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from the editor
Celebrating the International Year of Light
E
“... we share a
common heritage
around the science
and application of
light—and electrical
professionals even
more so...”
BMag makes an effort to share information with
you on the latest and greatest in the market right
now, and what may be happening in the market
tomorrow. But, every now and then, it seems
right to look back and appreciate what happened back
then, and how back then got us to where we are today.
That’s partially the mission behind the International
Year of Light (IYL) and Light-Based Technologies,
which runs this whole year. (the International Year of
Sustainable Energy for All occurred in 2012.)
“The [IYL] is a global initiative that will highlight
to the citizens of the world the importance of light
and optical technologies in their lives, for their futures,
and for the development of society,” says the IYL
Consortium, adding that, “The Proclamation of an
International Year of Light by the United Nations
will ensure the importance of light and its potential
applications are appreciated by all.”
Specifically, the IYL 2015 is a cross-disciplinary
educational and outreach project with more than
100 partners from over 85 countries—including
scientific societies, museums, universities and others—
accompanied by the UNESCO International Basic
Sciences Programme (IBSP). The UN adopted this
global initiative (light2015.org) to raise awareness
of how optical technologies “promote sustainable
development and provide solutions to worldwide
challenges in areas such as energy, education,
communications, health and sustainability”.
Contents
14 San Diego finds new streetlighting standard
as the city looks to the future with Led streetlighting, San
diego also will add lighting controls to 600 existing induction
and Led streetlights beyond the wireless lighting controls
affixed to the district’s new post-top fixtures.
The initiative will consist of coordinated activities
on national, regional and international levels, and will
explore light in all of its contexts and applications:
from today’s fiber optic networks that make highspeed communications possible and solar photovoltaic
panels to advances in artificial lighting, such as the
LED juggernaut.
While we have our differences the world over, we
share a common heritage around the science and
application of light—and electrical professionals even
more so than the average citizen. So why not use the
IYL 2015 as a springboard for exploring the latest in
lighting advances with your distributor or at the next
tradeshow... then discuss what you learned with your
clients.
dePartmentS
4
Industry news
8
electrical Safety 360
annex a: the crown jewel
of CSa Z462
15 Calendar
17 Personalities
On the Cover
and Page 10
Do the math... LED
lighting in higher
education
Few organizations are
pulled harder toward a
greater level of financial and
environmental sustainability
than higher-education
institutions, and while
greater energy efficiencies
can be achieved in many
areas, upgrading existing
lighting represents a solid
way forward. (Stock photo)
16 10 lighting and LED trends to watch in 2015
after a rough year for the top lighting manufacturers in 2014,
the market outlook could be looking up this year. Last year’s
restructuring could lead to improved margins for leading
companies, along with the potential for lower product prices
for consumers.
20 Products & Solutions
22 Code File
What’s new with 2-024
“Use of approved equipment”?
22 Code Conundrum
18 Cost-effective solution for cable reliability issues
empire district electric Co. started experiencing increasing
reliability issues, including power outages in residential
and commercial areas, due to the age of their cabling
infrastructure. Quotes for replacement were high, so the utility
turned to a hybrid injection cable rejuvenation solution.
page 20
www.EBMag.com • February 2015 • 3
EB_Feb2015.indd 3
2015-02-04 9:00 AM
industry news
NAILD says it has re-energized its brand by improving value proposition
The National Association of Independent Lighting Distributors (NAILD) says it has “re-energized
its brand by improving its value proposition to members and the industry”.
A redesigned website, new logo, expanded social media presence and an emphasis on membership
recruitment and events are just some components of NAILD’s improved value proposition.
Founded in 1977, NAILD is a non-profit trade association made up of specialty lighting distributors and vendor/manufacturers of lighting goods and supplies used in the operation of specialized
lighting distributors.
February 2015 • Volume 51 • Issue 2
ELECTRICAL BUSINESS is the magazine
of the Canadian electrical community.
It reports on the news and publishes articles in
a manner that is informative and constructive.
Editor
Anthony Capkun - acapkun@annexweb.com
Group Publisher
John MacPherson - jmacpherson@annexweb.com
Account Manager
Scott Hoy - shoy@annexweb.com
Assistant Editor
Renée Francoeur - rfrancoeur@annexweb.com
Art Director
Svetlana Avrutin - savrutin@annexweb.com
Production Manager
Kathryn Nyenhuis - knyenhuis@annexweb.com
Subscriber Customer Service Representative
Karen Thomson - mweiler@annexweb.com
President
Mike Fredericks - mfredericks@annexweb.com
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February
2015 • www.EBMag.com
EB_Feb2015.indd 4
2014-02-27 11:02 AM
2015-02-04 9:00 AM
industry news
Schneider Electric lands Platts Global Energy Award
BC Safety Authority “Building
Connections” with 2015 business plan
BC Safety Authority (BCSA) has released
its 2015-2017 Business Plan with the theme
of “Building Connections”, outlining the
organization’s plans for the three-year period
in four key strategic areas: safety, clients, people
and sustainability.
“The 2015-2017 business plan is our
roadmap towards achieving our vision of
Safe Technical Systems. Everywhere,” said
Catherine Roome, BCSA president & CEO.
“By strengthening the connections between
BCSA, our clients and our stakeholders, we
are getting the right information where it’s
needed most. The result is an increasingly selfsustainable technical safety system.”
BCSA is mandated to oversee the safe
installation and operation of technical
systems and equipment. In addition to issuing
permits, licences and certificates, BCSA says
it works with industry to reduce safety risks
through assessment, education and outreach,
enforcement, and research.
In recognition of its efforts to conserve and
manage energy consumption at more than 300
of its facilities around the world, Schneider
Electric was honoured with a Stewardship Award
at the 2014 Platts Global Energy Awards.
“Energy efficiency is in our DNA, so we are
especially proud to be recognized for the extensive efficiency programs we’ve implemented in
our own facilities,” said Chris Hummel, chief
marketing officer with the global energy management player, adding the award is recognition
of the company’s “commitment to adopt best
practices internally”.
Schneider received the Stewardship Award
for Efficiency Initiative in the Commercial End-User category for results achieved
through the company’s Energy Action Program. Launched in 2011, the program involves
the company employing its own best practices
and developing new energy-saving techniques
at its own facilities around the world.
By the end of Q3 2014, Schneider had
exceeded the program’s targets by reducing core
energy consumption by almost 13%. At the same
time, the company has increased revenue from
Green Premium products to more than 70% of
its total business (another goal of the program).
These guys get to play with 24,000-vdc
power test system
Florida State University’s Center for Advanced
Power Systems (CAPS) has unveiled a new
24,000-volt direct current power test system,
claiming it is the most powerful of its kind
available at a university research centre in
the world.
“This is the first time anyone has strung
together four individual converters of this
magnitude and operated them in a safe and
controlled manner,” said Michael Steurer,
senior research faculty and leader of the Power
Systems Research Group at CAPS.
With a capacity of 5MW, the new system
will give CAPS the ability to test electrical
equipment in real-world conditions, says FSU,
and companies looking to build next-generation power equipment will be able to test those
in the Tallahassee-based facility.
To create the system, CAPS put together
four individual 6kV, 1.25MW converters
that can be arranged in any combination—in
series or parallel—to form a flexible test bed
for medium-voltage direct current (MVDC)
system investigations.
“It’s a very long and expensive process for
companies to do this at the electrical grid,” said
PhoTo BILL LAx/FLoRIdA STATE UNIvERSITy.
Ferenc Bogdan, senior engineer and associate
FSU Center for Advanced Power Systems
in research at CAPS. “We can now do all of
researchers Ferenc Bogdan, John Hauer and
that cheaper and faster here.”
— With files from Kathleen Haughney Michael ‘Mischa’ Steurer.
“Sensusgate” smart meter removal saga
lands in Ontario
Ontario’s Electrical Safety Authority (www.
esasafe.com) has directed the province’s
local distribution companies to replace and
discontinue use of about 5400 Sensus iConA
Generation 3.2 remote disconnect meters
(sensus.com), usually referred to as the Sensus
3.2 with remote disconnect.
“Although there were no serious incidents
reported in Ontario involving these
meters, when we learned of the events in
Saskatchewan, we undertook a due diligence
safety review to determine if there were any
implications for Ontario,” said David Collie,
ESA’s president and CEO.
(Back in July 2014, SaskPower continued
to suspend its own smart meter installations
and stepped up investigation efforts after a
seventh meter failure in Saskatoon. More on
that saga at EBMag.com.)
ESA has concluded this Sensus model is
susceptible to a specific type of failure: arcing
within the components when water/moisture
and other contaminants get into the meter.
The agency’s bulletin does not apply to
the Sensus 3.2 meter without the remote
disconnect feature, which has a different
component design and, therefore, is not
susceptible to the same type of failure.
While there have been no serious safety
events reported in Ontario with the Sensus
3.2 with remote disconnect meters, ESA is
directing LDCs to remove these meters from
service no later than March 31, 2015, as a
preventive step.
