Class X_Delhi_Social Science_Set-1
10.
Explain the process of unification of Italy.
3
OR
Explain any three steps taken by the French to develop cultivation in the Mekong Delta.
Ans.


During the middle of the nineteenth century, Italy was politically fragmented and
unstable. Even the Italian language had various dialects.
The past revolutionary uprisings, which failed, prompted King Victor Emmanuel
II from Sardinia-Piedmont to unify the Italian states.
1.
In 1859, Giuseppe Garibaldi headed a revolution against Austria in an
alliance with France.
2.
In 1860, the forces marched into South Italy and the Kingdom of the Two
Sicillies and drove out the Spanish rulers.
3.
In 1861, Victor Emanuel was declared as the king of united Italy and Rome
was declared the capital of Italy.
OR
Three steps taken by the French to develop cultivation in the Mekong delta were:
 building canals and draining lands for increased cultivation
 use of forced labour to build canals and earthworks
 increase in area under rice cultivation
11.
How had the First World War created a new economic situation in India? Explain with
three examples.
3×1=3
Ans.
Three points on the First World War's impact on the economic situation in India are given
below.

It speeded up the process of industrialisation


It led to a huge rise in the defence expenditure of the Government of India.
It created a demand for industrial goods (jute bags, cloth, rails, etc.) and caused a
decline of imports from other countries into India.
12.
How was Rowlatt Act opposed by the people in India? Explain with examples. 3×1=3
Ans.
The Rowlatt act of 1919 was opposed in the following manner:
*
Rallies were organised in various cities.
*
Workers went on strike in railway workshops.
*
Shops were closed down.
It was in opposition to the Rowlatt act that the infamous Jallianwala Bagh massacre took
place. General Dyer ordered his troops to open fire on the innocent civilians who had
gathered from the city of Amritsar and outside to attend a peaceful meeting.
Class X_Delhi_Social Science_Set-1
13.
Differentiate between metallic and non-metallic minerals with examples.
3
Ans.
The following points discuss the differences between metallic and non-metallic minerals:

Metallic minerals generally have high boiling and melting points. They act as
good reducing agents. They are malleable, ductile and lustrous. Examples: iron
ore, copper and tin

Non-Metallic minerals are non-metals. They generally have low melting and
boiling points. They act as good oxidising agents. They are brittle. Examples:
coal, mica and sandstone
14.
Which state is the largest producer of manganese in India? Mention any four uses of
manganese.
1+2=3
Ans.
Orissa is the largest producer of manganese in India. Manganese is required to
manufacture steel. It is also used to manufacture bleaching powder, insecticides and
paints.
15.
“Agriculture and industry move hand in hand.” Analyse the statement with three
examples.
3×1=3
Ans.
Agriculture and industry move hand-n-hand in the following ways:

Use of machines like tractors, harvesters and threshers can change the pattern of
agriculture from labour-intensive to capital-intensive.

The raw materials obtained as agricultural produce are processed in industries to
obtain the finished goods, which are later sold in the market. For example, cotton
is used to produce textile.

Transportation helps to carry the raw materials from the fields to the industries. It
also helps to bring the finished goods to the market. For examples, trains carry
grain to far-off places.
16.
Name the national political party which gets inspiration from India‟s ancient culture and
values. Mention four features of that party.
1+2=3
Ans.
The national party which gets its inspiration from India's ancient culture and values is the
Bharatiya Janata Party. Four features of this party are as follows:

Cultural nationalism (or „Hindutva‟) is the party‟s ideology that defines its
concept of Indian nationhood and politics.

It wants full territorial and political integration of Jammu and Kashmir with India.

It wants a uniform civil code for all people living in the country irrespective of
religion and wants a ban on religious conversions.

Its support base substantially increased in the 1990s.
Class X_Delhi_Social Science_Set-1
17.
How do Multi-National Companies manage to keep the cost of production of their goods
low? Explain with examples.
31=3
Ans.
Multi-National Companies keep the cost low by:
(a)
Setting up factories for production in that part of world where abundant raw
material is available at low cost.
(b)
Setting up factories for production in that part of world where cheap labour is
available.
(c)
Setting up trade and distribution centres in regions close to their markets.
(d)
Setting up offices to attend to customers in countries like India, where a large
number of English-speaking youth is available.
18.
“Legal-constitutional changes by themselves cannot overcome challenges to democracy”.
Justify the statement with an example.
3
Ans.
Democratic principles cannot be implemented solely on the basis of legal-constitutional
changes by themselves. The challenge lies in the application of expansion of democratic
principles to all social groups across regions.
Expansion includes taking democracy to grassroot level through local governments,
empowering women and minorities as well as applying federal principles to ensure
autonomous decision-making and decentralisation.
19.
How is money used as a medium of exchange? Explain with examples.
Ans.
Money acts as a medium of exchange in the following ways:

Overcomes the problem of double co-incidence of wants. For example, if a person
needs wheat in exchange of tea, then he/she must search for a person who is ready
to trade wheat for tea. Money made the need for such searches redundant.

Acts as a medium of deferred payment

Has a store value
20.
“An ideal government would not only keep itself away from corruption but also make
fighting corruption and black money a top priority”. Justify the statement by highlighting
the values attached to it.
3
Ans.
The three ideal values of a government are legitimacy, responsiveness and accountability.
An ideal government would not only keep itself away from corruption but also make
fighting corruption and black money a top priority. This can be justified as follows:
 Legitimacy- A government elected by the people is expected to work for their
welfare. Corruption and black money are sources of social evils like poverty, inflation
and poor political ethics.
 Responsiveness- A government is run by the representatives who have the mandates
of the people of their constituencies. Such evil practices will demotivate the people to
re-elect their representatives.
 Accountability- A government is accountable for the management of the polity and its
resources. Corruption and black money hinder the optimum allocation of resources.
31=3
Class X_Delhi_Social Science_Set-1
21.
How do we participate in the market as producers and consumers? Explain with three
examples.
31=3
Ans.
We participate in the market as producers and consumers in the following ways:

As producers of goods and services, we could be working in any of the sectors,
such as in agriculture, industry, or services.

Consumers participate in the market when they purchase goods and services that
they need.

These are the final goods that people use as consumers.