RC 1 (4)(A)
Causes of War
Show What You Know® on STAAR
Social Studies Flash Cards for Grade 8
8
Cause
• Stamp Act
• Quartering Act
• Townshend Act
• Boston Massacre
Effect
?
Which of the following best completes the diagram above?
F Civil War
G Intolerable Acts
H Revolutionary War
J Mexican Cession
COPYING IS PROHIBITED
8
Analysis
F
Choice F is incorrect. The Civil War was mainly caused by the issue of
slavery and states’ rights.
G
Choice G is incorrect. The Intolerable Acts were a cause of the
Revolutionary War, not an effect of it.
H
Choice H is correct. The Stamp Act, Quartering Act, Townshend Acts, and
the Boston Massacre were all causes of the Revolutionary War.
J
Choice J is incorrect. Mexican Cession occurred well after the
Revolutionary War and happened as a result of the Mexican War in 1845.
COPYING IS PROHIBITED
8
RC 1 (6)(C)
Manifest Destiny
Show What You Know® on STAAR
Social Studies Flash Cards for Grade 8
27Which war supported the Manifest Destiny philosophy of the
United States?
A The Revolutionary War
B The Civil War
C The War between the States
D The Mexican War
COPYING IS PROHIBITED
27
Analysis
A
Choice A is incorrect. During the Revolutionary War, colonies were
seeking freedom from England.
B
Choice B is incorrect. The Civil War was an internal war that resulted from
the South seceding from the Union.
C
Choice C is incorrect. The War between the States refers to the Civil War.
D
Choice D is correct. The Mexican War, prompted by disagreements
between the United States and Mexico, resulted in the United States
acquiring Texas (citing the Rio Grande as the boundary between America
and Mexico, thus settling the border dispute), parts of California, and New
Mexico. The United States had expanded its territory across North America,
as the idea of Manifest Destiny had said it should.
COPYING IS PROHIBITED
27
RC 2 (11)(A)
Effects of the Environment
Show What You Know® on STAAR
Social Studies Flash Cards for Grade 8
50Which of the following describes a characteristic of American
settlements in the 18th and 19th centuries?
FDue to a lack of snow and cold weather, the South was ideal
for southern manufacturers that needed to ship their products.
GThe West offered new settlers and immigrants many
conveniences and opportunities because of the wide-open
spaces and the ease of living.
HThe gold rush proved to be very profitable for everyone who
went prospecting.
JSettlers cut down trees to build homes and to farm; this
practice often resulted in overcutting of trees and poor
farming practices.
COPYING IS PROHIBITED
50
Analysis
F
Choice F is incorrect. The southern economy was characterized by
agriculture, not manufacturing.
G
Choice G is incorrect. Life in the West, particularly during its early
settlement, was harsh. It was not convenient.
H
Choice H is incorrect. Only a small percentage of those who participated in
the gold rush found fortune.
J
Choice J is correct. Settlers cut down too many trees and carried out poor
farming practices, thereby harming the land.
COPYING IS PROHIBITED
50
RC 3 (15)(C)
Colonial Grievances
Show What You Know® on STAAR
Social Studies Flash Cards for Grade 8
65When writing about why the colonies wished to be free of
British rule, Thomas Jefferson cited several reasons. Some of
these reasons included the British government’s failure to offer
trials by jury and the forced quartering of troops. Which U.S.
document protects citizens against these two injustices?
A The first U.S. Constitution
B The Bill of Rights
C The Declaration of Independence
D The Preamble
COPYING IS PROHIBITED
65
Tip!
The first 10 amendments to the Constitution make up the Bill of Rights.
Analysis
A C
hoice A is incorrect. The first U.S. Constitution was the Articles of
Confederation. This document did not address the rights of citizens.
B C
hoice B is correct. The Bill of Rights protects citizens against these two
injustices. The Third Amendment protects against the forced quartering of soldiers
during peacetime. The Seventh Amendment grants one the right to a trial by jury.
C
Choice C is incorrect. The Declaration of Independence cited reasons why the
colonies wanted to be free, but this document did not ensure that citizens would be
protected.
D
Choice D is incorrect. The Preamble identifies the purpose of the Constitution, but
it does not specifically list the rights guaranteed.
COPYING IS PROHIBITED
65
RC 3 (18)(B)
Supreme Court Cases
Show What You Know® on STAAR
Social Studies Flash Cards for Grade 8
76In Marbury v. Madison (1803) the U.S. Supreme Court
established the —
Fprinciple of judicial review and confirmed the Supreme
Court’s power to declare legislative acts unconstitutional
Gidea that the power of the federal government was superior
to that of the states
HCongress of the United States had the power to control
interstate commerce
Jprinciple of judicial review, meaning that the legislative
branch had the power to interpret judiciary rulings
COPYING IS PROHIBITED
76
Tip!
Chief Justice John Marshall dismissed the suit of Marbury v. Madison in 1803, citing
that part of the 1789 Judiciary Act was unconstitutional and that the Constitution did
not give the Court jurisdiction to issue the requested writ of mandamus. This was
the first time the Supreme Court ruled that an act of Congress was unconstitutional.
Marshall’s ruling established that the Supreme Court had the power of judicial review,
which meant it could determine whether a law agrees with the Constitution.
Analysis
F Choice F is correct. This is true of Marbury v. Madison.
G
Choice G is incorrect. This choice describes the significance of the McCulloch v.
Maryland case.
H
Choice H is incorrect. This choice describes the significance of the Gibbons v.
Ogden case.
J Choice J is incorrect. This is not true of Marbury v. Madison.
COPYING IS PROHIBITED
76
Show What You Know® on STAAR
RC 4 (27)(D)
Technological Innovation and Industrialization
Social Studies Flash Cards for Grade 8
95Which of the following technological innovations did NOT lead
to rapid industrialization in the United States?
A The electric light bulb was invented in 1879.
BIn the early 1800s, extensive roads made car travel easier and
faster.
CThe telephone and telegraph made communicating with
people in other parts of the country easier.
DElectric power in factories replaced the steam engine and
made factories safer.
COPYING IS PROHIBITED
95
Analysis
A
Choice A is incorrect. The light bulb made it possible for factories to be lit
around the clock.
B C
hoice B is correct. The automobile didn’t exist in the United States until
very late in the 1800s. It was not widely used until after World War I. The
question asks which innovation did not lead to rapid industrialization.
C
Choice C is incorrect. The ability to communicate was an important factor
that contributed to industrialization.
D
Choice D is incorrect. Electric power was an important technological
advance that contributed to industrialization.
COPYING IS PROHIBITED
95