ABB in Canada receives
TUV certification for safety system design
ABB recently announced its operations in
Canada have been certified by TUV SUD
as having in place and applying a Functional
Safety Management System (FSMS) for
the design and engineering of safety instrumented system (SIS) projects in accordance
with industry good practice safety standards.
These standards include IEC 61508
and IEC 61511 for the integration and
implementation of safety instrumented
systems.
The TUV FSMS certification recognizes
that ABB’s functional safety management
system complies with international safety
standards and good practices for its SIL
3-capable products, engineering and project
teams, and delivery processes. It meets all
relevant sections of the IEC 61508 and IEC
61511 safety standards for integration and
implementation of SIS, including system
configuration, application programming,
testing, verification, validation and
management for process industries safety
applications.
“This certification underscores ABB’s dedication to excellence in providing our customers with safety solutions, products and services that they need to implement to protect
their most critical assets: their people, the
environment, the surrounding community
and the process,” said Marcus Toffolo, vicepresident Chemical, Oil & Gas from ABB’s
Safety Execution Centre in Canada.
www.EBMag.com • February 2015 • 5
EB_Feb2015.indd 5
2015-02-04 9:00 AM
industry news
“Now one brand”: Osso Electric Supplies
merged with Sesco
Effective January 1, Osso Electric Supplies
officially merged with Sesco—both Ontario
electrical distributors within the Sonepar
Canada family (www.soneparcanada.com).
This merger was announced back in 2014 by
Todd Walford, president of Sonepar Ontario.
“The Osso Electric Supplies name will
remain but the company will become a brand
of Sesco,” explained Walford. “This merger
will see Osso Electric Supplies become known
as Sesco East and Sesco becoming known
as Sesco GTA. This change will allow us to
maintain our competitive pricing and continue
providing seamless service.”
The alliance of these two companies will
strengthen the back office synergies with purchasing and inventory management, explained
Walford, while enhancing the operational support for the entire company.
Sesco, which was established in 1922, has been
chosen as the flagship brand in Ontario “to maximize on its history and strong market presence”.
Customers will not be affected by this
change, added Walford, noting the main
difference is they will have access to more
branches from Hamilton to Kingston.
Electrofed loses another Council:
Consumer Electronics Marketers
Electro-Federation Canada (EFC) announced
the closure of its Consumer Electronics Marketers of Canada (CEMC) Council, effective
December 31, citing “economic conditions
and changing business models in the consumer
electronics industry, resulting in reduced numbers of CEMC members”.
Just over two years ago, EFC parted with its
Canadian Appliance Manufacturers Association (CAMA) Council—the direct result of the
Washington, D.C.-based Association of Home
Appliance Manufacturers (AHAM) opening a
Canadian branch office.
CEMC Council, meantime, has been part of
EFC since 1995, says the association. This closure also signals the departure of Susan Winter.
“Susan has worked diligently for years to try
and make the Council viable and sustainable,”
said Jim Taggart, EFC president & CEO. “EFC
has also strived to support the Council and
make it viable. It hasn’t happened.”
EFC says it has offered to continue to provide statistical services to departing CEMC
members, and supports the possibility of the
US Consumer Electronics Association (CEA
US) providing future services to the Canadian
consumer electronics industry.
Hydro One fined $325K after worker
crushed by moving machinery
Hydro One Networks Inc. pleaded guilty and
has been fined $325,000 after a worker was
killed while moving power equipment at the
electricity transmission and distribution company’s Hinchinbrooke Distribution Station.
In March 2013, a crew of five workers at the
company’s distribution station at 287 White
Lake Road in Central Frontenac Township was
engaged in replacing a voltage regulator. Because
the regulator’s location has overhead steel beams,
regulators cannot be moved and replaced using a
crane alone; they have to be moved laterally.
The crew utilized a method called ‘jackand-roll’ which involved moving the regulator
on wooden rollers. The existing regulator was
removed without incident and the replacement regulator, weighing 15 tons, was then
placed on a concrete pad to be moved into its
final position. As it was being moved across
wooden planking between two concrete pads,
movement stopped because rollers were not
fitting properly beneath the regulator.
One of the workers placed wooden blocking
and mounted a jack with the intent of raising
the edge of the regulator high enough to reposition the rollers and continue movement
of the regulator. As the regulator was being
raised, the jack slipped out of its position. The
regulator tipped forward, trapping and crushing the worker. The other four workers were
able to move the edge of the regulator enough
to move the injured worker away. The worker
succumbed to the injuries.
An Ontario Ministry of Labour investigation
found that no written procedure existed for the
jack-and-roll process. On other jack-and-roll
procedures, workers had utilized equipment
that stabilized movement and prevented uncontrolled forward movements; these were not used
in this case. The location of the jack was hazardous for the worker in the event of uncontrolled
forward movement of the regulator.
Hydro One Networks Inc. pleaded guilty to
failing, as an employer, to ensure that materials or equipment at a project be stored and
moved in a manner that does not endanger
a worker, as required by Ontario Regulation
213/91 (the Construction Projects Regulation)
and the Occupational Health and Safety Act.
In addition to the fine, the court imposed a
25% victim fine surcharge as required by the
Provincial Offences Act, which is credited to
a special provincial government fund to assist
victims of crime.
Canadian Solar contributes $400K
to U of T’s TalentEdge program
Canadian Solar Inc. says it has contributed
$400,000 to the University of Toronto’s
TalentEdge program to support scientific
development, research and hands-on learning, adding that this donation underscores the
company’s dedication to social responsibility,
renewable energy and advanced research.
“Not only are we pleased that we had the
opportunity to give back to my alma matter,
we are also certain that this donation will help
advance solar research,” said Shawn Qu, chair
and CEO, who graduated from the university
in 1995.
This year’s donation will help fund a twodimensional simulation tool project that specializes in the design and research of novel
solar cells. Canadian Solar is a manufacturer
of solar photovoltaic modules and provider of
solar energy solutions.
Bruce Power to participate in
international IAEA peer review
Bruce Power, the Tiverton, Ont.-based
nuclear generating facility, says it will participate in an operational safety performance
review—focusing on Bruce B—led by the
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA).
“By any measure, we work in one of the
safest industries in the world, and this level of
performance is only achieved through sharing
our experiences and successes as an industry, while always being open and transparent
about how we can do better,” said Duncan
Hawthorne, president & CEO, Bruce Power.
Bruce will host a group of international
nuclear experts led by IAEA through an
Operational Safety Review Team (OSART)
Mission in 2015. Check out the video at
tinyurl.com/q34g9mm.
Lack of “stable funding model”
dooms ESFi-Canada
In a letter sent in December, ESFI-Canada’s
interim chair, Gavan Howe, announced that its
“members have voted unanimously to dissolve
the organization as of December 31, 2014”.
Introduced in 2011 with the purpose of
becoming a national electrical safety advocacy
organization focused on reducing electricalrelated deaths, injuries and property loss,
Howe explains Electrical Safety Foundation
Int’l-Canada has “not been able to secure a
stable funding model to sustain our national
electrical safety organization”.
Cree files patent infringement
lawsuits against Feit Electric
Cree Inc. says it has filed complaints with the
U.S. International Trade Commission (ITC)
and the U.S. District Court for the Western
District of Wisconsin against Feit Electric
Company Inc. and its Asian supplier, Unity
Opto Technology Co. Ltd., to “curb infringement on Cree’s patented technologies and to
address Feit’s false and misleading advertising claims that certain of its products meet
Energy Star specifications”.
Cree says that, through a series of tests,
it determined that certain Feit bulbs carrying the Energy Star label fail performance
requirements such as omni-directional light
distribution. When we asked a Cree spokesperson for more information on the testing
performed, they replied, “Unfortunately,
I cannot comment on that topic.”
As part of the complaint, Cree is requesting
that the ITC issue an order to exclude infringing
and falsely advertised articles from entry into the
United States, and a cease and desist order that
requires the respondents to cease selling infringing and falsely advertised LED bulbs in the U.S.
6 • February 2015 • www.EBMag.com
EB_Feb2015.indd 6
2015-02-04 9:00 AM
HCF
ed
Strand
HCF
“North American energy independence and security are within
reach” says Canada’s Greg Rickford
“North American energy independence and security are within reach,
and we are proud to be a part of the strategic trilateral agenda in support of this attainable goal,” said Greg Rickford, Canada’s minister
of Natural Resources, at the meeting of North American Energy
Ministers.
The ministers—which included Rickford along with his American
and Mexican counterparts, Dr. Ernest Moniz and Pedro Joaquin Coldwell, respectively—agreed to strengthen government-to-government
relationships and support business-to-business engagement in the
energy sector. They formalized trilateral cooperation in several strategic areas, including:
“Modern, resilient energy infrastructure for North America in all
aspects: physical infrastructure as well as institutional infrastructure,
such as policies, regulations, workforce, innovation, practices to promote energy-efficient goods and services, and sustainable technologies.”
