eastern portions, becoming semiarid in
the far west




Capital:
 Lima
Location:
 Western South America, bordering the
South Pacific Ocean, between Chile and
Ecuador
Population:
 29,180,900


Terrain/Landforms:
 Western coastal plains, high and rugged
Andes in center, eastern lowland jungle of
Amazon Basin
Climate:
 Varies from tropical in east to dry desert in
west; temperate to frigid in Andes



Capital:
 Paramaribo
Location:
 Northern South America, bordering the
North Atlantic Ocean, between French
Guiana and Guyana
Population:
 475,996


Terrain/Landforms:
 Mostly rolling hills, narrow coastal plains
with swamps
Climate:
 Tropical; moderated by trade winds



Capital:
 Montevideo
Location:
 Southern South America, bordering the
South Atlantic Ocean, between Argentina
and Brazil
Population:
 3,477,778


Terrain/Landforms:
 Mostly rolling plains and low hills; fertile
coastal lowlands
Climate:
 Warm temperature; freezing temperatures
almost unknown



Capital:
 Caracas
Location:
 Northern South America, bordering the
Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic
Ocean, between Columbia and Guyana
Population:
 26,414,816


Terrain/Landforms:
 Andes Mountains and Maracaibo Lowlands
in northwest; central plains; Guiana
highlands in southeast
Climate:
 Tropical; hot, humid; more moderate in
highlands