Rickford and Moniz recently enhanced bilateral cooperation in 11
areas by signing a Memorandum of Understanding on Canada–U.S.
energy cooperation back in September.
“North America is a secure, responsible and reliable producer and
HN
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PhoTo © MICRoSoFT
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Strand
Answering the “Call of Duty” to uncover
gaming console energy use
d
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In an act of utter selflessness and in pursuit of
the common good, engineers at Electric Power
Research Institute (EPRI) recently decided to
satisfy their curiosity about how much electricity the latest gaming consoles consume... which
required product testing, of course.
Their evaluation of the newest and hottest gaming consoles shows that three of the
most popular units use more electricity during
gaming sessions than previous models—but
supplier of energy. We have deeply integrated economies, abundant
reserves, shared critical energy infrastructure and common values that
underpin our strong collaboration,” said Rickford.
still cost less than $5.00/year to operate—and
offer more memory, more hard-drive storage
and more colourful and vivid graphics for consumer enjoyment.
The “research” team compared the energy
consumption of Microsoft’s Xbox One, Sony’s
PlayStation 4 (PS4) and Nintendo’s Wii
U while running the game “Call of Duty:
Ghosts”. In a head-to-head, hour-long test,
the Wii U consumed 30 watt-hours (Wh) of
electricity, compared to Xbox One at 105 Wh
and PS4 at 124 Wh.
“Household devices such as gaming consoles, computers and other appliances make
up a good percentage of a home’s electricity
use,” said Jeffrey Dols, the engineer who led
the humanitarian project at EPRI’s Knoxville,
Tenn., laboratory. “While five bucks a year is
a great value for entertainment, consumers
still have an opportunity to save money and
conserve energy by turning off or unplugging
these household devices while not in use.”
Power & Tel and N.A. Lighting Products
join IMARK Canada
North American Lighting Products Inc. and
Power & Telephone Supply have joined
IMARK Canada.
North American Lighting Products (Mississauga, Ont.) is a Canadian wholesale distributor supplying lighting and electrical products,
serving customers within the retail, commercial and industrial/OEM markets.
Power & Telephone Supply (Burlington,
Ont.) are a wholesale distributor to the communications marketplace.
IMARK Canada is a member-owned/governed marketing group for independent
electrical and lighting distributors.
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2014-11-21
11:28•AM
www.EBMag.com • February
2015
7
2015-02-04 9:01 AM
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industry news
electrical safety 360
Mike Doherty
Annex A: the crown jewel of CSA Z462
T
he 3rd edition of CSA Z462
(2015) is now available for
purchase. The fundamental
essence and foundational
core of Z462 is captured in Annex
A: “Aligning implementation of
the Standard with occupational
health and safety management
Standards”.
Without question, this has been—
and continues to be—the crown jewel
in this electrical safety standard.
On of the document’s
improvements is putting a greater
emphasis on the establishment of
an electrical safety program. This
critical factor has been embedded
in Annex A since CSA Z462’s
inception in 2006.
The preamble of Annex A states:
an ordered fashion using
comprehensive and proven
management techniques as
embedded in well-recognized
standards like OHSAS 18001,
CSA Z1000 and ANSI Z10.
Current quality and environmental
standards use similar Plan, Do,
Check, Act templates to ensure
comprehensive usage of available
financial resources and time.
Annex A goes on to explain
that the effective application of
an OH&S management system
includes the following elements:
• safety policy
• a process for setting
improvement goals and for
measuring progress toward
these goals
By itself, however, the
• a process for identifying
Standard does not constitute
hazards and for evaluating and
a comprehensive and effective
managing associated risks on
electrical safety program. The
an ongoing basis
most effective application of the
• a process for managing risks
requirements of this Standard can
holistically, rather than having
be achieved within the framework
multiple, competing efforts
of a recognized occupational
• a process for ensuring
health and safety management
personnel are trained and
system standard.
competent to perform their jobs
• a process for reporting and
Annex A insists that electrical
investigating hazards, incidents
safety must
be managed
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and injuries
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It is just a very good example of the original principles
embedded in Annex A coming to the front of the
standard with both great clarity and accountability to
proven managed system techniques and practices.
to prevent recurrence; and
• a process for conducting
periodic reviews or audits of the
occupational health and safety
management system
of injury or damage to health,
estimates the likelihood of
occurrence, and determines
whether protective measures
are required.
If you don’t manage electrical
safety it will manage you... it’s
all about the “managed system
process”.
Four new definitions were
added to the CSA Z462-15
as follows:
All four of these new definitions
in CSA Z462-15 are harmonized
with CSA Z1000 “Occupational
health and safety management”
and CSA Z1002 “Occupational
health and safety: Hazard
identification and elimination and
risk assessment and control”.
• Hazard: a source of possible
While it may seem that the
injury or damage to health.
new focus on risk assessment
• Hazardous: involving exposure to and risk mitigation in the 2015
version of Z462 is a totally
at least one hazard.
new concept, it is just a very
• Risk: a combination of the
good example of the original
likelihood of occurrence of
injury or damage to health from principles embedded in Annex
A coming to the front of the
the hazard and its severity.
standard with both great clarity
• Risk Assessment: an overall
and accountability to proven
process that identifies hazards,
managed system techniques a
estimates
the potential severity
11:01
AM
nd practices.
When you want to justify using
CSA Z462 to make for a truly
safer workplace for those who
interact with electrical energy,
the supervisors in charge of the
work, the managers who need to
manage in an ordered fashion,
and all those accountable within
the executive teams, then a
complete understanding of Annex
A is the doorway.
I strongly encourage those
who truly want to understand the
value of CSA Z462 to start with
its crown jewel, Annex A.
MY
A subject-matter expert on electrical
safety, Mike Doherty is a health
& safety manager/consultant with
PowerTel Utilities Contractors Ltd.
He is a licensed electrician and an
IEEE senior member, and has served
as the Technical Committee chair for
CSA Z462 since its inception.
His specialties include electrical
safety and health & safety
management, consulting, training,
auditing and electrical incident
investigations. Mike can be reached
at mdoherty@powertel.ca.
CY
CMY
K
1
8 •Underground_EB_Jan.indd
February 2015 • www.EBMag.com
EB_Feb2015.indd 8
2015-01-12 2:47 PM
2015-02-04 9:01 AM
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EB_Feb2015.indd
9
Bridgeport_EB_Feb.indd
1
11/6/14 10:06 AM
2015-02-04 10:38
9:01 AM
2015-01-21
AM
SToCk PhoTo
Chris Bailey
A
s the U.S. Department of Energy’s (DoE)
Better Buildings Alliance puts it:
“Colleges, universities, and other postsecondary institutions across the U.S.
hold unique places in their communities”. As
“civic, academic, cultural stewards and opinion
shapers”, the general public expects highereducation institutions to exhibit wise leadership
and financial stewardship.
Often, activities that support these cultural
ideals involve the local student body, faculty
and the community. These are everyone’s
issues, and few organizations are pulled
harder toward a greater level of financial and
environmental sustainability than highereducation institutions. With more than 20
million post-secondary students and over 5
billion sf of floor space, the higher-education
sector in the United States spends an estimated
$14 billion annually on energy costs.
10 • February 2015 • www.EBMag.com
EB_Feb2015.indd 10
2015-02-04 9:01 AM
Given recent estimates, 31%
of energy used by these facilities
is directed toward lighting
systems, which is the singlelargest electrical expenditure
(space heating and water heating
following at 28% and 25%,
respectively). While greater
energy efficiencies can be achieved
in many aspects of electrical use,
including space and water heating,
upgrading existing lighting
systems represents a unique, and
accessible path to reducing both
energy use and maintenance costs.
According to an April 2013
report issued by DoE’s Office of
Energy Efficiency and Renewable
Energy, it is forecast that LED
lighting will represent over
75% all lighting sales by 2030,
resulting in an annual primary
energy savings of 3.4 quads, or
996,482,200,000 KWh. Using
the current national average
commercial energy rate of
$0.0998/kWh, this equates to
nearly $100 billion in savings
potential. Given the precipitous
increase in energy costs, long-term
savings potential is even higher.
For higher-education institutions,
LED technology offers a multifaceted, cumulative and compelling
value proposition for which many
financial and environmental benefits
can be realized.
Efficient: low energy use
Typical lighting conversions to
LED from legacy sources can
yield 30-60% energy savings,
with up to 80% savings made
possible through the additional
use of controls. In addition to
LEDs being more-efficient
converters of electrical energy
into visible energy (light), they
are also infinitely flexible in
terms of their ability to achieve a
variety of lumen packages, colour
temperatures and contemporary
qualitative values, such as Colour
Rendering Index (CRI), Colour
Quality Scale (CQS) and Gamut
Area Index (GAI).
Additionally, the small size of
LED components allows for a
higher degree of optical coupling
efficiency, which enables LED
optical systems (such as reflectors
and TIR optics) to provide greater
levels of ‘task efficiency’ than
traditional sources. This capability
is especially important for outdoor
applications, where the objective
is to focus and project light
onto horizontal surfaces—such
as parking lots, pathways and
roadways—from great distances.
This fundamental advantage
allows outdoor and, in many
is consistent with most interior
cases, industrial LED luminaires
volumetric lighting applications—
the directionality of LED sources
using less power and producing
continues to provide higher levels of
fewer lumens to achieve or
‘light on target’ compared to legacy
exceed the measured illuminance
fluorescent sources.
values previously achieved with
We are also starting to see
conventional HID technology.
Even when the light emitted from glimpses of new form factors
LEDs is diffused with minor adjustand shapes that are directly
ments
to
the
native
photometric
disattributable
to the
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01-13-15 1:30
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These new shapes work in concert
with LED sources to not only
provide energy efficiency, but
architectural relevancy.
Since most commercial LED
luminaires come standard, or
optionally available, with a 0-10V
dimming driver, they are natural
candidates for autonomous
control (in-fixture sensor) or
wired and/or wireless lighting
2015-01-13
PM
www.EBMag.com • February
20153:44
• 11
2015-02-04 9:01 AM
SToCk PhoTo
Arling F
control systems. In many cases, the use of
controls can extend the life of LED and
power supply components by reducing the
effective working load and electrical assembly
temperatures. A potential by-product of
reducing lighting system energy use in
conditioned spaces is the reduction of HVAC
cooling loads by a factor of 3.412 Btu/h per
watt saved. This additional savings can be
extremely valuable in warm climates or where
peak demand charges are often incurred.
LED lighting: a tailored fit
A common theme with general service
fluorescent lamps is the use of ballast factors
to safely reduce or increase the light emitted
from the source. In an effort to meet lighting
power density requirements, some customers
may elect to utilize a lower ballast factor to
reduce the input wattage and resulting light
output of linear fluorescents. This option is
particularly appealing in circumstances where
fixture spacing is fixed, anticipated light levels
are greater than those required and/or the
calculated lighting power density exceeds the
area allowance.
Alternatively, the ballast factor can be
increased to resolve areas that may fall below
the required light levels without adjustments
to fixture spacing or density. Or, perhaps a
lamp-reduction strategy is being considered
in an effort to reduce the acquisition cost of
replacement lamps. While it is possible to
achieve some level of flexibility, the granularity
provided by most fluorescent ballast
manufacturers may not yield ideal results.
Those that offer a greater level of ballast
factor flexibility are typically found to have
much higher costs, and may not be readily
available when replacement parts are needed.
An emerging trend with LED luminaires is
the use of ‘programmable’ or ‘configurable’
drivers. This new breed of LED driver enables
the nearly effortless late-stage configuration
of luminaires by OEMs and, potentially,
customers to yield a seemingly endless variety
of fixture input wattages and delivered lumen
packages. Through the use of these enhanced
LED drivers, higher-education facilities are
enabled to reasonably achieve a greater level
of energy savings in a manner that provides
the greatest amount of flexibility with minimal
implications to system costs.
Long life, low maintenance
The light emitted from LED sources slowly
depreciates over time. How much depreciation
and how long this takes is determined by a
number of variables, but more commonly by
the operating temperature and current density
of the LEDs.
In some cases, it may be realistic to expect
10 or more years of operation before the
point is reached at which light levels fall
below recommended levels and begin to
noticeably impact visibility, productivity and
comfort. This long-life source translates into
greater lighting system reliability and fewer
lamp replacements, which lowers overall
maintenance and lamp recycling costs when
compared with conventional technology.
Full spectrum: enhanced colour and vision
Recent studies have documented a connection
between human visual system performance
and spectrum. In 2013, the Illuminating
Engineering Society (IES) introduced TM-2413, which addresses how the Spectral Power
Distribution (SPD) and Scotopic/Photopic
(S/P) ratio of light sources can be incorporated
in the IES Illuminance Determination
System—specifically for common visual tasks
that are categorized as “P through Y”.
Through TM-24-13, the concept of
Equivalent Visual Efficiency (EVE) is
introduced as a means to achieve a balance
between light level and spectrum that results
in maintaining equal visual acuity. It is worth
mentioning that light sources with an S/P
ratio greater than 1.4 are generally observed
to appear ‘cooler’, while those with an S/P
ratio below 1.4 are generally observed to
appear ‘warmer’.
Since many of these interior visual tasks
are accomplished in higher-education
environments (e.g. reading, writing), it is
reasonable to identify potential reductions in
light levels and the resulting electrical power
when a ‘blue rich’ light source is used, such as
LED. According to TM-24-13, sources of light
that have a higher S/P, or a proportionately
greater ratio of short-to-long wavelength light,
may yield the same level of visual performance
as a lower S/P ratio source but at lower
luminance level and lower input wattage.
This phenomenon is possible through the
interaction between short-wavelength light
and the recently rediscovered Intrinsically
Photoreceptive Retinal Ganglion Cells
(ipRGCs) that, among other things, are
involved in determining pupil size, retinal
image quality and our resulting visual acuity.
Given the generally present and uniquely
dominant emission of short-wavelength light
within the spectral power distribution of LED
sources, the consideration of LED source
spectra in higher-education lighting systems
may yield additional savings beyond those
demonstrated through typical analysis.
This paradigm of spectrum has also
been found to influence our visual system
when adapted to outdoor environments.
Consequently, the IES released an additional
technical memorandum in 2012, TM-12,
examining the spectral effects of lighting
on visual performance at mesopic light
levels. As the human visual system adjusts
to lower luminances (typical of night-time
conditions), we become more dependent on
rod photoreceptors, which are more sensitive
to light, emitted at shorter wavelengths.
TM-12-12 identifies a path similar to
TM-24-13 whereby adjustments to the
values recommended by the IES Illuminance
Determination System may be achieved by
incorporating the S/P ratio of light sources.
Accordingly, as seen with TM-24-13, the
unique spectral characteristics of LEDs may
allow for further reductions in energy use in
outdoor lighting applications.
While LEDs are generally observed with a
pronounced level of short-wavelength spectral
emission (typically around 455nm), quality
LED sources exhibit a broadband, smooth
and continuous distribution of light within
the visible spectrum. When compared to
the saw-toothed spectral power distribution
of fluorescent light, LED sources provide a
greater amount of spectral coverage, which
generally yields a greater presence of colour
vibrancy and contrast. Thus, among the many
parametric visual system benefits described
above, perhaps the most appreciated will be
the observation of richer colours and a ‘full
spectrum’ illuminated environment.
By carefully evaluating and responsibly
incorporating energy-efficient solutions,
colleges and universities can demonstrate
leadership beyond the realm of academics.
The energy- and maintenance-saving
potential made possible through innovative
LED lighting and control solutions not
only provides an opportunity for highereducation institutions to reduce current
building operating costs, mitigate future
cost volatility and, perhaps, enhance the
illuminated environment, but provides an
opportunity to demonstrate a culture of
innovation, spirit of community and the
drive to create change.
Chris Bailey is director of the Lighting Solutions
Center at Hubbell Lighting’s Greenville,
S.C., headquarters. He is a LEED-Accredited
professional and a member of the Illuminating
Engineering Society (IES). This article appeared
originally in Private University Products & News.
Used with permission.
12 • February 2015 • www.EBMag.com
EB_Feb2015.indd 12
2015-02-04 9:01 AM
Arlingto
Arling FEB 2015_ElecBus pg 1/19/15 12:43 PM Page 1
TM
CSA/UL LISTED
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CABLE SPACER
BOX EXTENDERS
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EXTEND SET BACK ELECTRICAL BOXES UP TO 1-1/2 INCHES
Our UL/CSA Listed Box Extenders extend set back metal
or non-metallic electrical boxes up to 1-1/2".
The SPACER™, Arlington’s
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CS14, CS14SC
hold up to eight
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© 2010 Arlington Industries, Inc.
• Holds single or double
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Arlington_EB_Feb.indd 1
EB_Feb2015.indd 13
800/233-4717 • www.aifittings.com
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2015-01-21 10:27 AM
2015-02-04 9:01 AM
“The future of lighting is intelligence”
San Diego finds new streetlighting standard
“T
he future of lighting
is intelligence,” noted
Jamie Irick at an
exclusive GE Editor
Roundtable during Lightfair
2014 (Irick has since advanced to
vice-president of GE Lighting
North America Professional
Solutions), adding that GE
Lighting is transforming itself
into a full solutions business.
As an example, he shared the
story of how GE Lighting got
involved with the City of San
Diego, which sought to improve
streetlighting in its Downtown
District. City officials chose LED
streetlighting fixtures after conducting surveys of more than 100
residents and five key stakeholder
groups that oversee the city’s
maintenance assessments.
“We chose to go with LED
streetlighting after the study indicated that broad-spectrum lighting was preferred by residents
and business owners,” said Lorie
Cosio-Azar, project officer for the
City of San Diego Environmental
Services Department, who was
also on-hand at the Roundtable.
“Induction and LED streetlighting were considered equal in the
residents’ perception, so we chose
LED—hands down—because of
its tunable light and the fact that
LED is the way of the future.”
“GE worked with us to develop
the perfect, functional fixture
for our city with the ideal light
output,” Cosio-Azar said, adding
that aesthetics played a big role
in the final design of the fixture.
“GE added a band to reduce the
uplight and incorporated a frosted
lens per our residents’ request.
Adding in the adaptive controls
took the solution a step further. It
is the most beautiful light.”
The OEM’s Evolve Avery
StreetDreams post-top lighting fixtures—equipped with the
LightGrid outdoor wireless control system—will replace about
3000 high-pressure sodium (HPS)
lamps in a move expected to save
the city of San Diego upwards of
$254,000 annually (likely more
when incorporating available
dimming schedule features).
The first in the United States
to utilize GE’s LightGrid
technology, the city promises
residents, business owners and
visitors improved and energyefficient lighting that will
significantly trim the city’s spending
and maintenance needs.
“Intelligent lighting,” explained
Irick, “communicates its status”,
which is better for maintenance and
crew deployment.
In addition to enhancing its LED
streetlights, the City of San Diego
is striving for added cost savings by
moving toward a metered rate, rather
than a flat-rate tariff, for its streetlight
usage with its local utility company.
GE’s LightGrid technology provides
energy metering per light pole, so
its specific usage information allows
municipalities to pay for what it uses.
As the city looks to the future
with LED streetlighting, San Diego
also will add lighting controls to
600 existing induction and LED
streetlights beyond the LightGrid
wireless lighting controls affixed to
the district’s new post-top fixtures.
“Selling a light fixture is like
selling a smartphone,” said Irick.
“[The fixture] does this now, but
new apps will make [the fixture] do
more down the road.”
Which is an exciting prospect
for Cosio-Azar, who talked about
several possibilities involving intelligent lighting, such as including
cameras along running routes, radiation detection technology by the
ports, parking sensors, etc. “We’re
looking at what we can do to monetize light poles,” she said.
— Anthony Capkun, with files from GE
Want to learn more
about San Diego’s
transformation?
Watch the VIDEO
“Making San Diego More
Illuminated With LED Lighting”
at tinyurl.com/q58rfvm.
Safety_EB_Feb.indd
1
14Electrical
• February
2015 • www.EBMag.com
EB_Feb2015.indd 14
2015-02-02 3:46 PM
2015-02-04 9:01 AM
calendar
Visit EBMag.com’s Upcoming
Events on the homepage
to see an extensive list of
industry events.
IN CASE YOU MISSED IT...
iEEE industrial & Commercial Power
Systems technical Conference
May 5-8, Calgary, Alta.
Visit sites.ieee.org/icps2015
ECAA training Day & AGM
Electrical Contractors Assoc. of Alberta
May 21-24, Invermere, B.C.
Visit www.ecaa.ab.ca
Skills Canada national
Competition
May 27-30, Saskatoon, Sask.
Visit www.skillscanada.com
Manitoba Electrical Expo
Electrical Assoc. of Manitoba
(form. MEL)
May 20-21, Winnipeg, Man.
Visit www.meleague.ca
EFC Electrical Council Annual
Conference
Electro-Federation Canada
May 25-29, Banff, Alta.
Visit www.electrofed.com
Electric utility Fleet Managers
Conference (EuFMC)
May 31-June 03,
Williamsburg, Va.
Visit www.eufmc.com
WILL BE
THERE!
WILL BE
THERE!
WILL BE
THERE!
WILL BE
THERE!
WILL BE
THERE!
WILL BE
THERE!
PhotoS • The Canadian Solar
Industries Association’s (CanSIA’s)
annual conference, Solar Canada,
wrapped up its 2014 installment
in December, where practitioners
and the curious came to learn of
advancements in solar energy
technology and policy, and network
with colleagues and stakeholders
from around the country and the
world. Visit tinyurl.com/njw8k5r
university of innovative (industrial)
Distribution
March 8-11, Indianapolis, Ind.
Visit www.univid.org
AEL Learning Expo
Alberta Electrical League
March 25, Calgary, Alta.
Visit albertaelectricalleague.com
WILL BE
THERE!
WILL BE
WILL BE
THERE!
THERE!
Affiliated Distributors Spring
network Meeting
March 30-April 1, Tampa Bay, Fla.
Visit www.adhq.com
EFC Annual General Meeting
Electro-Federation Canada
April 15, 2015, Brampton, Ont.
Visit www.electrofed.com
MCEE (Mécanex/Climatex/
Expolectriq/Éclairage)
April 22-23, Montreal, Que.
Visit www.mcee.ca
WILL BE
THERE!
WILL BE
THERE!
WILL BE
WILL BE
THERE!
THERE!
WILL BE
WILL BE
THERE!
THERE!
PEARL 18th Conference & Exhibition
Professional Electrical Apparatus
Recyclers League
April 24-27, Cleveland, Ohio
Visit www.electricalsafetyandreliability.com
BiCSi Canadian Conference &
Exhibition
April 26-29, Ottawa, Ont.
Visit www.bicsi.org
oEL Electrical industry Conference
Ontario Electrical League
April 29-May 2, Huntsville, Ont.
Visit www.oel.org
WILL BE
THERE!
Lightfair
May 3-7, New York, N.Y.
Visit www.lightfair.com
WILL BE
THERE!
WILL BE
THERE!
WILL BE
THERE!
WILL BE
THERE!
WILL BE
THERE!
Standard_EB_Feb.indd 1
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www.EBMag.com • February
201511:50
• 15
2015-02-04 9:01 AM
10
lighting and
LED trends
to watch in 2015
A
1
China will continue to grow
The coming year could be pivotal for the global LED
industry, given the growing market share of Chinese LED
companies throughout the value chain. “In order to compete
with international companies and maintain their growth, Chinese vendors
must overcome negative perceptions of product quality that continue to
plague them, even while they maintain their low pricing,” said Rhodes.
2
The sky is the limit for cloud-based smart lighting
The market for cloud-based smart lighting is unlikely to
gain market share this year because public knowledge of
companies offering solutions remains limited; however,
increased marketing of cloud-based smart lighting could gain mindshare
in 2015, positioning the market for future growth.
3
Changing fortunes for lighting companies expected
in 2015
The reorganization of the top three lighting manufacturers
could turn them into pure-play lighting companies focused
on dynamic markets, which would offer greater growth potential. The
restructuring will also allow LED makers to raise capital for further
investment, and will also let them reduce the hierarchal burden associated
with being part of a large conglomerate. “Changes in the corporate
structure could lead to improved margins for the companies and, possibly,
lower-priced products for consumers,” Rhodes said.
Li-Fi: a brighter way to communicate
Visual light communication (Li-Fi) is an emerging
technology, but implementations of pilot projects—along
with greater media interest—is forecast for 2015. “It will be
interesting to see how many commercial projects are announced this year,
and on what scale,” Rhodes commented.
4
Is lighting poised for a quantum leap?
As quantum-dot LEDs (QD-LEDs) still have some
challenges to overcome, the market will not likely to see
vast quantities of commercially available products by 2015
or 2016; however, in the medium to longer term, QD-LEDs could kill
off the OLED display market and cause deep disruption to the lighting
industry as a whole. “QD-LEDs still have some challenges to overcome,
but we might see a very small amount of commercially available products
by the end of 2015,” Rhodes noted.
5
SToCk PhoTo
fter a rough year for the top lighting manufacturers in 2014, the
market outlook could be looking up this year. The restructuring by
major global lighting companies will allow LED makers to raise
capital for investments in 2015.
According to “Top Lighting and LEDs Trends for 2015”—a new white
paper issued by IHS (www.ihs.com)—last year’s restructuring could lead
to improved margins for leading companies, along with the potential for
lower product prices for consumers.
“For the big three lighting suppliers, the road was bumpy: all of them
recorded falling revenue in the first three quarters of 2014,” said William
Rhodes, research manager of lighting and LEDs at IHS Technology.
“Industry watchers are now looking to see if these giants of the lighting
industry can turn the tide in 2015.”
Following are 10 predictions for the lighting and LED industry for
2015 from the IHS technology research team:
6
OLED luminaires, and where to purchase them
Mass-market adoption of OLED (organic LED) lighting
is not projected to occur in 2015, but retailers will likely
start offering a premium range of OLED luminaires that,
undoubtedly, will help create more interest in the overall OLED market
in the coming year.
7
LED filament bulbs: incandescents with a twist
LED filament lamps—which combine the benefits of LED
lamps with the familiar design of incandescent bulbs beloved
by traditionalists—are now starting to match other LED
offerings in terms of efficiency, price and colour-rendering capabilities.
“Ultimately, it will be up to consumers to decide if filament bulbs will
have their time in the limelight in 2015,” Rhodes said.
Packaged LED industry is moving downstream
and getting smarter
Smart lighting is another way for companies to attempt to
add value and improve profit margins. As the LED lighting
market moves downstream with modules and light engines, incorporating
smart lighting sensors and controls will be a key trend in 2015.
8
Is your streetlight all that it seems?
In the coming year, a couple of smart streetlighting pilot
projects (e.g. incorporating electric vehicle charging or
mobile phone masts into the luminaires) are expected to
start moving to larger city-wide installations. “With developments in new
technology, as well as the ever-expanding phenomenon of the Internet
of Things (IoT), the role that streetlights play in our world is set change
completely,” said Rhodes.
9
10
Automotive applications driving optoelectronic
components market
With LED headlamp penetration increasing, gesture
control getting increasing interest, and hybrid and
electric vehicles sales continuing to grow, 2015 will be a lucrative
year for the optoelectronic components suppliers who focus on the
automotive industry.
— This article is based on an IHS Technology News Flash (www.ihs.com),
a provider of global market, industry and technical expertise.
16 • February 2015 • www.EBMag.com
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2015-02-04 9:01 AM
personalities
Feds launch Canada
Apprentice Loan to help them
finish their training
Liteline Corp. has named Jarrod
Stewart its new regional sales manager
for Western Canada, less than a
year after naming him regional sales
manager for Ontario.
He maintains his title as regional
sales manager for Ontario, and will now
oversee both regions.
Working with Mark Silverstein,
vice-president of sales & marketing,
Jarrod says he welcomes the challenge to cultivate new relationships
and improve Liteline’s brand visibility
within Western Canada.
The family-owned company manufactures commercial- and residential-grade
lighting, including recessed, LED,
undercabinet and track.
Jarrod Stewart
Shelly Glover with apprentice Peter Morran.
While touring Red River
College, Canada’s minister of
Canadian heritage and official
languages, Shelly Glover,
announced the launch of the new
Canada Apprentice Loan which
provides apprentices in Red Seal
trades access to interest-free
loans of up to $4000 per period
of technical training.
“Now, thanks to the Canada
Apprentice Loan, more Canadians are able to complete their
training and become skilled
journeypeople and fill in-demand
jobs,” said Glover.
According to Statistics Canada,
almost 360,000 people are
enrolled in over 400 apprenticeship and skilled trades programs,
but only half of apprentices are
completing their programs.
“Jobs in the skilled trades are in
high demand, and one of our strategic priorities is to fuel Manitoba’s
economy,” said David Rew, interim
president and CEO of Red River
College, adding “We applaud the
Government of Canada on today’s
announcement to help our apprentices achieve success...”
Check out the video
at tinyurl.com/mnpngpx.
Beghelli Canada—a provider
of emergency
lighting products
and luminaires—
announced its
newest employee,
Scott Laing,
has accepted
Scott Laing
the position of
national sales
manager, Canada. “Scott has 15
years of proven results in leading
a team to exceed their budgets
and objectives,” says the company.
Reporting to the general
manager, Scott is responsible
for the sales and inside sales
departments in Canada
(www.beghellicanada.com).
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www.EBMag.com • February
20154:02
• 17
2015-02-04 9:01 AM
>
SPR injection equipment.
technician conducting TDR testing on
> Injection
an underground cable segment
Cost-effective solution
for cable reliability issues
Dy
CasE stu
on cable rejuvenation in rocky terrain
Steve Hightower
T
he Empire District Electric Co. is a
Missouri-based, investor-owned utility
that services about 215,000 customers
in portions of Missouri, Kansas,
Arkansas and Oklahoma. The majority of
Empire’s underground cable is 1/0 bare
concentric neutral that was installed before
1980. Empire started experiencing increasing
reliability issues, including power outages in
residential and commercial areas, due to the
age of the cable.
Empire initially had more than 17,000 feet
of cable that needed attention. Much of the
terrain within these areas is very rocky, and
the quotes Empire received for replacing the
failing cable were as much as $100/ft due to
the need for replacing cable bored through
rock. Cable injection quickly became an
attractive solution.
The utility chose a hybrid injection process
that uses a combination of Sustained Pressure
Rejuvenation (SPR) and improved Unsustained
Pressure Rejuvenation (iUPR). Here are the four
main reasons the utility chose the hybrid injection process:
1.
2.
3.
4.
The cost is less than half of replacing the
failing cable.
Cable injection is much quicker than
replacement. Most SPR-injected segments
are completed in less than two hours.
The cable’s full dielectric strength is
restored in seven days when the SPR
process is utilized.
Reported injected cable segment failure
rate is 0.4% with some suppliers.
In addition to the system’s reliability
improvements and the savings in cost and
time, the hybrid injection process also
minimizes disruption to customers.
Getting started
The initial injection project consisted of a
two-man crew performing the injection while
Empire’s own two-man crew completed all
craftwork. Wes Robertson, line manager for
Empire, said, “We particularly liked the hybrid
approach to injection—treat each segment
with the injection method that makes the most
sense for that segment—since this approach
allows for the maximum number of cables to
be treated, and has the greatest impact on our
system reliability”.
(For this project, Empire chose to use a
patented product called Ultrinium fluid,
which uses both the iUPR and SPR injection
processes. The Ultrinium fluid allowed
Empire to take advantage of a 25-year
warranty on segments injected using the
iUPR process, and a 40-year warranty on
segments injected using the SPR process.)
Circuit owners often choose to employ
the hybrid injection approach, also known as
Tailored Injection, to maximize the number of
segments injected. The hybrid approach utilizes
both the low-pressure iUPR and the moderatepressure SPR injection methods to maximize
the number of segments injected, avoid digging
difficult splices, and seal cable ends so fluid does
not fill the elbows and splice bodies. The hybrid
process delivers the best cable reliability, the
maximum number of injected segments, and
allows us to match the rejuvenation approach to
the circuit owner’s budget and project needs.
The process
The iUPR injection process is safer and more
reliable than the legacy Unsustained Pressure
Rejuvenation injection process, as it employs
proprietary equipment and injection process
improvements. One of these is reticular flash
prevention (RFP) technology, which reduces
the risk of injection port flashover. Another
improvement is more robust and redundant
seal designs that reduce fluid leaks and the
possibility of transformer fires.
18 • February 2015 • www.EBMag.com
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Cable being injected using the SPR method.
>
>
Injection technician connecting injection equipment to cable.
3 Employees injecting at a riser pole.
>
This process also eliminates the need for
post-manufacture air-pressure testing to
identify flashing from moulding defects, and
reduces the oozing of treatment fluid from the
elbow by 30% during and after injection. Fluid
secretion can compromise elbow reliability
under hot conditions, and lowers the postinjection reliability of the cable in all cases.
The iUPR process involves using low
pressure (10-20 psi) to inject fluid through the
cable strands. This low pressure allows the fluid
to flow through the existing splices without
damaging them. Since low pressure is used, the
injection process typically takes overnight for
the rejuvenation fluid to reach the other end of
the segment. After the injection equipment has
been removed, the fluid permeates slowly into
the insulation, achieving full dielectric strength
in about 18 months.
The SPR rejuvenation process uses
moderate pressure to greatly accelerate the
distribution of the rejuvenation fluid into the
insulation. The pressure used is well below the
psi specified by cable manufacturers.
Typical cable lengths only require about two
hours to inject and the full dielectric strength of
the cable segment is restored within seven days.
The SPR injection process is used on clear runs
and runs with blocked splices. When there is a
blocked splice, the splice is excavated and the
injection is performed in both directions from
the splice toward the terminations before the
splice is replaced and the pit is restored. The
speed of the SPR method makes large injection
projects fast, effective and manageable for
utilities like Empire.
Empire’s linemen were eager to assist
in making the project successful. The
rejuvenation went smoothly and very high
productivity rates were realized. What makes
Empire a particularly interesting project,
though, is that outstanding results were
achieved in such challenging terrain. In one
area near Branson, Mo. (where bedrock is a
problem), nearly 100% of the cable segments
were successfully injected, saving Empire the
expensive replacement costs previously quoted
for cable replacement.
“We’ve been impressed with the results.
Cable injection has saved us countless and
countless failures,” said Robertson. “A side
benefit was finding other issues we didn’t
know about, such as leaking transformers.”
These injection statistics have resulted in an
increase in reliability for the utility, making
Empire a believer in cable rejuvenation. “We
have seen a significant increase in our system
reliability since we began cable injecting.
Right now we are seeing nine faults per year
on uninjected cable versus 40 per year before
we began injecting,” added Robertson.
Moving forward
By employing the hybrid injection approach,
Empire was able to address reliability issues in
challenging terrain for a fraction of the cost
of cable replacement. After a complete costanalysis, Empire found it had saved more than
70% compared to the traditional method of
addressing older cable—outright replacement.
Customarily, most utilities realize a 50%
or better cost savings when using cable
rejuvenation versus replacement. The cost
savings realized by Empire were higher
because of the rocky terrain where the
work was performed, not to mention the
immeasurable benefit to the community by
not having to disrupt transportation and daily
life with dug up streets and sidewalks.
Proof of Empire’s commitment in cable
rejuvenation continued well beyond the
initial work performed in 2011. In 2012,
Empire continued to implement its cable
rejuvenation process by treating over 39,000
feet of 1/0 and 4/0 bare cable. More than
25,000 feet of underground cable was being
rejuvenated in 2014, and Empire plans to
rejuvenate all of its aging underground cable
over the next several years.
A regional sales manager for Novinium
(www.novinium.com), Steve Hightower
is a 15-year veteran of the utility industry,
10 of which have been spent in the cable
rejuvenation business. Underground cable
rejuvenation goes by several names, including
chemical restoration, dielectric enhancement,
cable treatment and silicone injection.
www.EBMag.com • February 2015 • 19
EB_Feb2015.indd 19
2015-02-04 9:01 AM
lighting products
Eaton’s Cooper Lighting Portfolio
surface-mount LED luminaire
Eaton’s Cooper Lighting division
says its new Portfolio surfacemount LED luminaire incorporates patented WaveStream
technology, promising uniform,
glare-free illumination for standard and high-ceiling applications in retail, commercial and
architectural spaces. Delivering up
to 100 lumens/W, the luminaire
is available in five lumen packages ranging from 4500 to 9000
lumens, four correlated colour
temperatures, including 2700K,
3000K, 3500K and 4000K and in
80 or 90 CRI. The product is also
available with a native Fifth Light
DALI (digital addressable lighting
interface) driver option for complete digital energy management
in some configurations.
EATON COOPER
LIGHTING
www.cooperindustries.com
Appleton N2LED emergency
egress LED fixture
Appleton has expanded its LED
lighting line to include the
N2LED emergency egress LED
fixture, saying it is 50% smaller
and lighter than traditional
models while offering up to 130
lumens of illumination per lamp
and consuming 75% less power.
Enclosed and gasketed for
industrial and marine use, the
N2LED is capable of providing
up to 180 minutes of emergency
operation with no degradation of
light quality. During emergency
operation, the battery is protected
from deep discharge damage
by a low-voltage disconnect
(LVD) circuit that automatically
disconnects and reconnects the
load, based on battery condition.
APPLETON
www.emersonindustrial.com
Soraa extends PAR and AR111 line
of LED halogen replacements
Soraa has extended its line
of PAR and AR111 lamps to
offer a range of LED halogen
replacements from 50W to
120W (equivalent). The new
12.5W PAR30 lamps are the
perfect lighting solution for 75W
to 120W (equivalent) lighting
applications, says the company,
in retail, hospitality and museum
environments, while the 12.5W
AR111 lamps offer an “efficient
choice” for retail applications.
Soraa’s PAR30 and AR111 lamps
are available in 50W to 100W
(Soraa 95CRI Vivid) and 60W
to 120W (Soraa 80CRI Brilliant)
halogen-equivalent light output;
8, 9, 25, 36, 50 and 60 degree;
as well as 2700K, 3000K, 4000K
and 5000K temperatures. Both
are compatible with a range of
enclosed, non-ventilated indoor
and outdoor fixtures. Additionally,
Soraa’s 8° lamps work with its
magnetic accessory SNAP System.
SORAA
www.soraa.com
WARNING: Counterfeit UL mark on
LED LLC lamps (14PN-25)
UL says 7W LED lamps Model
XPL13-41K bear a counterfeit UL
mark, meaning they have not been
evaluated by UL to the appropriate standards for safety, so it is
unknown whether they comply
with any safety requirements.
Even though their name is
on the product and packaging,
these products were not produced
with authorization by Lighting
Enhancement Distributors LLC
(LED LLC).
It is unknown how many units, if
any, made their way into Canada.
The product is marked MADE
IN KOREA.
The lamps were distributed by
Friendly Service Sales in Downey,
Calif., but are known to have been
sold at eBay (and may have been
sold at other locations).
UL
ul.com
WARNING: Unauthorized ENEC-15
Mark on i-Save Energy LED tubes
UL reports certain I-Save Energy
GmbH LED tubes bear an unauthorized ENEC-15 Mark, meaning they have not been evaluated
by UL to any standards for safety,
so it is unknown whether they
comply with any safety requirements. (ENEC is a Mark for
electrical products demonstrating
compliance with European standards, mainly related to safety.)
The warning involves T8 LED
tubes:
• T8G0104X12040W-06
• T8G0254X12040W-15
• T8G0254X12040W-12
• T8G0304X12040W-15
• T8G0304X12040W-12
• T8G0354X12040W-15
The tubes have been sold at
installerdirect.com and may have
been sold at other locations. It is
unknown how many, if any, units
made it into Canada.
UL
ul.com
products
Greenlee DataScout 10G tablet
replaces up to 8 hand-held devices
Greenlee Communications
says its new DataScout
10G touchscreen tablet was
developed for service provider,
utility, smart grid, mobility
and enterprise network testing
technicians looking for “increased
productivity and efficiency” in a
network analyzer. The DataScout
10G combines multiple test
interfaces into a single, simple
analyzer that is capable of
simultaneously testing everything
from 10G ethernet and DS3/
DS1/DS0/datacom to TIMS
and network timing. This tool
replaces up to eight hand-held
devices, says Greenlee, and a
separate laptop that a technician
would have to use in the field.
The tablet design allows for both
portrait and landscape
GREENLEE
www.greenlee.com
FLIR C2: the “first full-featured,
pocket-sized thermal camera”
FLIR Systems junveiled its
C2, referring to it as the “first
full-featured, pocket-sized
thermal camera” designed to
help professionals find patterns
that expose hidden problems,
such as sources of energy waste.
The compact FLIR C2 fits
in your pocket and features
FLIR’s patented MSX real-time
image enhancement, as well as
a simple touchscreen with auto
General Cable launches high-speed
lead-free EPR industrial cables
orientation. The C2’s 4800-pixel
detector captures and displays
subtle thermal patterns and small
temperature differences, says
FLIR, while a 41° field-of-view
frames in more of the scene.
The tool can store radiometric
JPEGs with the push of a button;
images can be downloaded later
using free FLIR software that you
to adjust thermal image levels,
isolate and add temperature
measurements, change colour
palettes and create reports.
FLIR SYSTEMS
www.flir.ca
General Cable’s High-Speed
XLF (extra-low friction) line of
low-/medium-voltage industrial
power cables feature leadfree EPR (ethylene propylene
rubber) insulation technology.
General says its high-speed XLF
technology provides a significant
reduction in installation pulling
force, making it easier to install
into conduit, duct or cable tray.
The incorporation of leadfree EPR insulation allows the
company’s 600V and 5-35kV
industrial low-/medium-voltage
cables to add RoHS compliance
to their list of industry approvals.
General’s high-speed XLF
and lead-free EPR insulation
cables are available in several
constructions.
GENERAL CABLE
www.generalcable.com
20 • February 2015 • www.EBMag.com
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2015-02-04 9:01 AM
products
Burndy offers BSD20100 reel for
static discharge applications
features, but is rated up to 150 C.
IDEAL INDUSTRIES
www.idealindustries.ca
Walter Surface unveils Zipcutter
6-in. cordless cutter
Burndy is offering a new
100-ft open spool reel for
static discharge applications.
The reels are commonly used
in the petroleum industry, but
apply in any area where static
discharge creates potential
hazards. The BSD20100 has a
steel construction and comes with
100 feet of 7x7 stranded stainless
steel cable with yellow polyester
elastomer cover. All the reels are
supplied with a 100A universal
jaw-type grounding clamp and
spring rewind and centrifugal
brake. (The product offering also
includes three different models
of 50-ft reels.) The BSD20100
reel has a permanent ratchet
lock; the other enclosed reels
have a positive ratchet lock with a
ratchet On/Off switch.
BURNDY
www.burndy.com
Ideal Wire-Nut 73B awarded air
handling space rating
Ideal Industries says its WireNut 73B wire connector line
has received the UL 2043 Air
Handling Safety Rating, enabling
electricians to use 73B Black or
Orange wire connectors on Class
2 or low-voltage connections
inside plenums, ducts and other
spaces used for environmental air
handling without enclosing the
connection within an electrical
box. The standard 73B (Orange)
has a square-wire spring to eliminate the pre-twisting of wire for
installation, and is rated for up
to 600V and 105 C. It is suitable
for low-voltage wiring in air handling spaces where a box is not
required, such as speakers, video
cables, or security/alarm systems.
The 73B (Black) boasts the same
Plus integrates communications
between tool, battery and
charger to protect them from
overloading, overheating and
over-discharging.
MILWAUKEE TOOL
www.milwaukeetool.com
Mitsubishi Outlander PHEV
supplies power to domestic
appliances
Walter Surface Technologies says
its new Zipcutter is the “most
powerful cordless cutter that
can drive a 6-in. cutting wheel”.
The tool sports an 18V/5.2Ah
battery and features a ventilated
charging system that helps
extend battery life by keeping it
cool during charging. Zipcutter
includes Dynamax electronics
for RPM control and consistent
speed under load, bevelled gears
to reduce noise, and a front
retaining plate and rear bushing
to prevent misalignment and
reduce vibration. The cutter is
designed to be used with Walter’s
ZIP family of cutting wheels, and
is available in 4 1/2-in., 5-in. and
6-in. diameters.
WALTER SURFACE
www.walter.com
Milwaukee delivers SDS+
rotary hammer solution
on one battery system
Milwaukee Tool says it has
redefined the cordless SDS Plus
rotary hammer market with the
addition of two new M18 Fuel
models that round out the line
and “deliver the market’s first
and only full SDS Plus solution
powered by one battery system”.
The full solution includes an
M18 5/8-in., M18 7/8-in. and
M18 Fuel 1-in. for the medium
segment, and an M18 Fuel
1-1/8-in. for more demanding
applications. The Powerstate
motor converts energy into
power more efficiently, says the
company, with no wearable parts.
RedLithium XC4.0 batteries
promise a full day of work on
one charge, while RedLink
Calling it a world first for a
plug-in hybrid electric vehicle,
Mitsubishi Motors Corp.
announced its Outlander PHEV
is now also able to supply
electrical power to the home
using a V2H (vehicle-to-home)
system in addition to being able
to be charged from a domestic
outlet. To date, the use of a V2H
system had only been approved
for all-electric vehicles, says
the automaker; the Outlander
PHEV, however, will be treated
as an all-electric vehicle because
its engine does not run while
connected to a V2H system. The
V2H system makes it possible
to use the Outlander PHEV as
an emergency power source,
supplying electricity stored in
the vehicle’s drive battery to run
domestic appliances in a power
outage. Available as a factory
option, a 1500W AC100V power
feeder enables the Outlander
PHEV to directly power
electrical appliances either in
emergency situations or when
engaged in outdoor activities.
MITSUBISHI
www.mitsubishi-motors.com
Sprinter goes off-roading in
model year 2015
The 2.1L, 4-cyl standard diesel
produces 161 hp and 266 lb-ft of
torque. The optional V6 diesel
offers 188 hp and 325 lb-ft of torque
(the exclusive engine of the optional
4x4, new for 2015). A key focus
in developing the Sprinter for the
model year 2014 product revision
was on a range of new assistance
systems, says Mercedes, including
Collision Prevention Assist, Blind
Spot Assist, Highbeam Assist and
Lane-Keeping Assist. New for
model year 2015 is Crosswind Assist
(standard on 2500 models), which
helps compensate for the effects
of gusts of wind on the vehicle at
highway speeds.
SPRINTER
www.thesprinter.ca
More products
can be found
online.
Visit us at
EBMag.com
Advertiser index
ADVERtISER
PAGE
AD Rewards.................................24
The 2015 Sprinter van enters
its second model “with a
freshened look that is also
more economical, safer and
environmentally friendly”.
The standard engine is a 4-cyl
diesel with 7-speed automatic
transmission (with available V6
diesel powertrain). Since 2010,
all Sprinters in the U.S. have
been powered by BlueTEC
diesel engines, which promise to
be as clean as a gasoline engine.
A diesel exhaust fluid (DEF)
injection system reduces nitrogen
oxides to nitrogen and water in a
downstream catalytic converter.
Arlington Industries......................13
Banvil ..........................................17
Bridgeport Fittings .........................9
Canadian Standards Association ..22
Electrical Safety Authority ............14
FLIR Canada ................................11
IPEX Electrical................................2
Mersen ........................................23
Nexans ..........................................1
Northern Cables .............................7
Standard Products .......................15
Thomas & Betts ..........................1,5
Underground Devices.....................8
United Wire ....................................4
www.EBMag.com • February 2015 • 21
EB_Feb2015.indd 21
2015-02-04 9:01 AM
code file
David Pilon
What’s new with 2-024 “Use of approved equipment”?
A
t first glance, the big change in the new
2015 CE Code to 2-024 is to exclude Class
2 circuits operating at not more than 42.4V
peak or DC when located on the load side of
overcurrent protection, transformers or current-limiting devices.
This does not include lighting products, electromedical equipment, equipment for hazardous
locations, or thermostats incorporating heat anticipators. It also does not exclude equipment that may
have other requirements under other sections of
the code (i.e. 32-104, as Section 32 is an amended
section), nor does it exclude the power supplies
that come with a higher supply voltage.
The rule does not identify what else is
approved. For these answers, we need to look
further into some of the changes within C22.1-15,
“Canadian electrical code, part I (23rd ed.), safety
standard for electrical installations”.
Rule 12-510 appears to accept cable ties for support; essentially, the Rule accepts another approved
product for use in an approved manner. Appendix
B includes a table describing the types and use of
cable ties and the different rating identifiers. Type
2S or 21S are specifically approved to provide primary support; however, add the designation AH-2
and the primary support approval vanishes.
In accordance with CE Code Part II, C22.2:
“General Requirements”, each cable tie shall bear
the manufacturer’s or vendor’s name, trademark
and identifying symbol. In addition, the packaging
or instructions must provide the maximum and
minimum operating temps, minimum installation
temp, minimum and maximum bundle diameter,
loop tensile strength and type designation. As for
UV rating, the cable tie may be shown as “For Use
Outdoors” or “For Use Outdoors or Indoors”.
So this explains how the approved product
should look, but where is it allowed to be used?
The caution here is that the approval is limited
to use on flexible conduit and tubing, or cable in
accordance with the CE Code. Rules 12-510(1)
(4), 12-706(1), 12-1010(3) and 12-1308(1) refer to
the use of cable ties of a type specifically approved
for the purpose.
Another new item on the list is the protection
of cables when run through a wooden stud, joist
or similar member, but are too close to the edge.
Rule 12-516 now permits the use of a cylindrical
bushing that is approved for this specific purpose, sized for the hole through the member,
and extending a minimum of 13 mm (1/2 in.) on
either side of the member, and no, conduit will
not meet the intent, as the Rule requires product
Questions and answers compiled by the Electrical Safety Authority
VISIt WWW.ESASAFE.COM
Question 1
Answers: EBMag January 2015
Tackle The Code
Conundrum...
if you dare!
Answers to this month’s
questions in March’s
Electrical Business.
How did you do
with the last quiz?
Are you a...
Master Electrician ? (3 of 3)
Journeyman ? (2 of 3)
Apprentice ? (1 of 3)
Plumber ?! (0 of 3)
Where a fan is used to ventilate commercial cooking
equipment, the control for the fan motor shall be:
a) readily accessible
b) Within reach of the cooking equipment
c) external to the ventilation hood
d) all of the above
Question 2
each receptacle that supplies shore power to boats is
required to be supplied by an individual branch circuit
that supplies no other equipment.
a) true b) False
Question 3
the largest size of a stranded conductor that is
permitted to be terminated under a wire-binding
terminal of a wiring device is:
Q-1: Class H fuses are permitted to be
used for overcurrent protection where
circuit overload protection is provided
by other means.
approved for this specific purpose.
While piecing together the 2015 code, a
discussion arose regarding the use of discarded
electrical box sides as protectors. These are
not approved as they are often thinner than
approved protectors (at 1.1 mm versus 1.3
mm) and, because they are often not flat, drywallers remove them to avoid a bulge.
Appendix G takes you to the National
Building Code, which defines how and where
studs, floor joists, roof trusses, etc., may
be drilled or notched. These rules address
the locations of holes and how they affect
the strength of the structure. Rule 12-516
addresses the location of holes in relation to
the protection of the cables, which is 32 mm
(1-1/2 in.) from the edge of the member.
By employing Rules 2-024 and 2-030, new
products can enter the workplace, help us
keep up with technology and ensure our trade
continues to grow and thrive. These solutions,
however, require manufacturer documentation
for the AHJ (authority having jurisdiction),
who still has discretion to accept or reject
equipment. Codes still need to be addressed
and rewritten as these changes occur, but we
have the tools and ability to change.
David Pilon has been an electrical inspector
with SaskPower since 2000, and is currently the
vice-chair of the Canadian Certified Electrical
Inspector (CCEI) committee of the International
Association of Electrical Inspectors (IAEI),
Canadian Section. David can be reached at
dpilon@saskpower.com.
b) False. Rule 14-212.
Q-2: does the Ce Code permit a 8aWG
system grounding conductor, that is
free from exposure to mechanical injury,
to run exposed along the surface of a
building construction without protection?
b) No. Rule 10-806.
Q-3: Wthe maximum voltage for a Class
2 circuit is:
Always consult the
electrical inspection authority
in your province/territory for
more specific interpretations.
d) 150V. Rule 16-200.
a) no. 14 aWG c) no. 10 aWG
b) no. 12 aWG d) no. 8 aWG
IT’S WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW
Now Available
2015 Canadian Electrical Code. More than 200 updates and revisions. Discover a
range of CE Code products & training solutions
Register
Purchase Your Copy Today!
By JULY 1
www.csagroup.org/cecode
CSABanner_EB_Jan.indd 1
22 • February 2015 • www.EBMag.com
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